Today, corrugated board fences are practically the most common, due to relatively simple installation, durability, aesthetics and a variety of colors and shapes. Sheets are made of galvanized steel by cold rolling and painted. Sheet sizes vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. The most common has a width of 1150 mm, a useful width of 1100 mm, as it is mounted "overlap". For fences, ordinary corrugated board marked C10 and more rigid C21 are used, but the main thing is to choose the right foundation for a corrugated fence.
A strong foundation is the key to the longevity of any fence Source zaborbudet.ru
The main factors in choosing a foundation are:
Groundwater level in the work area. The closer they are to the surface, the more thoroughly you will have to build.
Calculation of the "sail" sheets.
Soil type. The softer and wetter the soil, the deeper you need to lay the foundation.
Close proximity to busy highways and railways. Heavy transport causes vibrations in the soil, as a result of which the fence collapses.
Just poles driven into the ground will soon go downhill Source zen.yandex.ru
There are several types of foundation:
Columnar. This is the simplest and easiest look to do. Its essence is that holes of the required depth are made with a hole drill, into which the vertical supports of the fence are hammered and the cavity is concreted.
Tape. When constructing the foundation, a trench is dug, the cavity is reinforced, vertical supports are installed, and concrete is poured.
Ribbon-columnar. This combined type of foundation, in which a trench is dug between the pillars and poured with concrete after reinforcement. Pillars can be either monolithic or made of brick or cinder block. For greater aesthetics, you can finish with a facing stone.
Stone. The most expensive and labor-intensive type of fence, but the most reliable. The foundation is laid out from rubble stone and poured with concrete, having previously inserted supports. You can also lay out the columns of the future fence from stone.
The most common, reliable and durable fence made of corrugated board on a strip foundation is rightfully considered. It is the strip foundation that is most suitable for this fence.
The strip foundation will not only serve for a long time, but will also prevent drains from pouring into the yard after rain and snow. Source poetalon.ru
On our website you can find contacts construction companies that offer a fence construction service. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".
The first step is to mark the location of the fence so that it does not go beyond your land plot, since after the construction of the foundation it will already be problematic to transfer it.
For marking around the perimeter, pegs are hammered and strong twine is pulled. Next, you need to remove plants and shrubs along the entire length. After that, the installation locations of the pillars are determined. To do this, measure the same distances from the corners with a tape measure, depending on the factors that were indicated above. It is necessary to take into account the length of the gate and gate.
Next, a trench is excavated 30-40 cm wide and 70-80 cm deep from the ground. This is done with a narrow bucket excavator or manually. It all depends on the type of soil and the desired speed of construction. In the presence of rocky soils, a hydraulic hammer is used or, in the manual version, a jackhammer is used. In this case, the depth of trenches in such hard formations can be reduced.
Then a sandy “cushion” is made with a layer of 10-20 cm. It must be compacted. It will serve as the base of our foundation and provide the necessary drainage.
With uneven terrain, it should be borne in mind that one section of the fence should be at the same level. In such cases, the fence is made "steps".
One of the ways to plan the architecture of the fence with uneven landscapes Source strojbum.ru
When arranging the formwork, its assembly is carried out 20-30 cm above the ground. It can be made from boards, metal sheets, plywood or professional formwork plywood, which will allow it to be easily separated when the concrete dries.
The uneven terrain adds to the difficulty in installing the formwork to make the foundation for the corrugated fence. Since one section will have one height mark, it is necessary to install the formwork at the planned height. Sections in this case are separated from each other using the same formwork. In this case, each compartment will be filled with concrete in stages in the future. Naturally, the reinforcement of concrete will be somewhat more complicated than with a flat surface.
Formwork assembly and reinforcement for the future foundation Source stroykarecept.ru
The next stage is to install vertical supports for the future fence. Usually a steel corner or a square profile of 30-40 mm is selected. To increase the service life of the supports and longitudinal logs, it is necessary to prime and paint, after cleaning out the centers of corrosion, if any.
Fence supports can be as shown in this video:
The supports are driven into a trench at a distance of 2–3 meters and to a depth of at least 20–30 cm. In the presence of rocks, a hole is hollowed out under each support, which, after the installation of the support, is either separately concreted or covered with soil and compacted. In this case, it is necessary to install props to ensure their verticality before pouring concrete. The distance between the supports is selected depending on the area of \u200b\u200bwork and the height of the fence itself. Usually it is 2.5 - 3 meters. In windy areas, such a fence works like a sail and at large lengths there will be a high probability that the sheets will deform or even be torn from their attachment points.
To increase reliability, reinforcement with a diameter of 10 mm is welded between the supports in the trench. At great depths, several such bonding joints should be made at different levels.
Reinforcement is also carried out using reinforcement 8-12 mm. Since the foundation carries practically no load, except for the lateral one, a special approach is not required. It is required mainly to ensure the integrity of the structure. Pieces of reinforcement are driven in between the supports and 2-4 rows of reinforcement are tied along with a knitting wire, depending on the depth of the trench. For even more reinforcement, crossbars are imposed. It must be taken into account that the reinforcement should be at a distance of 2-3 cm from the edge of the formwork.
Reinforcing bars should not touch the formwork boards Source domvizit.ru
Next, it is necessary to fill the trench to the desired formwork level with concrete or mortar using at least 200 grade cement. As the concrete dries, it must be watered. During the first two or three days, it is desirable to do this every 3-4 hours. Watering will avoid the appearance of cracks. Further, less often. The formwork of the foundation is carried out depending on the temperature conditions when concrete reaches 70% strength, which is 2-4 days. When using additives that accelerate the hardening, it is possible to remove the formwork even after a day. However, the installation of the fence should be started no earlier than 7 days.
This stage involves welding the profiles between the fence supports. It can be made both from a corner of 2-3 cm, and from a "P" shaped or square profile. This uses several types of connection, as shown in the figure. If painting is not done beforehand, then after welding it is necessary to paint the frame of the future fence. Especially when painting, attention should be paid to welds, since it is there that corrosion most often occurs.
The fastening of the corrugated board in relation to the pillars is carried out in three ways Source maja-dacha.ru
After that, the corrugated board is installed using self-tapping screws with rubber gaskets to avoid damage to the sheets and the occurrence of rust at the attachment points. The distance between the fasteners depends on the size of the sheet.
For improvement appearance the foundation can be finished with tiles, facing bricks or stone, simply plastered and painted.
An overview of the process of creating a foundation and mounting a mono fence can be seen in the video:
Insufficient depth of laying the foundation, as a result of which the fence can “float”, warp and burst. This is especially true for wetlands with a close occurrence of groundwater (near reservoirs, ponds, etc.).
The foundation for a corrugated fence does not have to be tape at all. It can also be made using another technology - the optimality of tape filling is dictated by a minimum financial expenses for the purchase of building materials and labor costs for their use.
There are by no means many of them, at least six are actively used:
A strip foundation for a fence made of corrugated board is optimal in most repair cases, but we will also consider other ways to make a foundation for a fence made of corrugated board.
The website site masters have prepared a special calculator for you. You can easily calculate the right amount of corrugated board for the fence.
AT general view the fence around the house can be based on the following building structures:
A reliable tape-type foundation must go through several mandatory stages in its creation.
A number of pegs with twine are hammered along the entire perimeter of the future fence, it is stretched in one line. It is obligatory to fix the twine at all turning points of the fence, and especially at the places of future gates and gates. To estimate the scope of future work, you will probably need a theodolite or similar measuring instrument. The height difference along the entire length of the fence can be significant - and this will require in-depth earthworks in one area and more superficial in another. No one needs extra hours of work as a digger.
A ditch with a depth of at least 30-35 cm is dug along the entire fence line, an identical operation is performed when laying paving slabs and similar landscaping works. At the installation sites of the pillars, it will be necessary to deepen it significantly, up to 60-90 cm (depending on the type of soil).
For ordinary corrugated board, the recommended distance between the mounting posts is no more than 2 meters, otherwise, with strong gusts of wind, our fence can fly into a fairyland. The minimum trench width is 40 cm, because formwork will be installed inside it and will take part of the size.
We install poles in recessed nests, as a rule - from cut iron pipes, and not necessarily new ones. Old pipes with a diameter of 50 mm or more (preferably at least 80 mm) are also suitable. Taking into account the underground part, the height of each pipe must be at least 2.5 meters - nevertheless the fence must exceed the height of the average person. Each pole is precisely set on a plumb line, its strict verticality is very important. The pillars are fastened in bulk, with a mixture of broken bricks, gravel and stones, with a guarantee of reliable fixation.
Before installing the formwork, the bottom of the trench is covered with gravel or crushed stone, about 5 cm thick, as a "cushion" for the concrete solution. Then the "reinforcing belt" is laid - a horizontal strip of reinforcement with pins going up. The fence itself will be attached to these pins, they protrude 5-8 cm above the layer of future concrete pouring. The fittings are taken the most ordinary, corrugated, with a diameter of 15 mm.
The most difficult and laborious stage. Formwork is mounted from boards and fiberboard on a gravel cushion - inside the trench and with an exit above the soil level by 20-25 cm. The clearance and verticality of the formwork planes should be observed. If it is possible to rent a prefabricated formwork made of light metal structures, this will greatly simplify the installation stage for arranging the foundation. The installed formwork is fixed from the outside (inside the ditch) with rubble and stones, the earth is not used for these purposes. Check the accuracy of the exposed formwork several times - corrections can only be made before the start of concrete work.
The solution is poured into the formwork and post pits in stages - and this will be a different solution. underground part poured with concrete (cement + sand + gravel), and the upper part - with a cement-sand mixture. The phased pouring is explained by the need to avoid internal voids in the foundation. After the completion of concreting, the formwork boards can be removed the next day, but the installation of a corrugated fence begins only after a week. The concrete structure must dry well and acquire the necessary hardness. To do this, the concrete foundation is regularly watered.
The foundation for a corrugated fence is required due to the characteristic features of the material for making the fence. The higher the design, the more windage it has. From below, the fence made of profiled sheet is subject to the action of heaving of the soil. If only the base for the supporting pillars is poured, then there is a high risk in time to find the entire corrugated board structure turned out simultaneously with pieces of concrete. Therefore, the arrangement of the foundation for the fence must be taken very responsibly.
Scheme of installation of a fence made of corrugated board
The base for the fence of profiled sheets must be chosen, taking into account the following factors:
Before installing a fence, you still need to consult with experts regarding the work in a particular area.
Structure construction drawing
As a rule, a strip foundation is poured under the fence made of corrugated board.
Before you make a foundation for a corrugated fence, you need to draw a drawing of the future fence. It marks slopes and obstacles that cannot be removed (for example, a pipeline). Then you need to clear the site for future fencing, get rid of shrubs and stones in the places where construction work is taking place.
The scheme of erecting a fence from a profiled sheet with pouring the base on a slope
Scheme of the foundation for a fence with concrete pouring
Much attention must be paid to areas where the slope is located. If possible, the height difference is leveled, and the required marks are also made. When all the stakes are installed, a rope is pulled between them.
Sketch of the location of the fence
A trench is dug around the perimeter of the future fence. The width is made taking into account the width of the base, as a rule, about 50 cm, and the depth is 60–80 cm. The walls must be well tamped and the vertical must be checked with a level. As for the bottom, in this case, alignment is not required, since in the future the sand and gravel cushion will be filled up.
Formwork assembly example
In the areas of the foundation where the pillars from the profile pipe will be attached, it is necessary to additionally make recesses. What can you use a garden drill for? Pits are made with a depth of 1.2–1.4 m, a diameter of 25–40 cm.
Sketches for the installation of supports
If the height of the fence is more than 2 m, it is necessary to increase the depth of the supports. At the same time, the following rule is followed: 40% - underground, 60% - above ground level.
Scheme of forming a fence frame from corrugated board
A profiled sheet fence is a relatively light structure that does not load the soil. But the fence with a height of more than 2 m and a section width of 2.5 m has a high windage, which requires the use of strong supports.
Option to create a fence with ventilated products
As a rule, the following types of racks are used:
Variety of mounting options for fence posts
The sand and gravel layer will help the base to withstand the increase in heaving forces during frosts, as well as increase the stability of the foundation and fencing.
To create a pillow, sand is poured into the bottom of the base with a layer of about 12 cm. Then it is moistened and carefully compacted. Then a gravel layer of the same size is poured. Gravel is also watered and rammed.
To do this, use vibration equipment or make manual tamping with a log.
Pillow organization chart
A layer of waterproofing is laid on the pillow so that the "milk" after pouring the concrete does not penetrate into the ground. If the base is not insulated, then the waterproofing is also laid on the walls of the trench.
Support design sketch
Reinforcement with a metal profile increases the resistance of the base to bending that occurs during wind loads on the profiled sheet. Reinforcement technology:
Reinforcement of the strip foundation for the fence
Plywood sheets with a thickness of 18–20 mm are fastened with bars from the outside and inserted vertically in level into the trench. The formwork must be done 18–22 cm above ground level. Spacers are placed in the trench between the plywood sheets. Stops must be installed from the outside to prevent deformation of the formwork under the pressure of the solution.
Formwork assembly technology for the foundation of the fence
Before pouring concrete, support pillars are placed in the recesses, the vertical is checked with a level. For mixing concrete, cement of a grade not lower than M250 is used.
Types of concreting
Formwork concreting is carried out as follows:
Scheme of partial concreting
After a week, you can remove the formwork. Moreover, this work must be done very carefully so as not to damage the flooded base. Finished Foundation it is necessary to withstand 28 days for the cement mortar to fully gain design strength. After the base has completely hardened, you can install the corrugated board fence directly.
Dismantling the formwork of the fence foundation
A detailed technology for pouring the base under the fence from corrugated board can be viewed in the video.
The danger is borne by soils where loams predominate in the composition. In other words, the soil, which retains moisture, exhibits heaving during frosts. This effect consists in raising the layer of earth during severe frosts. Heaving soil can turn a concrete base into plasticine.
Design options for special soils
The problem can be solved in the following ways:
Backfilling of pillars
Decking has become a fairly popular material for the manufacture of fences. In order for the structure to serve for a long time and not bring problems during operation, it is necessary to provide a reliable foundation for it. When performing work, it is recommended to be guided by SP 22.13330.2011 and SP 63.13330.2012.
The foundation for the corrugated fence must prevent tipping. The profiled sheet as a railing makes the structure particularly susceptible to wind loads, which create additional pressure.
A corrugated fence may refer to different types depending on the design features:
Before making a foundation, you need to consider the type of fence. The following points also have a strong influence on the type of the supporting part:
The design consists of the following elements:
The advantages of light fences include low cost and relative ease of manufacture. To ensure stability, vertical racks are buried in the ground to a certain depth. The amount of laying and the need for additional measures depends on the characteristics of the soil.
Stand mounting options.
These grounds include:
In this case, when installing a corrugated fence, the racks can be deepened in the following order:
When installing a fence on heaving soil(clay, loam, sandy loam) it is necessary to additionally provide a damping layer. To do this, in the immediate vicinity of the fence post, backfilling is carried out with a material not prone to frost heaving:
Advice! Clay does not pass water well. To prevent harm to fence structures, it is recommended that the thickness of the damping layer be set more than the depth of soil freezing by about 20 cm (reserve for thawing moisture).
For greater reliability, the part of the rack located near the surface of the earth is often concreted. The thickness of the concrete layer is on average 30 cm, in the upper part a metal mesh with reinforcement with a diameter of 4-6 mm is laid.
Important! When laying the mesh, it is necessary to provide a protective layer of concrete. The rods should not reach the boundaries of concrete by 30-40 mm when using reinforcement with galvanization and by 60-70 without it.
Scheme of the device on soft soils.
The process of building foundations is complicated if it is necessary to make a fence on soil with low design resistance. These grounds include:
The main task when arranging a foundation for a fence on such soils is to prevent loosening. The wider the base, the easier it is to maintain stability; a thin metal stand will not be enough here. A strong concrete layer is needed, which will prevent the destruction of the soil under the dynamic action of the wind.
Work is performed in the following order:
The concrete element can be round, square or rectangular. The optimal material for pouring will be concrete class B15 (or brand M200). When working with heaving bases, as in the previous case, it is worthwhile to provide a damping layer (backfill from non-heaving materials).
If necessary, make a foundation for a fence with brick pillars using more serious supporting structures. The main bearing elements are columnar foundations with a grillage raised above the ground.
The foundation with grillage is made of reinforced concrete. In places where brick pillars are supported, columnar supports are provided. To connect the supporting and main parts of the column, rolled metal (square pipes) is used. These pipes are installed to the entire height of the fence (including the underground part). The fence posts are laid around the provided metal racks.
The width of the grillage is assigned taking into account the width of the pillars. The average height is 50 cm. A gap of 100-200 mm wide will need to be provided between the ground surface and the reinforced concrete tape. Instead of a gap, a layer of low-density polystyrene foam can be laid. It will become a damping layer and prevent the effect on the grillage during frosty swelling of the soil.
Concrete for the manufacture of grillage should be chosen taking into account its bending work. Since the load from corrugated sheets is planned to be small, you can take the M250 grade or class B17.5. When choosing a brand, it is also important to take into account the distance between the foundation pillars: the larger it is, the higher the concrete class and the more powerful the reinforcement. To simplify the work and the process of purchasing material, concrete for pillars and grillage can be used the same.
The order of work in general is as follows:
It is important that the concrete work be completed within the setting time of the mixture. To provide the necessary clearance when pouring the grillage, two technologies are used, depending on its location relative to ground level:
The foundation for a fence made of profiled sheet is a responsible design. The main operating problems are usually caused by wind. To prevent tipping, special attention must be paid to the supporting part.
Installation work on the creation of a column-strip foundation includes a strict sequence of work. It includes preliminary marking of the site according to the size of the future fence, earthworks, and the creation of a sand cushion. Next, formwork is mounted, reinforcement is woven. The last stage is actually pouring the foundation.
Before mounting the tape, it is necessary to carry out a preliminary marking of the trench. The site does not require complex preparation, it is enough to remove debris and weeds. The only condition is a flat area is desirable. With differences in height, these places are marked carefully.
The markup process includes:
A strong cord is pulled between the driven pegs. The correct installation of the pillar canvas depends on the correct marking.
Earthworks include:
The bottom of the trench is carefully leveled, this improves the quality of the sand cushion.
The sand and gravel pad is an element that resists deformation due to frost heaving. Mount the sand and gravel pad:
Special equipment is used to tamp the pillow. For additional savings, it is possible to build a rammer from a log.
A layer of waterproofing material is laid on top of the pillow, a rolled roofing material is recommended. After mounting the reinforcing frame:
For additional structural strength, horizontal bars are added. After the installation of wooden formwork is done.
Before pouring the base, concrete pillars are installed in pre-prepared recesses. Concrete is poured in 2 stages:
