The Government of the Russian Federation annually approves the Program of State Guarantees of Free Medical Care for Citizens, which contains information on:
In addition, it contains information on average standards for the volume of medical care, average standards for financial costs per unit of medical care, average per capita financing standards, as well as the procedure and structure for setting tariffs for medical care and methods of payment.
It is important that the program of state guarantees contains the basic CHI program, as well as requirements for the territorial CHI programs of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, where programs may differ from the basic one due to the specifics of the region.
To receive free medical care, which is mentioned in the program, a citizen of the Russian Federation must obtain a compulsory medical insurance policy. The entire procedure for dealing with a compulsory health insurance policy is very clearly regulated at the legislative level. And every person should know their rights and obligations when using such a document.
According to his MHI policy, each person can use ambulance services free of charge, receive outpatient care, including at home, and also visit a day hospital. In addition, the policy guarantees free planned hospitalization in the hospital.
The compulsory health insurance program pays special attention to pregnant women, so such a complex medical manipulation as childbirth is also paid for at the expense of compulsory medical insurance.
CHI does not include: treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, tuberculosis, HIV infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, mental and behavioral disorders. However, the treatment of these diseases for citizens of the Russian Federation is also free, since they are paid from the budget of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
There is also such a nuance: if a person suddenly got into trouble - he lost consciousness, got a fracture, felt pain in his heart, was injured, etc., he can call an ambulance or go to an emergency room, and they must accept him there even without presenting a policy OMS. Emergency medical care is provided immediately and without bureaucratic delays. The policy may be asked to present later, when nothing will threaten the life and health of a person.
Since 2011, Russia has had a uniform compulsory medical insurance policy, which means that its validity extends throughout the country, and a person who finds himself in another region can be provided with the necessary medical assistance upon presentation of the compulsory medical insurance policy.
All citizens of Russia can apply for a policy at the points of issue of CHI policies, which are in any city. Just for starters, you need to choose a medical insurance company that will accompany the insured. Insurance can be changed once a year, so the choice must be approached responsibly.
A number of documents are required to obtain a policy. For adult citizens and children over the age of 14, this is a passport of the Russian Federation and SNILS; for children, this is a birth certificate, documents of their legal representative and SNILS. Also, everyone needs to write an application for the issuance of a policy.
There are only 4 obligations of the insured, which should be known and observed. It:
What medical services are free, and what will you have to pay for? Why do I need a health insurance policy and how to get it? How to attach to the clinic and how long to wait for an appointment with a specialist? Why can you be denied an ambulance call and where to complain if you are faced with rudeness or negligence of doctors?
The right to free medical care is guaranteed by Article 41 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. But what is included in the concept of "free medicine" if in practice you have to pay for a lot?
By law, patients are entitled to the following free medical services:
A complete list of cases in which you are entitled to free medical care is included in the basic program of compulsory medical insurance. To check this list, you can contact your insurance company (you can find the company's phone number on your policy).
Please note that you are also entitled to free medicines if your condition is rare, life-shortening, or disabling. The list of vital and essential drugs is approved by the state and spelled out in the text of the law.
You will have to pay for other services and medicines.
A compulsory medical insurance policy (CHI policy) is a document that allows a person to receive free medical care in hospitals and clinics throughout the Russian Federation. It is issued by insurance companies that are licensed to work in this area. The insurance company that issued you the CHI policy pays for medical services and protects your interests in conflicts with medical institutions. Keep in mind that in order to receive legally free medical services, you must have a policy with you. Without presenting it, only emergency assistance is provided. Anyone who is on the territory of the Russian Federation, including foreigners and refugees, can receive a CHI policy.
To do this, you need to contact an insurance company that has the appropriate license. The official rating of insurance medical organizations will help in its choice. Over time, you can change the insurer if you are dissatisfied with the quality of his work. Remember that by law this can be done no more than once a year and no later than November 1st.
For a citizen of the Russian Federation under 14 years of age,:
For a citizen of the Russian Federation over 14 years of age,:
For citizens of the Russian Federation, the policy is unlimited, a temporary policy is made for refugees and foreigners temporarily residing on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Despite the fact that the policy is indefinite, it can be replaced with a new one.:
Upon receipt of the compulsory medical insurance policy, a polyclinic is selected to which you will seek medical help (that is, you are “attached” to it). You have the right to choose any clinic that will be convenient for you to visit (closer to home, work, summer cottage). The only condition is that she must be able to accept a new patient (the planned load is determined by the standards).
Your attachment to the polyclinic at the place of residence occurred automatically if:
For self-attachment, you will need to write an application to the administration of the clinic. Keep in mind that if you are attached to a polyclinic not at your place of residence, then you will not be able to call a doctor at home.
Remember that according to the law, you can change the clinic no more than once a year, with the exception of cases of changing the place of residence or stay.
List of documents for a child under 14 years old:
List of documents for citizens over 14 years old:
They can refuse to attach if the selected polyclinic is overcrowded and is not located in your area of residence. You have the right to demand a written refusal, on the basis of which you can complain to the insurance company, the Ministry of Health or Roszdravnadzor.
You can make an appointment with a doctor (get an appointment coupon) in person through the registry of a medical organization or remotely through an electronic registry (if available). But doing this is often quite difficult. The next appointment with doctors can be only in a few months or not at all (“no coupons”). How long can you wait according to the law, and what to do if you are not provided with a service on time?
Each region independently sets the waiting time for medical care in its territory. You can get information about the terms in force in your region at the territorial compulsory health insurance fund or at your insurance company (you can find the company's phone number in your CHI policy).
As an example, let us cite the deadlines set in Moscow. According to the decree of the Government of Moscow, the maximum terms are set:
If the medical organization cannot meet the specified deadlines, there is no necessary specialist or equipment, then by law the patient must be sent to the nearest medical institution for diagnostics, and absolutely free of charge. If these provisions are violated, then you can file a complaint against the medical organization with your insurance company or other institutions, which we talk about in the "Where to complain?" section.
Yes, according to the law, you can change not only the medical organization, but also the attending physician (district doctor, general practitioner, pediatrician, general practitioner and paramedic). To do this, you need to apply to the head of the medical institution. You can change a doctor no more than once a year, except in cases of a change in place of residence or stay.
Free medical care also includes ambulances. Everyone on the territory of the Russian Federation can use it, including those who do not have a compulsory medical insurance policy. Many complain about the waiting time for an ambulance, but not everyone knows that the arrival time of the medical team primarily depends on its type, their two:
It is up to the dispatcher to decide what type of assistance to send to you.
We all remember the memorized truth from childhood that to call an ambulance it is enough to call the number "03". Landline telephones eventually become a thing of the past, they are replaced by mobile communications. Almost everyone has a mobile phone at hand, but not everyone knows how to call an ambulance from it.
You can call an ambulance by calling:
Number 112 is universal. By this number you can call the fire brigade, police, ambulance, emergency gas service, rescuers. You can call this number even with a zero balance, a blocked SIM card, or if it is not in your phone. However, this service does not work in all regions of the Russian Federation today.
When will an ambulance arrive?:
In which case the ambulance will not arrive:
The arriving team will provide emergency medical care and, if necessary, hospitalize you in the hospital. The doctors of the brigade can give verbal recommendations for treatment, but they do not write out certificates and sick leave.
There are times when a conflict arises between you and your doctor. What to do in such a situation? To complain.
Keep in mind that the period for consideration of applications in each case, according to the law, is 30 calendar days.
31488
Article 41 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation guarantees everyone the right to health care and free medical care in state and municipal health care institutions.
To receive a full range of free medical services, a citizen must obtain a compulsory medical insurance policy (CHI policy).
The compulsory medical insurance policy is a document certifying the right of the insured person to free medical care throughout the Russian Federation in the amount provided for by the basic program of compulsory medical insurance.
In accordance with Article 46 of the Federal Law "On Compulsory Medical Insurance in Russian Federation» dated November 29, 2010 No. 326-FZ, in order to obtain a compulsory medical insurance policy, a citizen must submit an application to the insurance company of their choice (you must also have a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation with you). On the day of application, you will receive either the policy itself or a temporary certificate, which is valid until the policy is received, but not more than 30 working days from the date of its issue.
The procedure for obtaining a CHI policy is not affected by the presence or absence of registration. So, a citizen registered, for example, in Rostov, but living in Moscow, can freely apply for a compulsory medical insurance policy to an insurance company at the place of residence, that is, in Moscow, and also attach himself to the nearest clinic to his place of residence.
However, in the absence of an insurance policy, they will not be able to refuse you medical care if it is in an emergency form, that is, in case of sudden acute diseases and exacerbation of chronic diseases that pose a threat to life (clause 1, part 4, article 32 of the Law "On the Fundamentals of Health Protection" citizens in the Russian Federation” No. 323-FZ dated November 21, 2011). In addition, paragraph 9 of the Letter of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated December 25, 2012 No. 11-9 / 10 / 2-5718 clarifies that citizens who are not insured and not identified in the CHI system are entitled to receive an ambulance, including emergency specialized care, at the expense of regional budgets.
Thus, a citizen who is not insured and not identified in the system of compulsory medical insurance (in other words, without a compulsory medical insurance policy) is not entitled to be denied free ambulance, including specialized ambulance, medical care.
It should be borne in mind that there is such a thing as emergency medical care (without a threat to the patient's life). Usually, such assistance also requires an insurance policy. But after all, we do not always have documents with us, and malaise can arise suddenly under any circumstances. And in this case, the doctor is obliged to examine the patient, even if the person in need of help does not have a document in his hands. Based on the results of the examination, the doctor will determine further actions: if the patient's condition may worsen, then he is admitted to the hospital and provided emergency assistance, and if the condition is stable, the doctor transmits information about such a patient to the clinic at the place of residence.
In any case, in order to avoid possible difficulties, we recommend that you take out a medical policy. However, despite its absence, the law is on your side, if you are denied medical care in the prescribed manner, you can safely defend your rights. To begin with, it is worthwhile to remind the medical worker in the correct form about the violation of your constitutional rights and ask for medical assistance. In case of refusal, we recommend that you file a complaint with the head of the medical organization (both verbally and in writing).
In case of receiving a refusal from the head physician, it is necessary to contact the authorized executive body (most often this is the Department of Health for the subject).
It is always worth remembering that receiving medical care is your constitutional right and no one can violate it.
Be always healthy!
One of the rights of a citizen of the Russian Federation is the possibility of receiving medical care for free, and it is distributed throughout the country. Any of the citizens living in the Russian Federation can use it after acquiring the relevant document - a policy. The right to medical care is provided both in public medical institutions and in private ones.
Obtaining free medical services is one of the basic rights of the population; it is ensured by obtaining a compulsory medical insurance policy. It is issued for an unlimited period of time.
Can apply for it:
Persons residing on the territory of the Russian Federation temporarily (refugees, foreigners) are also given the right to receive a policy, however, with a limited validity period, that is, it will be issued for the time period during which they stay in Russia. The status of the recipient does not affect the execution of health insurance; it can be employed, unemployed, retired or student.
In accordance with the legislation, medical support must meet certain requirements:
Having received a compulsory medical insurance policy, citizens can apply for basic medical care in any region of the country. That is, persons who have received this policy have the right to apply to a medical institution, regardless of their permanent place of registration.
The basic range of services includes:
In addition to providing policies with basic services, there are also territorial ones. They function in the territories of those regions in which they were issued, this is due to the fact that such a document has a wider range of services.
Such a policy allows citizens with diseases such as:
Receive the care and services you need, free of charge. The list of services provided and the list of diseases are enshrined in legislative acts.
The rights of citizens who applied for medical services are defined at the legislative level and are contained in the Federal Law "On Health Protection".
So, the main rights are:
In addition to rights, patients have a number of obligations that must be observed, these include:
If the treated person fails to comply with the rules and norms established by the charter of the hospital, the attending physician may refuse the patient in agreement with the officials.
The main legislative acts regulating healthcare in the Russian Federation are:
On the basis of this documentation, and a number of others, assistance is provided to people and their rights and obligations in the field of medical services are observed.
Employees of hospitals, upon presentation of a refusal to provide medical care, providing it not in full or of poor quality, to persons who applied for it, will be held liable. Art. 124 of the Criminal Code implies liability if such a refusal entailed such consequences as aggravating the patient's condition to severe, moderate, and also if it led to the death of the patient.
In accordance with the Criminal Code, a health worker may be liable in the form of:
Causing harm to health, which is considered a serious crime, as well as actions resulting in death as a result of failure to provide assistance, is punishable by:
In addition to criminal liability, a medical officer may also incur civil liability.
The responsibility of medical personnel under the Civil Code of the Russian Federation arises as a result of:
The victim has the right to demand from the person who caused damage to health or from the organization involved in the provision of honey. services:
It is possible to bring to an administrative form of responsibility, which includes punishment, restrictions on work in the specialty for a period of six to 36 months.
What to do to a citizen who was denied help after he applied for it in honey. institution.
It must be understood that responsibility will be assigned depending on the stage at which the refusal was made:
In the event of a denial, you must:
If, as a result of the doctor’s inaction, damage to health has been caused, then it is necessary to contact the prosecutor’s office and write a statement of claim to the court for consideration and punishment at the highest level.
Medical assistance consists of several types:
The conditions in which care can be provided will depend on the situation and the complexity of the disease:
The main forms of providing medical services include:
Example #1
Citizen Smirnova A.S. owns a standard insurance policy. Going on vacation to the sea, she took with her all the necessary documents, including compulsory medical insurance. Everything was going well, but a couple of days before returning home, she fell and injured her leg. Having called an ambulance, she was taken to the emergency room for injuries at Point No. 5 in Sochi. At the reception, she was asked to show insurance, after that they issued a card, and she sat down to wait for an appointment. As a result, it turned out that she had a broken leg, a plaster cast was applied, and she went to a hotel to wait for her departure home.
Example #2
Sidorov I.P. is a citizen of the Russian Federation and has a compulsory medical insurance policy. Going on vacation, he took all the necessary documents with him, not forgetting him. Arriving at sea, like many tourists, he got burned, having received a severe burn that caused a high temperature, with these symptoms, he decided to contact the local clinic in order to get help. After waiting for his turn, he went to the doctor, who, having studied his documents (the medical card was issued to him at the hospital registry), began to say that he could not provide services to him, since Sidorov was a resident of another region, and services would be paid for him. Not at a loss, citizen Sidorov turned to the head physician of the local clinic, retelling a recent conversation with the doctor. The boss asked to write an official statement about the unscrupulous specialist, but he refused, asking to be sent to another. Having received all the necessary services from another therapist, the tourist went to the hotel for treatment.
Sign No. 3
The Usmanov family moved to Russia as refugees, received temporary registration, and her husband got a job. A few months later, they learned that the wife was pregnant. She decided to shave in the nearest antenatal clinic to the place of residence. At the reception, she was asked for a compulsory insurance policy, which was not available. As it was explained to her that in his absence, she could only count on the provision of services on a paid basis, and this is quite expensive. At the exit from the consultation, she met her countrywoman, and she recommended that she apply to an insurance company in order to obtain a policy. Within a month, she received the document in her hands and without any difficulties got registered for pregnancy, with the full right to free delivery of all the required tests for procedures, if necessary, to provide hospital care and receive qualified assistance during childbirth.
So, in order for citizens to have the opportunity in the event of health problems or any unforeseen circumstances requiring medical attention, persons located on the territory of the Russian Federation must contact authorized organizations to draw up a document that will allow them to use the services of doctors for free.