The temperature of the floor surface along the axis of the heating element in children's institutions, residential buildings and swimming pools should not exceed 35 ° C.
The surface temperature limits do not apply to single pipes of heating systems embedded in the ceiling or floor.
3.17. The surface temperature of low-temperature panels for radiant heating of workplaces should not be taken higher than 60 ° C, and for radiant cooling panels - below 2 ° C.
3.22. Pipelines, heating systems, internal heat supply of air heaters and water heaters of ventilation, air conditioning, air heating, air showering and air-thermal curtains (hereinafter referred to as “pipelines of heating systems”) should be designed from pipes according to mandatory Appendix 13.
It is allowed to use pipes made of polymeric materials for heating elements built into building structures made of non-combustible materials.
3.23. Thermal insulation should be provided for pipelines of heating systems laid in unheated premises, in places where the coolant may freeze, in artificially cooled premises, as well as to prevent burns and moisture condensation on them.
For other cases of laying pipelines, thermal insulation should be provided for in the economic justification.
Additional heat losses by pipelines laid in unheated premises, and heat losses caused by the placement of heaters near external fences, should not exceed 7% of the heat flow of the building's heating system (see mandatory Appendix 12).
3.24*. Pipelines for various purposes should, as a rule, be laid separately from a heating point or from a common pipeline:
a) for heating systems with local heating devices;
b) for ventilation, air conditioning and air heating systems;
c) for air curtains;
d) for other periodically operating systems or installations.
3.25. The speed of movement of the coolant in the pipes of water heating systems should be taken depending on the permissible equivalent sound level in the room:
a) above 40 dBA - no more than 1.5 m / s in public buildings and premises; no more than 2 m / s - in administrative buildings and premises; no more than 3 m/s - in industrial buildings and premises;
b) 40 dBA and below - according to the mandatory annex 14.
3.26. The speed of steam movement in pipelines should be taken:
a) in low-pressure heating systems (up to 70 kPa at the inlet) with the associated movement of steam and condensate 30 m / s, with the opposite - 20 m / s;
b) in high pressure heating systems (from 70 to 170 kPa at the inlet) with the associated movement of steam and condensate 80 m/s, with the opposite movement - 60 m/s.
3.27. The difference in water pressure in the supply and return pipelines for the circulation of water in the heating system should be determined taking into account the pressure arising from the difference in water temperatures.
Unaccounted for circulation pressure losses in the heating system should be taken equal to 10% of the maximum pressure loss. For heating systems with a water temperature of 105 ° C and above, measures should be taken to prevent water from boiling.
3.28. The pressure difference in the supply and return pipelines at the entrance to the building for the calculation of heating systems in standard projects should be taken as 150 kPa.
When using pumps of a water heating system, it should be calculated taking into account the pressure developed by the pump.
3.29. The equivalent roughness of the inner surface of steel pipes of heating and internal heat supply systems should be taken at least, mm:
for water and steam - 0.2, condensate - 0.5.
With direct connection of internal heating systems industrial buildings to the heat network should be taken at least, mm:
for water and steam - 0.5, condensate - 1.0.
Note. When reconstructing internal heat supply and heating systems using existing pipelines, the equivalent roughness steel pipes should be taken, mm: for water and steam - 0.5, condensate - 1.0.
3.30. The temperature difference of the coolant in the risers (branches) of water heating systems with local heating devices when calculating systems with variable temperature differences should not differ by more than 25% (but not more than 8 ° C) from the calculated temperature difference.
3.31. In single-pipe water heating systems, pressure losses in the risers must be at least 70% of the total pressure losses in the circulation rings, excluding pressure losses in common areas.
In single-pipe systems with a lower supply line and an upper return line, the pressure loss in the risers should be at least 300 Pa per meter of riser height.
In two-pipe vertical and one-pipe horizontal heating systems, pressure losses in the circulation rings through the upper devices (branches) should be taken not less than the natural pressure in them at the design parameters of the coolant.
3.32. The discrepancy between the calculated pressure losses in the risers (branches) of steam heating systems should not exceed 15% for steam pipelines and 10% for condensate pipelines.
3.33. The discrepancy between pressure losses in the circulation rings (excluding pressure losses in common areas) should not exceed 5% for associated and 15% for dead-end piping of water heating systems when calculating with constant temperature differences.
3.34. Pipelines of heating systems should be laid openly; hidden gasket must be justified. In the case of hidden laying of pipelines, hatches should be provided at the locations of collapsible connections and fittings.
3.35. In areas with a design temperature of minus 40 ° C and below (parameters B), the laying of supply and return pipelines of heating systems in the attics of buildings (except for warm attics) and in ventilated undergrounds is not allowed.
3.36. Laying of transit pipelines of heating systems is not allowed through shelter rooms, electrical rooms and pedestrian galleries and tunnels.
In attics, it is allowed to install expansion tanks of heating systems with thermal insulation made of non-combustible materials.
3.37. In heating systems, devices for their emptying should be provided: in buildings with a number of floors of 4 or more, in heating systems with lower wiring in buildings of 2 floors or more and on staircases, regardless of the number of storeys of the building. On each riser, shut-off valves with fittings for connecting hoses should be provided.
Fittings and drainage devices, as a rule, should not be placed in underground channels.
Note. In horizontal heating systems, devices for their emptying should be provided on each floor of a building with any number of floors.
3.38. The risers of steam heating systems, through which the resulting condensate flows against the movement of steam, should be designed with a height of no more than 6 m.
3.39. The slopes of water, steam and condensate pipelines should be taken at least 0.002, and the slope of steam pipelines against the movement of steam - at least 0.006.
It is allowed to lay water pipelines without a slope at a speed of water movement in them of 0.25 m/s or more.
3.40. The distance (in the light) from the surface of pipelines, heaters and air heaters with a heat carrier with a temperature above 105 ° C to the surface of a structure made of combustible materials should be taken at least 100 mm. At a smaller distance, thermal insulation of the surface of this structure from non-combustible materials should be provided.
3.41. Pipelines at the intersection of ceilings, internal walls and partitions should be laid in sleeves made of non-combustible materials; the edges of the sleeves should be flush with the surfaces of walls, partitions and ceilings, but 30 mm above the surface of the finished floor.
The sealing of gaps and openings in the places where pipelines are laid should be provided with non-combustible materials, ensuring the rated fire resistance limit of the fences.
3.42. Laying or crossing in one channel of heating pipelines with pipelines of flammable liquids, vapors and gases with a vapor flash point of 170 ° C or less or aggressive vapors and gases is not allowed.
3.43. Air removal from heating systems with water coolant and from condensate pipelines filled with water should be provided at the upper points, with steam coolant - at the lower points of the condensation gravity pipeline.
In water heating systems, as a rule, flow-through air collectors or taps should be provided. It is allowed to provide non-flowing air collectors at a water velocity in the pipeline of less than 0.1 m/s.
a) sectional or panel single radiators;
b) sectional or panel radiators, paired or single, for rooms in which there is no emission of dust of combustible materials (hereinafter referred to as “combustible dust”). For rooms of category B, in which there is no emission of combustible dust, the use of convectors is allowed;
c) heating appliances made of smooth steel pipes.
3.45. Heating devices in rooms of categories A, B; B should be placed at a distance (clear) of at least 100 mm from the surface of the walls. It is not allowed to place heaters in niches.
3.62. Stove heating may be provided in the buildings specified in the mandatory Appendix 15.
The use of stove heating in cities and urban-type settlements is allowed upon justification.
3.63. Estimated heat losses in the premises should be compensated by the average heat output of heating furnaces: with a periodic firebox - based on two fireboxes per day, and for long-burning stoves - based on a continuous firebox.
Fluctuations in air temperature in rooms with periodic fire should not exceed 3 ° C during the day.
3.64. The maximum surface temperature of furnaces (except for cast-iron flooring, doors and other furnace appliances) should not exceed, ° С:
90 - in the premises of preschool and medical institutions;
110 - in other buildings and premises on the area of the furnace, no more than 15% of the total surface area of \u200b\u200bthe furnace;
120 - the same, on the furnace area not more than 5% of the total surface area of the furnace.
In rooms with temporary stay of people, when installing protective screens, it is allowed to use furnaces with a surface temperature above 120 ° C.
3.65. One stove should be provided for heating no more than three rooms located on the same floor.
3.66. In two-story buildings, it is allowed to provide two-story stoves with separate fireboxes and chimneys for each floor, and for two-story apartments - with one firebox on the first floor. The use of wooden beams in the ceiling between the upper and lower tiers of the furnace is not allowed.
3.67. In the buildings of general education schools, kindergartens, medical institutions, clubs, rest homes and hotels, stoves should be placed so that the fireboxes are serviced from utility rooms or corridors with windows with vents and exhaust ventilation with natural induction.
3.68. In buildings with stove heating are not allowed:
a) an artificially driven exhaust ventilation device that is not compensated by an artificially driven inflow;
6) removal of smoke into the ventilation ducts and installation of ventilation grilles on the smoke ducts.
3.69. Furnaces, as a rule, should be placed near internal walls and partitions made of non-combustible materials, providing for their use for placing smoke channels.
Smoke channels can be placed in external walls made of non-combustible materials, insulated, if necessary, from the outside to prevent moisture condensation from exhaust gases. In the absence of walls in which smoke channels can be placed, wall-mounted or root chimneys should be used to remove smoke.
3.70. For each furnace, as a rule, a separate chimney or channel should be provided (hereinafter referred to as the “chimney”). It is allowed to connect two furnaces located in the same apartment on the same floor to one pipe. When connecting pipes, cuts should be provided with a thickness of 0.12 m and a height of at least 1 m from the bottom of the pipe connection.
DEVELOPED of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor by the Promstroyproekt design institute (PhD B.V. Barkapov), the State Design and Research Institute of Santekhniiproekt of the Gosstroy of Russia (T.I. Sadovskaya) with the participation of the GiproNII Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Dr. E.E. Karpis, M.V. Shuvalova), VNIIPO of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR (Candidate of Technical Sciences I.I. Ilminsky), MNIITEP (Candidate of Technical Sciences M.M. Grudzinsky), Riga Polytechnic Institute ( Candidate of Technical Sciences A.M. Sizov) and the Tyumen Civil Engineering Institute (Candidate of Technical Sciences A.F. Shapoval).INTRODUCED by the Promstroyproekt Institute.
PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Department of Standardization and Technical Norms in Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (V.A.Glukharev).
SNiP 2.04.05-91 * is a reissue of SNiP 2.04.05-91 with change? 1, approved by the decision of the Gosstroy of Russia dated January 21, 1994? 18-3, and change? 2, approved by the decision of the Gosstroy of Russia dated May 15, 1997. ?18-11.
Sections, paragraphs, tables, formulas that have been amended are marked in these building codes and rules with an asterisk.
When using a regulatory document, one should take into account the approved changes in building codes and regulations and state standards published in the Bulletin of Construction Equipment magazine and the State Standards information index of the State Standard of Russia.
Real building codes should be observed when designing heating, ventilation and air conditioning in the premises of buildings and structures (hereinafter referred to as buildings).
The design should also comply with the requirements for heating, ventilation and air conditioning of other normative documents, approved and agreed with the Gosstroy of the USSR (Minstroy of Russia).
These standards do not apply to the design of:
A) heating, ventilation and air conditioning of shelters, structures intended for work with radioactive substances, sources of ionizing radiation; underground mining facilities and premises in which explosives are produced, stored or used;
B) special heating, cooling and dedusting installations and devices for technological and electrical equipment, pneumatic transport systems and vacuum cleaner installations;
C) stove heating on gaseous and liquid fuels. Content:
4. Ventilation, air conditioning and air heating
SNiP 2.04.05-91* - Annex 12. Mandatory. Calculation of heat flow and coolant flow in a water heating system
BUILDING REGULATIONS
UDC (083.74)
DEVELOPED by the Order of the Red Banner of Labor by the Promstroyproekt Design Institute (PhD B.V. Barkalov), the State Design and Research Institute of Santekhniiproekt of the Gosstroy of Russia (T.I. Sadovskaya) with the participation of the GiproNII Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Dr. E.E. Karpis, M.V. Shuvalova), VNIIPO of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR (Candidate of Technical Sciences I.I. Ilminsky), MNIITEP (Candidate of Technical Sciences M.M. Grudzinsky). Riga Polytechnic Institute (Candidate of Technical Sciences A.M. Sizov) and Tyumen Civil Engineering Institute (Candidate of Technical Sciences A.F. Shapoval).
INTRODUCED by the Promstroyproekt Institute.
PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Office of Standardization and Technical Norms in Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (V.A. Glukharev).
SNiP 2.04.05-91* is a reissue of SNiP 2.04.05-91 with Amendment No. 1, approved by Resolution No. 18-3 of the Gosstroy of Russia of January 21, 1994, and Amendment No. 2, approved by Resolution of the Gosstroy of Russia of May 15, 1997. No. 18-11.
When using a regulatory document, one should take into account the approved changes in building codes and regulations and state standards published in the Bulletin of Construction Equipment magazine and the State Standards information index of the State Standard of Russia.
These building codes should be observed when designing heating, ventilation and air conditioning in the premises of buildings and structures (hereinafter referred to as "buildings").
When designing, one should also comply with the requirements for heating, ventilation and air conditioning of other regulatory documents approved and agreed with the USSR Gosstroy (Minstroy of Russia).
These standards do not apply to the design of:
a) heating, ventilation and air conditioning of shelters, structures intended for work with radioactive substances, sources of ionizing radiation: underground mining facilities and premises in which explosives are produced, stored or used;
b) special heating, cooling and dedusting installations and devices for technological and electrical equipment of pneumatic transport systems and vacuum cleaner installations;
c) stove heating on gaseous and liquid fuels.
DEVELOPED by the Order of the Red Banner of Labor by the Promstroyproekt Design Institute (PhD B.V. Barkalov), the State Design and Research Institute of Santekhniiproekt of the Gosstroy of Russia (T.I. Sadovskaya) with the participation of the GiproNII Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Dr. E.E. Karpis, M.V. Shuvalova), VNIIPO USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs (PhD I.I. Ilminsky), MNIITEP (Ph.D. M.M. Grudzinsky), Riga Polytechnic Institute ( Candidate of Technical Sciences A.M. Sizov) and the Tyumen Civil Engineering Institute (Candidate of Technical Sciences A.F. Shapoval).
INTRODUCED by the Promstroyproekt Institute.
PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Office of Standardization and Technical Norms in Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (V.A. Glukharev).
SNiP 2.04.05-91* is a reissue of SNiP 2.04.05-91 with Amendment No. 1, approved by Resolution No. 18-3 of the Gosstroy of Russia of January 21, 1994, and Amendment No. 2, approved by Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia of May 15, 1997. No. 18-11.
Amendment No. 3 approved by the Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia No. 137 of 10.22.02 was introduced.
Sections, paragraphs, tables, formulas that have been amended are marked in these building codes and rules with an asterisk.
When using a regulatory document, one should take into account the approved changes in building codes and regulations and state standards published in the Bulletin of Construction Equipment magazine and the State Standards information index of the State Standard of Russia.
These building codes should be observed when designing heating, ventilation and air conditioning in the premises of buildings and structures (hereinafter referred to as "buildings").
When designing, one should also comply with the requirements for heating, ventilation and air conditioning of other regulatory documents approved and agreed with the USSR Gosstroy (Minstroy of Russia).
These standards do not apply to the design of:
a) heating, ventilation and air conditioning of shelters, structures intended for work with radioactive substances, sources of ionizing radiation; underground mining facilities and premises in which explosives are produced, stored or used;
b) special heating, cooling and dedusting installations and devices for technological and electrical equipment of pneumatic transport systems and vacuum cleaner installations;
c) stove heating on gaseous and liquid fuels.
1. General ProvisionsBUILDING REGULATIONS
UDC (083.74)
DEVELOPED by the Order of the Red Banner of Labor by the Promstroyproekt Design Institute (PhD B.V. Barkalov), the State Design and Research Institute of Santekhniiproekt of the Gosstroy of Russia (T.I. Sadovskaya) with the participation of the GiproNII Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Dr. E.E. Karpis, M.V. Shuvalova), VNIIPO of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR (Candidate of Technical Sciences I.I. Ilminsky), MNIITEP (Candidate of Technical Sciences M.M. Grudzinsky). Riga Polytechnic Institute (Candidate of Technical Sciences A.M. Sizov) and Tyumen Civil Engineering Institute (Candidate of Technical Sciences A.F. Shapoval).
INTRODUCED by the Promstroyproekt Institute.
PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Office of Standardization and Technical Norms in Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (V.A. Glukharev).
SNiP 2.04.05-91* is a reissue of SNiP 2.04.05-91 with Amendment No. 1, approved by Resolution No. 18-3 of the Gosstroy of Russia of January 21, 1994, and Amendment No. 2, approved by Resolution of the Gosstroy of Russia of May 15, 1997. No. 18-11.
Sections, paragraphs, tables, formulas that have been amended are marked in these building codes and rules with an asterisk.
When using a regulatory document, one should take into account the approved changes in building codes and regulations and state standards published in the journal "bBulletin of Construction Equipment” and the information index “Government Standards” of Gosstandart of Russia.
These building codes should be observed when designing heating, ventilation and air conditioning in the premises of buildings and structures (hereinafter referred to as "buildings").
When designing, one should also comply with the requirements for heating, ventilation and air conditioning of other regulatory documents approved and agreed with the USSR Gosstroy (Minstroy of Russia).
These standards do not apply to the design of:
a) heating, ventilation and air conditioning of shelters, structures intended for work with radioactive substances, sources of ionizing radiation: underground mining facilities and premises in which explosives are produced, stored or used;
b) special heating, cooling and dedusting installations and devices for technological and electrical equipment of pneumatic transport systems and vacuum cleaner installations;
c) stove heating on gaseous and liquid fuels.
1.1. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning projects should include technical solutions that provide:
a) normalized meteorological conditions and air purity in the serviced area of residential, public, as well as administrative and amenity buildings of enterprises (hereinafter referred to as "administrative and amenity buildings");
b) normalized meteorological conditions and air purity in the working area of production, laboratory and storage (hereinafter referred to as "production") premises in buildings of any purpose;
c) standardized noise and vibration levels from the operation of equipment and heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, except for emergency ventilation systems and smoke protection systems, for which, during operation or testing in accordance with GOST 12.1.003-83 * in the premises where this equipment is installed, allow noise no more than 110 dBA, and with impulse noise no more than 125 dBA;
d) maintainability of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems;
e) explosion and fire safety of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems.
The projects should provide for the number of personnel for the operation of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems.
1.2. In projects for the reconstruction and technical re-equipment of existing enterprises, residential, public and administrative buildings, the existing heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems should be used in the feasibility study if they meet the requirements of the standards.
1.3. Heating and ventilation equipment, pipelines and air ducts located in rooms with an aggressive environment, as well as designed to remove air with an aggressive environment, should be provided from anti-corrosion materials or with protective coatings against corrosion.
1.4. Hot surfaces of heating and ventilation equipment, pipelines and air ducts located in rooms where they create a danger of ignition of gases, vapors, aerosols or dust should be insulated, providing for a temperature on the surface of the heat-insulating structure that is at least 20% lower than their auto-ignition temperature.
Note. If it is not technically possible to reduce the temperature of the insulation surface to the specified level, heating and ventilation equipment, pipelines and air ducts should not be placed in these rooms.
1.5. Thermal insulation structures should be designed in accordance with SNiP 2.04.14-88.
1.6. Heating and ventilation non-standardized equipment, air ducts and heat-insulating structures should be provided from materials approved for use in construction.
