Types of houses in St. Petersburg: brick houses of the 1-528kp series (Khrushchev)

brick residential buildings series 1-528kp of St. Petersburg, Khrushchev

Brick residential buildings of the 1-528kp series were erected as in Leningrad region, and in St. Petersburg itself (at that time Leningrad). Serial configurations of buildings are the following varieties: houses with 3 front doors and 60 apartments; houses with 4 front doors and 80 apartments; houses with 5 front doors and 100 apartments. At one time, brick series were very actively built in the suburbs of Leningrad and were very popular.
The specificity of the metropolis is such that most of the residential buildings erected there consist of block structures or panels, which is why, due to some of its advantages, brick houses in big city are always in demand. However, such demand cannot always be justified, since brick houses no longer have such reliability and new infrastructure.

The nomenclature of the 1-528kp series contains at least two dozen varieties that have different number of storeys: from 2 to 5 floors, and also differ from each other in the number of front doors from 2 to 8 front doors per house. The brick series 1-528kp was once built at a rapid pace, mainly in the suburbs of Leningrad, but there are quite a few such houses today in St. Petersburg itself.

The features of the 1-528kp series are: high-quality parquet floors, paneled doors and well-fitted wooden window frames. And although the houses of this series have higher ceilings, which are 2m 70cm, - living space and the layout betrays their origin. The apartments have relatively small kitchens and hallways, and the disadvantage of this series is the presence of several adjacent rooms.

Balconies are an advantage, but five-story houses often have bay windows instead. The front rooms have 20 apartments, in the suburbs there are fewer apartments in the front door and the number of floors is 3 and 4-story versions.

Possible layouts of sections of brick houses of the 1-528kp series

Brick has always been a strategic material in construction. In pre-revolutionary St. Petersburg, houses were built from it, which today we call the old fund, in Leningrad - Stalin. Even during the years of mass construction of new districts with Khrushchev and Brezhnevka houses, almost a fifth of the commissioned residential buildings were brick. More than half of them were standard "serial" buildings, mainly the 528th series. But buildings were also erected according to individual projects.

Today, almost every fifth seller of an apartment in the secondary market designates the type of house as "brick." In most cases, we are talking about houses of "pre-market" construction, since, starting from the 1990s, mainly brick-monolithic houses were built in our city. According to the Center for Research and Analytics of the Bulletin Nedvizhimosti Group of Companies, for last year apartments in brick houses in the secondary market went up by 8.5% (for comparison: prices for apartments in the categories - leaders in price growth, in the "old panel" and "new panel", over the same period increased by 10.5 and 10% respectively .7%).

The most affordable apartments in brick houses of the Soviet period of construction are in suburban five-story buildings of the 528th series. Here prices start at 2.6 million rubles. (they are almost the same as in panel Khrushchevs). In urban areas, pricing is more complex, and prices are more dependent on location and surrounding infrastructure than on the type of home. But in general square meter apartments in a "serial" brick house are estimated at sale by about 8-10% higher than in a panel house - a similar layout and the same period of construction.

Rationing versus individuality

The definition of "individual project" in relation to the buildings of the Brezhnev period is too loud. Among those during the period of mass housing standardization, one can single out new construction projects in areas of pre-revolutionary development, brick “insert houses” in areas built up by “ships”, as well as multi-access houses along main highways.

In the early 1970s, a unified catalog of building parts appeared, designed to put housing construction on stream. Never before in the world practice rationing in housing construction was not so massive and merciless. Therefore, brick houses of that period differed from panel houses only in the material of the outer walls. They had the same elements of the "building designer" - standard window and door blocks, reinforced concrete floors and flights of stairs, as in panel houses, as well as modest-sized kitchens and ceilings of 2.5 m. But the massive walls "ate" the already limited space. Therefore, with the same planning volumes, living quarters in brick houses sometimes turned out to be cramped and narrower than in panel houses.

But there are no rules without exceptions. In the first half of the 1970s, when aerated concrete “ship” houses began to be designed, block-sectional design principles came into practice, and the pace of designing typical corner sections lagged behind urban planning plans. Therefore, between the houses of the "six hundredth" series, brick "insert houses" were erected. And if there was a need to connect panel buildings at an oblique angle, apartments of non-standard layouts with spacious kitchens up to 16 square meters appeared in them. m and rooms up to 24 sq. m trapezoidal shapes or with five corners.

Brick five-story buildings on individual projects in the 1970s were actively built in the suburbs. Among these buildings there are housing construction houses with ceilings of 2.7 m, wide loggias with two windows, as well as mainly three- and four-room apartments. They were erected for the “northerners” who dreamed of moving to Leningrad by the time they retired and were already “stocking up” with cooperative apartments.

"Serial" brick: from two to sixteen floors

Today, many Petersburgers can proudly say that they live in a brick house of the 528th series. But speaking of the most mass-produced series of houses made of ceramic or silicate bricks, consumers mean the most diverse in terms of construction period, layout, and architecture of a house from two to sixteen floors. After all, the 528th series was built from the mid-1950s to the end of the 1990s and survived four generations of panel houses.

In the "Khrushchev" period, brick houses of the 1-528KP, 1-527 and 1-528KNP series, developed by LenZNIIEP for the northern climatic zone, were built in Leningrad. Such residential buildings are found in almost all districts of St. Petersburg (even in Petrograd and Central), as well as in the suburbs (Pushkin, Pavlovsk). Arrays of five-story buildings of the 528th series are also located in the prestigious "Stalinist" quarters adjacent to Stachek Avenue, near the metro stations "Moskovskaya", "Park Pobedy", "Chernaya Rechka".

In St. Petersburg, the 528th series is mainly five-story houses, but in the suburbs there are two-, three- and four-story houses. The high ceilings (height of the living quarters is 2.7 m), as well as bay windows, indicate that the design began even before Khrushchev's campaign to combat architectural "excesses". In later houses, the ceilings were “lowered” to 2.5 m. In one-room apartments, there are adjacent bathrooms, and bathtubs in such houses are of all sizes - from 120 cm seated to full-size 170 cm. At the same time, there are apartments with both gas water heaters and and with centralized hot water supply.

Series 1-528KNP - modification 1-528KP for rural areas. In St. Petersburg, such houses (from two to four floors) are most often found in the territories of state farms and small settlements absorbed by the city.

Selected (current) region - St. Petersburg (SPb) city

The highest quality are houses with exterior walls made of bricks (series 1-528). Brick series 1-528kp, active was built in the suburbs of Leningrad and in Leningrad itself. The nomenclature includes more than two dozen modifications of different heights from two to five, as well as the number of front doors from two to eight. Features: high-quality parquet, paneled doors and well-fitted window frames. But although here the higher ceilings (2.7m) areas and layouts betray their origin. Small kitchens and hallways, the presence of several adjacent rooms.

Characteristics of the 1-528kp series:
Type of house - brick
Floors - 2-5
Height of living quarters - 250 cm
Apartments - 1,2,3 rooms
Producer - local building materials
Years of construction - 1959-1975.
Distribution cities - St. Petersburg and the region, Veliki Novgorod.

Modifications of this series:

• 1-528kp10

"The main modification of the 1-528KP series". Most houses of the house have balconies, but sometimes, five-story houses have bay windows instead. There are 4 apartments on each floor. There are a lot of serial configurations. Color - usually gray with red patches.

Serial configurations:

• 1-528kp: 2 floors, 2 front rooms and 16 apartments;
• 1-528knp-21: 3 floors, 2 front rooms and 24 apartments;
• 1-528knp: 3.3-1.3 floors, 3 front and 28 apartments with a non-residential ground floor in the outer sections;
• 1-528knp-22: 3 floors, 3 front rooms and 36 apartments;
• 1-528knp-22: 3 floors, 3 front rooms and 36 apartments with one end without balconies;
• 1-528knp-22: 3 floors, 3 front rooms and 36 apartments with one blind end;
• 1-528kp-11: 4 floors, 2 front rooms and 32 apartments;
• 1-528kp: 4-1 floor, 3 front doors and 40 apartments; with non-residential premises on the ground floor;
• 1-528kp-12t: 4-1 floor, 3 front doors and 44 apartments; with non-residential premises on the ground floor;
• 1-528kp-12: 4 floors, 3 front rooms and 48 apartments;
• 1-528kp-12: 4 floors, 3 front rooms and 48 apartments with one end without balconies;
• 1-528kp-13: 4 floors, 4 front rooms and 64 apartments;
• 1-528kp: 4 floors, 6 front rooms and 96 apartments;
• 1-528kp-1: 5 floors, 2 front rooms and 40 apartments;
• 1-528kp-2m: 5 floors, 3 front rooms and 56 apartments with non-residential premises on the first floor in the outer front doors;
• 1-528kp-2: 5 floors, 3 front rooms and 60 apartments with balconies;
• 1-528kp-2e: 5 floors, 3 front rooms and 60 apartments with bay windows;
• 1-528kp-3yu: 5-1 floor, 4 front and 64 apartments with non-residential premises on the ground floor;
• 1-528kp-3yu: 5-1 floor, 4 front and 64 apartments with non-residential premises on the ground floor and large front windows;
• 1-528kp: 5.5-1 floor, 4 front and 72 apartments with non-residential premises on the first floor in the middle part of the building;
• 1-528kp: 5 floors, 4 front rooms and 60 apartments with modified facades and ends;
• 1-528kp: 5 floors, 4 front rooms and 76 apartments with non-residential premises on the ground floor in the outer front rooms;
• 1-528kp-3: 5 floors, 4 front rooms and 80 apartments with balconies;
• 1-528kp-3: 5 floors, 4 front rooms and 80 apartments with large front windows with balconies;
• 1-528kp-3e: 5 floors, 4 front rooms and 80 apartments with bay windows;
• 1-528kp: 5 floors, 4 front rooms and 80 apartments with small apartments (with bay windows and balconies);
• 1-528kp: 5 floors, 4 front rooms and 80 apartments with small apartments (with balconies);
• 1-528kp: 5 floors, 4 front rooms and 80 apartments with balconies for the entire facade and window frames without vents (built after 1972);
• 1-528kp-5e: 5 floors, 5 front rooms and 100 apartments;
• 1-528kp-5: 5 floors, 5 front rooms and 100 apartments (with balconies);
• 1-528kp-5: 5 floors, 5 front rooms and 100 apartments with large front windows (with balconies);
• 1-528kp-59: 5 floors, 5 front rooms and 100 apartments with balconies for the entire facade and window frames without vents (built after 1972);
• 1-528kp-4: 5 floors, 5 front rooms and 100 apartments with a reduced 3rd front door;
• 1-528kp-4: 5 floors, 5 front rooms and 100 apartments with a reduced 3rd front door (with balconies);
• 1-528kp: 5 floors, 5 front rooms and 100 apartments with a reduced 3rd front door (with balconies for two rooms and with different ends);
• 1-528kp-10e: 5 floors, 5 front rooms and 100 apartments with small apartments (with bay windows and balconies);
• 1-528kp: 5 floors, 5 front rooms and 100 apartments with small apartments (with balconies);
• 1-528kp: 5 floors, 5 front rooms and 100 apartments with small apartments, modified;
• 1-528kp: 5.5-1.5 floors, 6 front doors and 112 apartments;
• 1-528kp: 5 floors, 6 front rooms and 120 apartments;
• 1-528kp: 5 floors, 6 front rooms and 120 apartments (with balconies);
• 1-528kp-6e: 5 floors, 7 front rooms and 139 apartments with small apartments;
• 1-528kp: 5-1 floor, 8 front and 128 apartments with non-residential premises on the ground floor;
• 1-528kp: 5 floors, 8 front rooms and 159 apartments;
• 1300: 5 floors, dorms;
• 1-528kp: 5 floors, non-standard configurations;
• 1-528kp: 6 floors, 3 or 4 front doors;
• 1-528kp (front) "Front" modification of the 1-528KP series. Floors - always 5-1 (the first floor is given over to shops). The balconies on the rear facade are L-shaped and are located only at the corners of the house. Such houses usually stand on major highways and on this side of the house, and stand on such streets. The color is a cross between gray and pink.

• 1-528kp-3b: 5-1 floors, 4 front and 64 apartments with large front windows and no balconies on the facades;
• 1-528kp-3b: 5-1 floors, 4 front and 64 apartments with large front windows, with balconies on the front facade and at the ends;
• 1-528kp-3bs: 5-1 floors, 4 front and 64 apartments with front windows on the rear facade and with balconies on the front facade;
• 1-528kp-3s: 5-1 floor, 4 front and 64 apartments with front windows on the rear facade and with balconies on both facades;
• 1-528kp-5b: 5-1 floors, 5 front and 80 with large front windows and with L-shaped balconies only in the rear facade;
• 1-528kp: 5-1 floors, 5 front and 80 apartments with large front windows, with balconies on the front facade and on the ends;
• 1-528kp-5bs: 5-1 floor, 5 front and 80 with front windows on the rear facade and with balconies on both facades;

List of houses of the series in the region St. Petersburg (SPb) city:

Zaporizhzhya - 15, Zaporizhzhya - 7, Zaporizhzhya - 9, Piskarevsky - 143, Zheleznovodskaya - 35, Canary - 12, Bering - 26k2, Kartashikhina - 15, Zheleznovodskaya - 44, Zheleznovodskaya - 48, Zheleznovodskaya - 52, Zheleznovodskaya - 31, Zheleznovodskaya - 56, Pulkovskoe - 34k1, Novorossiysk - 46 k.1, Kostroma - 57, Orbeli - 12, Torez - 90, Metallurgists - 13, School - 1, School - 8, School - 6, School - 4, School - 2, School - 11, School - 14, School - 12, School - 10, Stachek - 118, Kazan (Malaya Okhta) - 7,

The best quality houses are those with brick exterior walls. The brick series 1-528kp was actively built in the suburbs of Leningrad and in Leningrad itself. Found in every part of the city. You can find these houses in the Petrogradsky district. Most of them are in the Vyborgsky, Vasileostrovsky and Pushkinsky districts of St. Petersburg.
There are more than 300 houses in total. The nomenclature includes more than two dozen modifications of different heights from two to five, as well as the number of front doors from two to eight. Features: high-quality parquet, paneled doors and well-fitted window frames. But although here the higher ceilings (2.7m) areas and layouts betray their origin. Small kitchens and hallways, the presence of several adjacent rooms. The load-bearing walls of the house are longitudinal. In 1959 work was carried out to adjust the projects, as a result of which the adjusted projects received the KP index. The letters "K" in the codes of this project means "brick", "B" - balconies, "E" - "with bay windows", "C" - "with built-in social facilities on the ground floor", "M" - " with built-in shops on the ground floor. In a typical house of the 1-528KP series, the kitchen area was 5.1-6.6 square meters. m, living rooms - 8.6-19.1 sq. m. The total area of ​​​​a 1-room apartment is 30-32 square meters. m, 2-room apartment - 42-45 sq. m, 3-room - 52-55 sq. m. The apartments are only one-sided, 2- and 3-room apartments - with walk-through rooms.
The developer of the series is Lenproekt, 1957, architect N. I. Yakker.

Characteristics of the 1-528kp series:
House type - brick
Floors - 2-5
Height of living quarters - 250 cm
Apartments - 1,2,3 rooms
Producer - local building materials
Years of construction - 1959-1975
Distribution cities - St. Petersburg and the region, Veliki Novgorod.