Account 99 "Profits and losses" is intended to summarize information on the formation of the final financial result of the organization's activities in the reporting year.
The final financial result (net profit or net loss) is made up of the financial result from ordinary activities, as well as other income and expenses. The debit of account 99 "Profits and losses" reflects losses (losses, expenses), and the credit - profits (income) of the organization. Comparison of debit and credit turnover for reporting period shows the final financial result of the reporting period.
On account 99 "Profits and losses" during the reporting year are reflected:
balance of other income and expenses for the reporting month - in correspondence with score 91"Other income and expenses";
the amount of accrued contingent income tax expense, permanent liabilities and payments for recalculations of this tax from actual profit, as well as the amount of tax sanctions due - in correspondence with score 68"Calculations on taxes and fees".
At the end of the reporting year, when compiling the annual financial statements, account 99 "Profit and Loss" is closed. At the same time, the final entry in December, the amount of net profit (loss) of the reporting year is debited from account 99 "Profit and Loss" on credit (debit) accounts 84 "Undestributed profits(uncovered loss)".
Building analytical accounting on account 99 "Profit and Loss" should ensure the formation of the data necessary for compiling a profit and loss statement.
| by debit | on credit |
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01 Fixed assets 03 Profitable investments in material assets 07 Equipment for installation 08 Investments in non-current assets 10 Materials 11 Raised and fattened animals 16 Deviation in the value of material assets 19 Value added tax on acquired valuables 20 Main production 21 Semi-finished products of own production 23 Ancillary industries 25 General production expenses 26 General business 28 Manufacturing defects 29 Service 41 Items 43 Finished products 44 Selling expenses 45 Goods shipped 50 Checkout 51 Settlement accounts 52 Currency accounts 58 Financial investments 68 Calculations for taxes and fees 69 Social security payments 70 Settlements with personnel for 71 Settlements with accountable 73 Settlements with personnel for 76 Settlements with different 79 On-farm 84 Retained earnings 90 Sales 91 Other income and expenses 97 Deferred expenses |
10 Materials 50 Checkout 51 Settlement accounts 52 Currency accounts 55 Special bank accounts 60 Settlements with suppliers and contractors 73 Settlements with personnel for other transactions 76 Settlements with various debtors and creditors 79 On-farm settlements 84 Retained earnings (uncovered loss) 90 Sales 91 Other income and expenses 94 Shortfalls and losses from damage to valuables 96 Provisions for future expenses Production and household expenses Insurance and ensuring payment of labor by persons Other operations Debtors and creditors Settlements (uncovered loss) |
Chart of accounts application: account 99
Account 99 "Profits and losses" during the reporting year are reflected along with profit and losses ... statements annual report are reflected on account 99 "Profit and Loss" in correspondence with ... account 69. At the same time, in accordance with paragraph ... with Regulation N 34n and the Instruction - on account 99 "Profit and Loss", or in accordance with ... in accordance with the Recommendation , or on account 91 ...
Account 99 "Profits and losses" in correspondence with account 68 "Calculations on taxes and ... account 99 "Profits and losses" in correspondence with account 68 "Calculations on taxes and ... minus those due from profits established in accordance with ... application (hereinafter referred to as the Chart of Accounts and Instructions) approved by order of the Ministry of Finance ... account 99 "Profit and Loss" in correspondence with account 68 "Tax Calculations and ... Accounting Procedure (on account 91 or account 99) economic entities...
The corresponding CGT member on account 99 “Profit and Loss” in correspondence with account 78 “Settlements with...) and is taken into account when determining the net profit (loss) of the organization (not participating in the formation of profit (loss) of the organization ... before tax). 5. Information about account balances 78 ... tax base KGN is written off to account 99 “Profit and Loss” in the reporting period preceding the period ...
The result is reflected in account 99 "Profit and loss". The specified account also reflects amounts ... from the amount of accounting profit received for the reporting period and the current tax rate ...). Further, regardless of the amount of taxable profit (loss), the organization’s accounting records ... profit determined on the basis of accounting profit (loss) and recognized for the purposes of PBU 18 ... in accounting on the debit of account 99 "Profit and Losses" ( sub-account...
Account 99 "Profits and losses" in correspondence with account 68 "Calculations for taxes and ... period, minus those due from profits established in accordance with the law ... for its application (hereinafter referred to as the Chart of Accounts and Instructions), approved by order The Ministry of Finance of Russia ... account 99 "Profit and Loss" in correspondence with account 68 "Tax calculations and ... a specific accounting procedure (on account 91 or account 99) is recommended to economic entities independently ...
Profit, it is reflected in the debit of account 99 “Profits and losses” and credit 96 “Reserves for future expenses ... etc.), as well as tax sanctions on them are reflected in the debit of account 99 “Profits and losses ...”. Fines and penalties paid by the taxpayer or ... are reflected in the expense accounts, account 99 is not used. Accordingly, in the report on ... profit for social purposes, the development of production, etc. does not change the balance of the account ...
Separate) book of accounting for income and expenses of organizations and individual entrepreneurs applying the simplified taxation system ... profit and loss accounts and distribution (direction) based on the decision of the founders of the amount of net profit ... . That is, the JSC closes account 99 "Profit and Losses", ... distributes, based on the decision of the founders, the amounts of net profit and ... in the book of income and expenses of organizations and individual entrepreneurs using ...
Providing financing services to Clients at the expense of Investors. OSNO - classic ... as of the date of accounting for the goods and receipt of the invoice 68 / VAT (... instruction Balance sheet Account / sub-account Debit Credit Balance ... expenses) 99 (profit and loss) 0 Recognition of income, expenses from ancillary activities 99 (profit and loss) 68/ ... as of the date of accounting for the goods and receipt of invoice 68/VAT (... as of the date of accounting for goods and receipt of invoice 68/VAT (...
The account in the records is the account for accounting for retained earnings (uncovered loss), that is, account 84 “Retained earnings ... “Cost of sales” of account 90; Debit account 99 "Profit and loss", Credit account 90 "Sales", ... "Profit and loss"; Debit of account 84 "Retained earnings (uncovered loss)", Credit of account 99 "Profit and loss" - ... 500,000 rubles. - Adjusted the amount of net profit. B... based on basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share (if...
... (hereinafter - PBU 9/99) and PBU 10/99 "Organization's expenses" ... (hereinafter - PBU 10/99). A specific methodology for maintaining separate accounting ... hereinafter - the Chart of Accounts)). Based on the Chart of Accounts overhead and commercial expenses of trading ... (clause 21 PBU 4/99 "Accounting statements of the organization" ... (hereinafter - PBU 4/99)). Income and expenses of the organization are reflected in ... RAS 4/99). A more detailed specification of income and expenses is made ... different from general order accounting for profit and loss. For example, maintaining a separate ...
Period 99 “Profit or Loss” (90 “Sales” - when using such an account) 20 (other accounts) Pay ... directly related to the acquisition, construction and manufacture of an item of property, plant and equipment, are included ... household inventory at a time in ... accounts 20 (other accounts for accounting for production costs - when used) and a credit of accounts ... settlements with counterparties, payroll personnel, etc. ...
Non-operating income taken into account when taxing profits, the Ministry of Finance of Russia recognizes the possibility of simultaneous ... with paragraph 2 of PBU 9/99 "Income of the organization" ... (hereinafter - PBU 9/99), an increase in economic income is recognized as income of the organization ... (p. 8 PBU 9/99), which are accepted for accounting ... organizations "(hereinafter - PBU 10/99), the organization's expenses are recognized as a decrease in economic ... production stocks involves the attribution of losses to the account of the perpetrators and only in that ...
In particular, interest, forfeit, compensation for losses caused by delay in performance, and ... losses caused as a result of this event in the insured property (pay ... pledged property when taxing profits. Therefore, there is a risk that ... pledged property when taxing profits in full ... in particular interest, penalties, compensation for damages caused by delay in performance, and ... 99). The cost of materials specified in the pledge agreement and reflected earlier on the off-balance account ...
Accounting for expenses is regulated by PBU 10/99 "Expenses of the organization". According to p. ... . Paragraph 8 of PBU 10/99 defines the grouping of expenses by ordinary ... a direct instruction in PBU 10/99 to attribute depreciation to ... expenses disclosed expenses financed by state assistance. True, these are not ... rules for classifying expenses. Pursuant to paragraphs 99-105 of IAS 1, “… vary in frequency, potential for profit or loss and predictability. This analysis is...
Reassessment of the object of property to the account of accounting for retained earnings (uncovered loss) of the organization upon disposal ... a possible markdown will have to be carried out at the expense of retained earnings. Moreover, it may be... accounting entry on the debit of account 83 and credit of account 02 “Depreciation of fixed assets ... sales as part of final turnover 99 91-9 4 139.91 ... at the expense of authorized capital or profit. According to the author, replenishment and expenditure operations...
Accounting accounts are designed to record all monetary transactions in them. In this review, 99 Profit and Loss account will be considered in detail. The reader will learn about what functions it performs, whether it can have its own categories, how to work with it and close it. The information is accompanied by examples that help to better understand the topic.
Each company works to achieve the main goal - increasing profits. The financial result is the sum of all income from each type of activity. For or services, you will need to invest money, but how profitable it will be in the reporting period will become known after summarizing all the information on cash costs and receipts. This is what account 99 is intended for, which can reflect:
According to the instructions, the account in question has no categories. The accountant can independently create them, taking into account the requirements of the enterprise (analysis, control, reporting). In this regard, for example, such a system can be introduced:
The last three sub-accounts may have debit and credit balances. You can also open the category 99/9 " Net profit or loss”, which will show the amount of receipts (deductions) received for the reporting period.
99 account can interact on debit with different categories:
The debit of account 99 reflects the losses of the enterprise on different types activities. Examples can be seen in the table.
Damage to installation equipment due to unpredictable events (fire, hurricane, natural disaster, etc.). |
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Deferred tax assets are written off. |
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The main production costs for canceled orders are charged to losses. |
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The amount of VAT on the MC (tangible assets) has been written off. |
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Losses in production due to unpredictable events. |
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Reflection of costs from marriage. |
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Finished product loss. |
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Calculation of income tax. |
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Damage from canceled orders charged to loss |
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Identification of the balance of insurance premiums. |
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The amounts intended for deductions to the preventive measures fund have been determined. |
Account 99 “Profit and Loss” interacts on a loan with the following categories:
The table provides some examples to help you understand what kind of credit transaction account 99 may have, reflecting the profit (income) of the company.
Identification of excess materials. |
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Receipt to the cashier of income from unexpected situations. |
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Profit accrual. |
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Attribution of the excess amount intended for the repair of fixed assets to the results of the reporting period. Such an exception is provided for in some enterprises. |
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Reflection of the financial result from intermediary activities (the credit of account 99 characterizes income). |
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Write-off of profits from the main activities of the organization. |
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Identification of balances of insurance reserves. |
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The closing entry of the last month in the reporting period, which writes off the amount of the net loss. |
The result of the company's activities in monetary terms is reflected when comparing debit and credit turnover. In this regard, it is required to close some accounting accounts (99, 90, 91). In conditions modern productions it is very important to correctly define and economically justify the procedure in question. For the competent performance of tasks, a specialist must be guided by a special rule. First of all, you should close the accounts of industries and companies with the largest number customers receiving the least number of counter services, and in the opposite situation - in the latter (the maximum of services and the minimum of buyers).
The operation in question is carried out according to the following algorithm:
The final completion of the procedure is carried out by gradually winding down distribution and expenditure accounts. This allows you to create a preliminary working balance that reflects the real financial situation of the organization.
Knowing all the distinctive features that the 99 Profit and Loss account has, young professionals will be able to understand all the features accounting. Do not forget about PBU, as well as legal reference systems, without which the legal activity of enterprises is impossible.
Savings account 99 in accounting is practically used in order to generate information about the financial results of any company, regardless of its legal status or industry sector. Generalization of data is carried out for a certain reporting period for all types of activities - main and additional. Consider what is reflected in the 99th account and in what order.
the main objective commercial organization is to make a profit. At the same time, each business operation affects the amount of income and expenses, and account 99 “Profits and losses” is used for the consolidated accumulation of information. For the whole year, it accumulates information on:
99 accounting account - this is the last step on the way to the reformation of the balance sheet. The final posting resets the balances by transferring the resulting amounts to the account. 84 . And also business transactions on account 99 reflect the write-off (recording) of losses (surpluses) of inventories and fixed assets received in emergency or force majeure circumstances (emergencies, natural disasters, wars, etc.).
It should be noted that account 99, a characteristic contained in Order No. 94n dated October 31, 00, can be grouped in a different way, taking into account the analytical needs of the organization and the nuances of filling out reliable and complete accounting.
99 accounting account is an active-passive accounting account. Credit 99 of the account shows the formation of profits and all kinds of income, corresponding with accounts - 90, 91, 84, , , , etc. And the debit of 99 accounts shows the receipt of losses and various expenses, corresponding with accounts - 01, 03, 10, , 07 , , 20, 29, , 28, , , , , , 84, 91, 90, etc.
The incoming or outgoing credit balance on account 99 means the excess of revenue over expenditure, therefore, making a profit by the company. When the balance is reflected in the debit of account 99, it means that the amount of expenses for the period turned out to be more income and the result was a loss. Thus, the balance of 99 accounts on debit indicates a loss, and on a loan - a profit.
Note! 99 account in the balance sheet is not directly reflected, but only after the reformation of balances. In this case, the total amount from the account. 99 is written off to debit or credit account. 84, and then from account 84, the balance on December 31 is entered in line 1370 of the balance sheet.
To better understand what the 99 credit account means and what financial result the debit of the account 99 shows, we will give a typical example from the activities of the enterprise.
Suppose a trading company is engaged in the sale of equipment. In December, electrical goods were sold for 354,000 rubles, including VAT 18% 54,000 rubles. In addition, the organization provides a one-time lease of premises, the amount of the rent amounted to 23,600 rubles, including VAT 3,600 rubles. Let's assume that there were no other transactions for the period, the cost of goods sold is 260,000 rubles, and since December is the final month, the balance is reformed at the same time.
The accountant will post as follows:
- D 90 K 99 for 40,000 rubles. – generated profit from trading activities at the end of the month. In this case, the answer to the question: Credit 99 accounts - profit or loss? unequivocally - profit.
- D 62 K 91.1 for 23600 rubles. - reported rental income.
- D 91.2 K 68.2 for 3600 rubles. - allocated for rent VAT.
- D 91 K 99 for 20,000 rubles. - generated rental income for the month.
- D account 99 09 K 84 for 60,000 rubles. – at the end of the year, the balance sheet was reformed: the revealed profit was included in the financial result for previous periods.
Conclusion - we found out that account 99 “Profit and Loss” is active-passive and is intended for the accountant to determine the amount of profit or loss received by the enterprise during the reporting period. At the end of the reporting period, this account has no balance, since it is reset to zero through the reformation by writing off amounts to the account. 84.
AT modern world can not imagine activities of the enterprise without accounting. Correct reporting allows you to have a clear idea of the company's activities, understand it weak sides and hidden opportunities, thereby improving its efficiency, increasing income, as well as reaching a new level of business.
The end result of any business is profit. Profit is the difference between and the costs of producing goods or services, is the most important indicator for understanding financial independence companies. Laws Russian Federation in the field of accounting, it is determined that the reflection of profit should be carried out on 99 count Chart of accounts.
Regardless of the type of occupation of the enterprise and the form of education, the accountant is obliged to open account 99 and display transactions on it reliably and in full. Operations on the account reflect the profit or loss of the enterprise in the reporting period, namely:
The profit and loss account is active-passive, that is, the operation can be shown on credit or on debit - it depends on the situation. The end result of the activity reflects the balance. According to the debit of account 99, it is necessary to display the actions on the expenses and losses of the company.
Expenses is the sum of all expenses incurred by the company for reporting year(month, quarter) as a result of his work. These expenses are the costs of raw materials, the purchase of equipment, payment to employees, the operation of transport, etc. The expenses correspond to the credit with accounts: 64, 03, etc. An example for the debit of account 99 is the loss of goods that occurred as a result of an emergency ( Dt. 99 / Ref. 41).
The credit accounts show the income of the firm. Income- these are all receipts to the settlement accounts that the enterprise has at the specified time. Income Examples: revenue, profit from operations with securities, interest on investments, from rent, etc. The account credit is linked to the following accounts: 90, 72, 8, etc. Example: the loan action is to receive profit from the sale of goods or services produced (Dt. 90 / Ch. 99).
The balance is the difference between profit and expenses, which appears as a result of the production and sale of products. The balance is considered the most important indicator in accounting statements. The balance can be initial and final, which is determined at the beginning and at the end of a given time period.
Of course, any enterprise strives to ensure that profits exceed costs. If the account balance turned out to be debit at the end reporting date, it means that the level of costs exceeded the level of profit. In this case, the balance is negative - the company did not receive a profit for the reporting period of its activities. If the balance is credit, then the company reflects profit with a plus sign in the report on the results of its work.
At the end of each period, organizations you must close the account and open it again at the beginning of the year. This is done in order to understand how the company works, what level of profitability it has. Because accounting periods equal to tax, it is easy to understand that it is also necessary to zero the balances in order to make tax payments on time and in full.
Opening balance for future period should always be zero. In order to close an account 99, you must first close the accounts that are associated with it. These accounts include:
This account displays income from the sale of goods and the provision of services that were produced as a result of the main activity of the organization. For the convenience of keeping records on this account, sub-accounts are opened: 90.1, 90.2, 90.3, 90.9.
Until July 2017, depreciation for this equipment in accounting was 216,000 rubles, in tax accounting - 240,000 rubles, the calculated temporary difference - 24,000 rubles. Deferred tax asset made up:
24,000 * 20% = 4800 rubles.
Since the company sold this equipment in July 2017, it needs to write off the deferred tax asset. This is done by the following wiring:
Dt. 99 ct. 09 = 4800 rub.
Example 2: in 2016, Sintomat LLC produced and sold goods for 2,500,000 rubles. The value added tax in the period amounted to 500,000 rubles. Production costs - 1,080,343 rubles. Operating costs, management costs, rental costs and transport are equal to 523,487 rubles.
Account 90.1 - Balance Kt - 2,500,000 rubles.
Account 90.2 - Balance Dt - 1,080,343 rubles.
Account 90.3 - Balance Dt - 500,000 rubles.
Account 44 - Balance Dt - 523,487 rubles.
Closing of the account on December 31, 2016 is carried out according to following scheme:
Dt. 90.2 ct. 44 - 523,487 rubles.
Dt. 90.9 ct. 99.1.1 - (1,080,343 + 500,000 + 523,487) - 2,500,000 = 396,170 rubles.
In total, the credit balance, that is, the company received a profit in 2016 in the amount of 396,170 rubles. Final wiring upon account closure:
Dt. 99 ct. 84 - 396 170 rubles.
To determine the amount of income tax liability for the reporting period, it is necessary to fulfill this wiring:
Dt. 99.1.1 Ct. 68 - 396,170 * 20% = 79,234 rubles.
When conducting accounting, it is difficult to overestimate the importance of the correct execution of account 99 “Profit and Loss”, since it is on it that the result of the enterprise’s work is assessed, further plans are made for efficient business conduct and the amount of tax liability for income tax is determined.
Additional account information is provided below.
Account 99 of accounting is an active-passive account "Profit and Loss". Designed for the accumulation and generalization of information on the formation of the financial result economic activity enterprises throughout the year. With standard wiring and practical examples for dummies, consider the specifics of using account 99, as well as the procedure for reflecting profit (loss) on account 99.
The name of the account clearly indicates its purpose: the account is used to accumulate and reflect the final financial result. The credit of the account reflects profits and incomes, the debit - losses and expenses.
In general, the structure of account 99 can be represented by the diagram:
Throughout the year, the account reflects:
Schematically, the movements in the account can be reflected in the following form:
Extraordinary incomes (expenses) are the receipts (expenditure) of funds associated with unplanned events. For example, receipts insurance compensation, losses due to natural disasters and emergencies, etc.
At the end of the reporting year, account 99 is closed to account 84 “Retained earnings (loss)”, and there is no balance left on it. Profit will be reflected by posting Dt 99 - Kt 84, loss Dt 84 - Kt 99.
Account 99 corresponds with accounts:
Posting Dt 99 - Kt 09 means the disposal of the object IT, accounted for by Dt 09.
The analytics of account 99 should be built taking into account the possibility of generating a Report on the financial results of the enterprise. For these purposes, it is recommended to create main sub-accounts for the account:
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At the discretion of the organization, the numbers and purpose of sub-accounts may change. Also, for a more detailed reflection of information, organizations can create sub-accounts of the 3rd or 4th levels for these subaccounts.
According to the current Chart of Accounts, income tax (IT) is charged on account 99 in correspondence with account 68, a sub-account of NP settlements. To do this, separate sub-accounts are created on account 99, most often 99.2 “Income tax”, which can be divided into sub-accounts to reflect conditional income and conditional expense for NP.
The amount of tax accrued to the budget is reflected in the posting Dt 99 - Kt 68.
Posting type Dt 68 - Kt 99 "Conditional income from NP" reflects the loss received in accounting.
There are several ways to close 99 accounts. But the method using the sub-account 99.9 can be considered methodologically correct. In this case, the total for all sub-accounts 99 is collected on this account, that is, the sub-account can be called a regulatory one.
During the year, when the account is closed monthly, the balance Dm means a loss, the balance Km means profit. Consequently, at the end of the year in correspondence with account 84, the debit balance will mean profit, and the credit balance will mean a loss.
Let's say SDM-Project LLC purchased in December 2014 equipment worth 800,000 rubles, for a period of beneficial use(PI) 5 years, depreciation method in BU is a diminishing balance method and in NU is linear.
Let's do the calculation. For 2015-2016, the accumulated depreciation amounted to: in accounting - 288,000 rubles, in NU - 320,000 rubles. The amount of VVR amounted to 32,000 rubles, IT is equal to 32,000 * 20% = 6,400 rubles.
In December 2016, the OS was sold. The write-off of SHE during this operation is reflected in the posting:
Let's assume that Kvadrum 10 LLC in January 2016 rented out property and paid interest on the loan. Renting for the organization is other income, not the main activity. Was accrued rent in the amount of 118,000 rubles, incl. VAT 18 000 rub. The amount of interest paid was 42,000 rubles.
Reflection of operations by postings:
Simultaneously with the closing of the period, the BU reflects the conditional expense for NP. In our case, its amount will be: 58,000 * 20% = 11,600 rubles.
The amount of the accrued tax is reflected in the posting:
As of this date, the following amounts are reflected in the accounting records of SPA Active:
| Dt | CT | Operation description | Amount, rub. | Document |
| 90.1 | 90.9 | Closing 90.1 | 1 888 000 | Accounting reference |
| 90.9 | 90.2 | Closing Reflection 90.2 | 520 000 | Accounting reference |
| 90.9 | 90.3 | Closing Reflection 90.3 | 288 000 | Accounting reference |
| 90.9 | 90.5 | Closing Reflection 90.5 | 115 000 | Accounting reference |
| 91.1 | 91.9 | Closing 91.1 | 210 000 | Accounting reference |
| 91.9 | 91.2 | Closing 91.2 | 230 000 | Accounting reference |
| 99.1 | 99.9 | Closing 99.1 | 640 000 | Accounting reference |
| 99.9 | 99.2 | Closing 99.2 | 195 000 | Accounting reference |
| 99.9 | 99.3 | Closing 99.3 | 10 000 | Accounting reference |
The actual reformation of the balance sheet is reflected in the posting.
