Who designs houses.  Moreover, this tool will allow you to create projects in a short time, which will give you a competitive advantage over other designers and even entire companies.  The main advantages of the course

Who designs houses. Moreover, this tool will allow you to create projects in a short time, which will give you a competitive advantage over other designers and even entire companies. The main advantages of the course

How to make a project at home on a computer - both beginners and those who have repeatedly tested their strength in building with their own hands face this problem. , which can be implemented in the future, must be carried out in accordance with all the features and requirements for not only the future structure, but also for the external conditions of construction.

An example of a project and layout of a cottage created on a computer

You can create a project at home on a computer using a specially designed program.

With this program, you can create projects for each floor of your future home. In addition to everything mentioned earlier, this application will help you design not only your house, but also any other structures and buildings. An additional advantage of this type of program is that it is the most convenient and close to professional. It takes into account all the nuances of construction work.

Even the illumination of the rooms will change according to which date was chosen and which geographical position of this projected object. Those who have not previously encountered such programs will have to suffer in order to understand exactly how such a system works.

House layout created in ArchiCAD

This is due to the fact that there are enough a large number of various tabs and, accordingly, the functions that this application can perform. The working area is located in the center of the screen, and therefore you can view the created plan quite closely and in detail, adjust it in additional windows (top, side views, etc.).

At the top left are the main functions that allow you to edit objects as a whole or some individual elements. On the right there is a command line where you can see what commands and manipulations have been made with the project. Depending on whether they meet your requirements, you can edit or delete certain edits.

Designing a house in ArchiCAD

ArchiCAD allows you to create fairly complex projects from the very beginning, while there is a sufficiently large amount of data and provisions to speed up the process and.

Read also

Furniture placement programs

Create a project

By running this program, it is best to start with the design of the basement. In the window that opens, you will first need to pay attention to the panel on the left. Here are a variety of tools for work, including elements of each house. For example, it could be:

  • Door;
  • Window;
  • Wall;
  • columns;
  • Stairs;
  • Roof, etc.

In order to draw up a basement floor project, you must select the appropriate section and on the left of the panel that has already been described, select the "Wall" tab. In the window that appears, you need to find the materials with which this design will be made.


You can choose, for example, a stone. In this window, be sure to check the box next to the "Select for all" item. Next, using the mouse, you will need to draw an approximate plan of the basement. To do this, click the left mouse button and move the cursor in one direction or another.

Usually this is a square or rectangular perimeter of the floor. You can first draw a plan for each floor in accordance with the dimensions that the future house will have. Having outlined the perimeter, it will be possible to immediately see in 3D resolution the view of the basement floor. The quality of the resulting picture is quite high, so you can independently enlarge the image to the maximum and examine each brick.

Further guidance

If everything suits you in the resulting project, you can proceed to creating the floor. To do this, again, on the left, find the "Overlap" tab and click on it with the left mouse button. In the window that opens, you will also need to select the material, it is best to use reinforced concrete. And of course, do not forget that you need to select the "overlap thickness" parameter.

Here, the coverage of the 2nd floor is also selected. You can choose, for example, parquet, and in accordance with your requirements, with the design of the future room, its color is also chosen, for example, green. Next, you begin to draw the perimeter of the floor in the same way as it was done in the previous step, when you outlined the perimeter of the 1st floor. In this case, you need to enter with the mouse along the wall itself, preferably in its center.

Installing stairs in a house project

In order to make the next floor, you need to select the “1st floor” tab and after that, just like you did in the first case, you need to go to the left panel, find the “Wall” parameter and select certain dimensions for it.

So, you can choose the material no longer stone, but white brick, choose the wall thickness, for example, 400 mm, height - 3000 mm. Do not forget also that you need to specify the dimensions of the brick itself.

In this case, the white brick will be only a facing material, and the aerated concrete block will be the main one. building material. Having set all these values, you will need to draw again in accordance with the way it was created ground floor. The 3D model of this project shows that the basement and walls of the 1st floor coincide with each other and are on the same level. But it will be necessary to make sure that the wall of the 1st floor extends slightly beyond the perimeter of the basement.


House project

The project must be prepared initially before starting any construction. It does not matter whether it is a huge cottage outside the city or a small house in a summer cottage, any thoughts should first be put on paper.

When developing a project, you have the opportunity to accurately calculate the final cost of building materials and work, which will help you complete the construction within the estimated time frame and live in a new home.

Now there are a large number of companies that can offer services for calculating your projects or are already implementing ready-made ones. Their cost is very high, and most self-builders, wanting to save money, do not want to pay special attention to this. In fact, you can create a project at home on your own, but here you need to know that there are points that you need to pay great attention to.

Plan for the development of a project for the construction of a private house

Before you start the actual work on designing a house, you should decide what it is intended for:

  • will this building be a summer cottage or the house will be solid for living in it all year round;
  • understand for yourself whether there will be more buildings on the site;
  • will you build a garage and how many cars should fit in it, where will the bathhouse, well, septic tank and other objects be located that can affect the size of the house and its best location on land plot;
  • whether the site is sloping and geodetic expertise will also be a factor that will affect the location of the house.

All these points must be taken into account, based on the information received, a master plan for the entire site is being developed. With a plan like this, you can save a lot of time and money. If you are guided by the markings, you can immediately prepare a parking lot for a car, put a septic tank and make a well.

Creating a project for a house or cottage


Now you can start creating a project at home. You already know approximately what size it will be and where it will be located.

Preliminary design


You can create such a project yourself, and according to it, the architect will plan and think about spatial and style decisions.

This type of drawings will include a plan for building, roofing and number of storeys of the house. In addition, the view of the facade, a transverse and longitudinal section of the building will also be displayed. It also notes what materials will be used to build the house, its features in the design of all parts. And already based on a detailed sketch type project, a worker will be created, which will be a kind of guide for the construction team.

Create a working type project for a home


Architectural stage of the project


Architectural type design is the most enjoyable part of planning a house. Here they draw the location of all rooms and their area, add additional rooms, and mark the places where windows or doors will be located.

At this stage, the type of material from which the house will be built should also be taken into account. This will determine how thick the walls will be, the dimensions of windows, doors, and the slope of the roof. As a result, you will have several drawings, where there will be notes with explanations. You can do everything by hand on paper or use special programs on a PC.

Structural type stage in design

At this stage, it is necessary to calculate all the details of the house. What foundation will be used and to what depth it needs to be deepened. What kind of “pie” should be made for the walls, floors between floors are selected, and calculations are made on the location of the rafters and where the chimney will be located. As a result, you get drawings for the construction of the walls, a plan for the rafter system, an interfloor staircase, lintels, beams and much more. All materials should be calculated so that you make purchases of everything you need and in the right amount.

Engineering plan project


This is a very important stage, which can not be found and met in all building plans, but without such a project it will not be possible to build a high-quality house. It includes the design and calculation of:

  • sewer system;
  • water supply;
  • ventilation;
  • heating scheme;
  • wiring and equipment.

This project should have a plan for the phased implementation of communications that are necessary for life. In a working type project, all information about the design capacity of the structure, about the development of electrical wiring and about the grounding system in order to protect the house from lightning should be described in detail. In a separate section, the installation of a home security system is carried out.

House design project


This stage is the final one during the design. Here you need to decide on the color scheme:

  • facade;
  • roofs;
  • house walls;
  • interior decoration.

You should also think about the style and design of all rooms and how the furniture will be located when designing.

Creating a project with your own hands for private developers is much more rational when everyone construction works he will do it himself. When the project is in hand, it will be very difficult for a non-specialist to understand it and understand all the accuracy that is there.

What you should pay attention to during the development of individual projects of houses


The project must be approached comprehensively, because all the engineering and design features of the building should be taken into account. In order to build the house that you dream of, during the acquisition of a land allotment, you need to think about the possibility of arranging water supply, electrical wiring and a sewer system. No matter how carefully you work on the project, if you are not a specialist, you may not take into account some points. And during construction, there may be moments when on the go you have to redo or finish individual details of the structure.

The latest materials and the availability of data can make things much easier for developers. For example, on the Internet there is a huge selection of standard and free projects. But it is worth understanding the fact that no one will give you really high-quality work for free. Projects of this type will require a good deal of work or will not be fully completed.

Another option is to purchase a ready-made kit for building a house directly from the factory. This kit includes two OSB boards, between which there is a layer of foam. Choosing the right type of project for frame house from the manufacturing company, it is produced in such a way as to take into account all window and door openings, and for a fee, partitions between rooms.

The customer must simply carry out the assembly work according to the instructions, which resembles a designer. In any situation, the starting point in developing any type of project is the budget for the build.

Features when creating a wooden house project


During the development of a project for a house made of timber or chopped, it is necessary to take into account some of the nuances that in the end may affect the final result:

  • usually logs or timber for the house are used 6 meters long. During the construction of a large spacious house of such dimensions is not enough and then it is necessary to join the logs. It is fashionable to say that it is not possible to do such work on open walls, so the joints at the cuts should be calculated and they should be additionally insulated;
  • in order to ensure the correct shrinkage and the necessary rigidity of the entire structure, the joints should be placed in a checkerboard pattern in each of the subsequent crowns of the log. And they should be distributed in such a way that they are located in several cuts;
  • the method of assembling a house from logs involves only an even number of corners;
  • taken into account during design competent distribution loads on all parts of the bearing type;
  • based on an initial length of 6 meters, then the project should be created, taking into account the minimum amount of waste;
  • partitions made of logs on the second floor must be placed exactly above the walls of the bearing type, otherwise they are replaced with poles made of timber, which have a smaller mass or cut boards;
  • if you are planning to build an attic second floor, then the stairs should not be located next to the wall, which is the support for the roof slope.

Project Creation Software


Latest Programs make DIY design tasks much easier. With the help of such programs, you can create a 3D model that will be viewed from all sides and can be zoomed in or out. Most of them are adapted for ordinary users and can be used for free. Let's look at the most popular.

Probably the most relevant is a program called Google SketchUp. It is the easiest to use, but it has many functions.

With this program, you can create not only a 3D project, but also design the interior design and landscape design of your yard. It has a huge number of textures and is very convenient for creating projects of various structures, in which it is necessary to carry out calculations accurate to one millimeter. Its most important advantage is that it is completely free.

Equally popular is the Arcone program. But you can work on this software only after you have mastered the course. It opens the possibility to create a 3D model of the house and the rooms inside it. You can also see the lighting in the rooms, the location of the windows.

Another no less relevant program can be called ArchiCAD. This program is used by both amateurs and professionals. It is a whole set of tools in order to be able to design structures and develop their design. It makes it possible to develop not only beautiful models, but also to use and maintain any technical and construction documents. The licensed version is paid.


creating a house plan

Conclusion:

To summarize, it is worth saying that the creation of projects for the construction of houses is a very painstaking and complex task. Sketches can be developed by yourself, but you should not rush and think through and consider a wide variety of options. And the working moments are better left for specialists. Also, you will not do without the services of an architect during the preparation of projects for administrative authorities or in order for you to be given a building permit.

Preliminary work before building a house includes several stages: the preparatory period, drawing up sketches, creating working drawings and communication schemes. How to design a house yourself? Let's consider all the steps in detail.

Preparation period

Before construction, a site plan is drawn up in the form of a configuration, with a terrain, a mark of trees and other elements. Schemes of communications passing through the site (water supply, cable, gas pipeline) are applied.

General layout of rooms

Projects of houses and cottages are carried out with numerous premises for various purposes. First of all, you need a detailed study of the layout of the rooms. The following factors must be taken into account:

    the number of residents and the presence of separate families (adult children, parents);

    the presence of small children;

    the estimated number of guests and the possibility of their comfortable stay in the house and on the site.

The layout of the entrance hall, living room, study, bedrooms, the presence of separate entrances, bathrooms, kitchens, boiler room and workshop, parking lots and garages, stairs to the upper floors depend on these factors. It is necessary to decide where the sauna will be: in a separate building or in the basement. If the family loves plants, then you can place it in the house or attach a small greenhouse to it. Perhaps the attic will be built without heating and is designed only for the summer period. All premises should be placed optimally and at minimum cost.

House facade sketch

Many house projects are created with a beautiful appearance of the facade. It should be drawn on each side, then aligned and linked to the interior layout and window placement. The type of foundation depends on the material of the walls. You should also decide whether basements and a cellar are needed. To do this, you need to know how close the groundwater is. Immediately you need to choose the shape of the roof so that the house looks beautiful. Too complex a shape can lead to leakage from precipitation. Windows should be large to give lightness to the house and make it brighter inside. At the same time, you should not be afraid of the cold, as you can install modern ones. They can be ordered in any shape and decorated with carved shutters or forged flower bars.

An important place is the main entrance. It is necessary to determine how the porch will look and whether it will be convenient to climb it. Where will the front door and the visor above it be? What will be the entrances to the garage, the type and location of the gate for the entry of cars? How to go out into the courtyard and from which rooms? How to protect entrance doors from rain? The house should be in harmony with the landscape of the site.

Detailed study of the layout of the rooms

How to design a house with rational use of space? Let's consider each of them separately.

Hallway

The hallway is usually shared by everyone. If there are several families in the house, you need to think about how to enter it so as not to interfere with each other. From the hallway it is convenient to make exits to the living room and to the garage. It is necessary to determine the location and design of the stairs to the second floor. It should be inside the house so that in winter you do not have to clean it from snow.

Living room

First of all, you need to make sure that the living room is the most functional. To do this, it should be a place for receiving guests, sharing leisure time, a dining room. In it you can place a fireplace, under which you need a separate foundation. The living room should be properly divided into functional areas. Often it has a staircase leading up.

Kitchen

The kitchen is planned in such a way that it is spacious enough and comfortable for cooking and eating. It is divided into zones for cooking, hot processing and eating, as well as washing dishes. It is possible that a large family will need two kitchens. Appliances should be easily placed in the room: stove, microwave, dishwasher, sink, refrigerator, and various electrical appliances: meat grinder, juicer, mixer, coffee grinder. Everything should be located freely and compactly so that the hostess can reach out with her hand.

Bathroom

AT own house The bathroom should be spacious and comfortable to accommodate everything you need. This requires an area of ​​​​at least 5 m 2. The bathroom can be located in a separate room.

Bedroom

The bedroom should freely accommodate a bed, dressing table, chest of drawers and bedside tables. It can also contain a work desk, TV, armchairs and a wardrobe. There may be several bedrooms.

Children's room

In the children's room you need to provide maximum functionality. It should be spacious, comfortable for sleeping, relaxing, playing and sports corner. Toys and clothes should be put away in closets.

Cabinet

The office has a desk, chair, shelves for books and office equipment. It is advisable to provide a place for a small sofa to relax. The spacious office is convenient for business meetings.

The general view of the house should be associated several times with the layout of the rooms. Sketches of facades and placement of rooms can be done in different ways, and then choose the best one.

The main parameters of the house are summarized in one table, which indicates the general dimensions of the house, the number of rooms, their area, ceiling height, number and size of doors and windows.

working draft

There are special computer programs on how to design a house yourself. It is not necessary to be able to draw. All this is done by the program. With its help, you can present any projects of houses in a three-dimensional image. A photo of one of them is shown below.

Drawings are drawn up according to sketches, and then builders will build a house according to them.

On the master plan The plot houses a house and other objects under construction, as well as paths, gates, a cesspool, gates, gazebos, a greenhouse, and places for plants. The plan is oriented to parts of the world. The dimensions of each element are set exactly to scale. According to the plan, the places for supplying communications and the location of the drainage system are better defined.

Foundation design

To determine the type of foundation, one should have geological data on the composition and properties of the soil. The load on the foundation is calculated based on the mass of walls, floors, roofs, foundations, snow and temporary loads. Temporary and snow load are considered according to the average indicator - 100 kg / m 2. Based on these data, the type of foundation is selected. Usually choose a tape or pile-tape reinforced concrete foundation. It must be provided with openings for the input of communications. You can find many options on how to design a house yourself with such foundations.

Wall and floor materials

The advantages and disadvantages of materials for building walls is a separate issue. For building a house for a long time, brick is best suited. Recently, foam concrete, aerated concrete, slag concrete and other similar materials with sufficient strength and durability have become popular materials.

Their undoubted advantage is low thermal conductivity, which makes it possible to build inexpensive and warm houses. Numerous projects of houses made of foam blocks show that they are cheaper and lighter than those made of monolithic concrete, and have a lower but sufficient bearing capacity. Overlapping of walls made of porous concrete is best done wooden beam, the loads from which they can easily withstand.

Roof design

Projects of houses for the most part involve the construction of gable, and for small houses- pitched roofs. A beam is used for rafters, and a board is used as a crate.

The roof is made with the possibility of vapor barrier and ventilation to ensure its protection from moisture. Its material can be a metal profile, a popular variety of which is a metal tile. Soft roofing and euroslate are also used. The metal profile is protected by a zinc coating, as well as a polymer layer that looks beautiful and does not collapse under the influence of the atmosphere.

Electrical wiring

When performing an electrical project, the total power of consumers is determined. It is performed by licensed companies. As terms of reference lighting and electrical wiring are included in the project.

Water supply and sewerage

Before you design a house yourself, you need to find out what resources are nearby. If the central water supply is close, you can connect to it. At the same time, a counter is installed at the main entrance. Water supply and sewerage are designed depending on the maximum number of people living in the house, the number of floors and the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house. Sewer pipes are led into central system drainage. If it is not there, the drain is carried out in a drainage pit.

In the absence of a centralized water supply, a well must be drilled or a well built. The source is included in the project along with the autonomous supply scheme.

Heating system

Projects of houses and cottages are created for autonomous heating systems. The boiler for the house is installed in a separate room. Its power is selected depending on the total volume of heated rooms. The type of boiler depends on the fuel used: gas, electricity or coal. For each heated room, radiators with the estimated number of sections are selected and a water supply pipe layout is drawn up. It indicates all the necessary equipment and its characteristics: boiler, pressure tank, pump, filters, fittings.

Ventilation system

Ventilation of the house is provided by natural and forced outflow of air from the premises. To do this, a system plan is drawn, which indicates the layout of pipes, their diameters, installation locations for gratings and maintenance hatches.

Architectural supervision of construction

After creating the project, it is necessary to monitor how the technology of building a house and laying communications is observed. An agreement is drawn up with the builders with reference to the project. According to this document, control over the correctness of the work is carried out.

Conclusion

How to design a house yourself? To do this, it is necessary to gradually carry out work on the creation of working drawings necessary for construction, and then control the quality of work on them.

Studying house projects allows you to create a sketch plan drawing of a house with your own hands. The plan of the house or your project should display: strip foundation, facade of the house, floor plans, attic floor and roof drawing.

What is my goal when studying house designs? Ideas found on the Internet that meet my criteria, I try to collect, organize and transfer to my plan of the house. In order to create a house plan with my own hands, I decided on the main vectors - the obligatory presence of a basement and attic floor, the choice of the number of storeys of the house, the choice of the shape of the roof, the choice of the location of the fireplace, the design of the water supply and sewerage, as well as the drawing of the location of the electrical wiring.

For myself, I single out two main aspects that allow me to cope with the project at home. The first is the technical side showing the nuances during construction, and the second is a 3D visualization of the planned house, which will help me understand my desires.

Having gone through a huge amount finished projects(only beautiful, in my opinion, houses were selected) I quickly realized that I would have to start from the financial component of the construction and create my own individual house project, unlike anything in small details.

To solve my two aspects, I chose two software products - Microsoft's Visio for displaying technical drawings, and for 3D visualization I chose ArCon - a program that is not difficult to understand, but allows you to twist the house from the outside and imagine how everything will look, up to furniture inside the building.

All that I managed to create - the drawings, drawings, plans and projects provided below, I conditionally called sketches, since they are simplified as much as possible in terms of detail for my story, but sufficient to understand the very essence of an individual house project.

Project of the first floor of the house on the plan.

I’ll start with the ground floor plan, for which I need to decide on the following points: what will be the dimensions of the house, taking into account the location on the site and the material aspect, the material and thickness of the walls of the house, the size and number of rooms that meet my needs and this will help determine the types interfloor ceilings, consider the location of the stairs and the entrance to the basement, determine the size and location of window openings, and so on.

For myself, I decided to build a house of aerated concrete blocks and wall thickness of 300 mm. The overall dimensions of the house on the plan were 8500 mm by 8300 mm, and in accordance with the layout, I got the following dimensions of the premises:

The entrance hall and the kitchen are about 14 square meters,

The main hall covers 20 square meters,

Bedroom 20 square meters,

Combined bathroom 4 square meters,

A separate place is occupied by a staircase to the second floor.

As a result, I get an analogue of a two-room apartment, but with two bonus rooms for guests on the second floor. The entrance to the basement is 5 square meters, located under the stairs and will be used as a wine cellar.

A separate story is a fireplace placed in the hall and, with the right breeding of the air duct system, can be used to heat the house.

After I have drawn the layout of the first floor, you can start drawing the rest of the plan of the house, or rather, the project of the foundation of the house.

Calculation of the strip foundation of a shallow house.

We read about the design and construction of my monolithic strip foundation with our own hands in this article.

My choice fell on a strip monolithic shallow foundation, since this option can be done independently without using construction equipment, but at the same time it is simple and reliable.

The strip foundation is a one-piece structure, poured below ground level and above the ground to the height of the base, located under the external and internal walls of the building and must have the same cross section. In order to save money, under the inner walls, I made the thickness of the foundation a little thinner.

To select the type of foundation, the main factors are the level of groundwater under the house being built and the depth of soil freezing in the construction region.

The groundwater level in my area is below two meters, which forces me to choose a shallow foundation, the positive qualities of which can be attributed to a relatively low cost.

Now we will deal with the level of soil freezing, which will help us determine the depth of the foundation. In the Kyiv region, the depth of soil freezing is from 800 to 900 mm, and if we take into account the sandy loam that makes up the soil at the construction site, then my choice fell on the type of foundation in the form of the letter T only turned upside down and laying depth of 1 meter.

Also, on the section of the foundation, I paint for myself the location of the laying of the reinforcing cage. The view of the foundation from above will help me determine the dimensions of the trenches dug under the foundation, which will correspond to the lower part of the sole of the foundation being laid.

Below, in the picture you can see a section of the foundation, which displays the structure and reinforcement.

Foundation reinforcement

In order to avoid deformations of the foundation and, as a result, cracks on the walls, the laying of reinforcement should be done in the uppermost and lowermost parts of the foundation at a distance of no more than two diameters of the reinforcement to be laid. The expanded sole of the foundation was chosen by me to minimize the processes of frost heaving of the soil, as well as to increase the area of ​​\u200b\u200bsupport, provided that there is not the best soil for construction under the foundation - sandy loam.

Since I described the calculation of my foundation in detail in an article that can be accessed via the link a little higher, I won’t dwell on the nuances, but I’ll say that the width of the support area of ​​\u200b\u200bmy foundation is more than necessary by about 50%.

The drawing below shows a top view of my monolithic strip foundation.

This foundation plan shows the bottom of the foundation, which repeats the profile of the excavated trenches, for the upper part of the foundation to be poured, formwork will need to be assembled. For ease of understanding, I removed the location of the reinforcement from the foundation project. It is important at the design stage not to forget to draw technological channels for laying electrical wiring and plumbing.

Calculation of monolithic and wooden floors on the plan of the house.

Now let's talk a little about the floors of the first floor. I plan to make it two types:

A monolithic ceiling will be poured over the bay window and the bathroom, since the concrete floor of the bay window will act as the floor of the attic floor balcony and will be in contact with precipitation, and the bathroom ceiling will be exposed to high humidity.

The rest of the ground floor slab will be made on wooden beams 100 mm by 200 mm. A wooden floor, or as it is also called a beam, is easy to build with your own hands, and is a budget option.

A beam of 100 mm by 200 mm was selected using tables for calculating floor beams with a maximum span of four meters and a step between wooden floor beams from 40 to 60 centimeters.

I will pour monolithic sections of the floor simultaneously with a monolithic belt 140 mm high and use reinforcement of the twelfth diameter in the upper and lower parts with a step of 150 mm for reinforcement.

As shown in the house plan above, the joist slab and slab slab will create the floor and ceiling between floors.

Attic floor and roof on the plan of the house.

Let's start displaying the attic floor plan. To do this, it is enough to remove unnecessary elements from the ground floor plan and change the thickness of the interior partitions - the plan for the attic floor is ready. On the attic floor I get two guest bedrooms and a hall from which there will be access to a bay window balcony.

Above in the picture is the attic floor, plotted on the plan of the house.

I am starting to draw a plan for the roof of the house in relation to the walls of the attic floor, on which it will rest. The entire rafter part and the beam ceiling of the attic floor is carried out on wooden beams 50 by 150 mm, and the roof will be made of metal tiles.

I plan to make a gable roof, with a small birdhouse above the bay window. Of the complex processes, I see here only the manufacture of two valleys, so I have no doubts about doing everything with my own hands.

This is what a roof plan looks like.

Sketch plan of the facade of the house.

This sketch of the facade of the house is intended purely for my idea of ​​​​what my building will have appearance. With this plan, I will try to choose the optimal angle of the roof to maintain visual proportions.

This is how my sketch of the facade of the house ended up.

Drawing on the project of the house of water supply, sewerage and electrical wiring.

Well, in conclusion, we will draw a wiring diagram for the house, a plan for plumbing and sewerage.

Wiring diagram for a house project.

The purpose of creating this house wiring diagram is to save money on cable, the use of which must be optimized.

I have the following requirements for the wiring diagram:

Each room must have at least two sockets and a socket by the window for the installation of an electric heater.

Multiple lighting points per room.

The stairs also need light.

It is mandatory to have a residual current device for rooms with high humidity.

Electricity was brought to the site from the pole to the garage using a self-supporting SIP cable to the electrical panel. From it, in a plastic pipe, using a VVG 3x6 cable, the cable is wound underground and enters the house through a sleeve in the foundation (red in the drawing).

Thus, I get a wiring diagram for the first floor.

Wiring will be carried out in the gates of aerated concrete walls.

Sewerage and country water supply.

In the previous image, I also showed how the plumbing and sewerage is planned to be done. In blue, I showed the supply of cold water from the well to the basement, where distribution to the kitchen and bathroom will be made. Also, in brown, the path of laying the sewer to the septic tank located on the street is shown.

It is important not to forget when laying water supply and sewerage about a pipe slope of 2-3 degrees.

Planning, furniture placement and even the consumption of materials used - all this is provided for when designing a home. It takes a lot of time and requires the right approach.

But I want to say a huge "Thank you!" programmers who have developed applications and programs for designing a 3D house. They were able to introduce their computer technologies even into our everyday life. This is what our article will be about.

We present to your attention the top ten programs for designing houses.

So, what opportunities does the first program present for us?

We can create drawings and 3D models, as well as sweeps, sketches, plans, and more.

This is a great helper for both the novice and the seasoned professional for home design.

Thanks to this successful development, both two and three-dimensional plans can be made. The finished result can be imported into several of the most common formats.

Also of the pluses, we note the function of a demo video of your project.

The program is completely free.

FloorPlan 3D as a design planning tool

  • Make a project of a private house without someone else's help.
  • Create multiple floor plans at once.
  • Add , windows.
  • "Furnish" a virtual apartment.
  • Add decorative elements.
  • Add comments and notes to a particular element.

All in all, an ideal program for project development.

ArchiCAD - the application that conquered architects

This program is equipped with all the useful features that are needed for a full-fledged design of structures. Many professionals appreciated the program at its true worth. Even furniture and landscape elements are available when planning buildings.

Advantages and disadvantages


What are the benefits of this program? To begin with, that there is an inextricable link between the parts of the building and the elements. If you change something in one part of the house, it will affect everything else, i.e. this software will automatically calculate and rebuild the structure. All the whims of the customer can be easily introduced into an existing project and not bother with the complete processing of the entire structure.

The disadvantages include difficulties in designing non-standard projects and some limitations. And yes, the cost of the program is also decent. But here there is an alternative: the developer gives a choice of a demo version for training and a paid version for those who appreciate the merits of the program.

Arcon: planning all kinds of structures at the highest level


Arkon can rightfully be called a universal program for designing offices and residential buildings, industrial facilities and design structures.

Advantages - the ability to approach interior design in a comprehensive manner, without the need for modifications in other programs. Users rightly noted that the documentation and projects that were prepared through Arkon did not cause inconvenience and problems during verification.

True, there is still a small drawback - there is a price for both the full-scale version of the program and the training one. In the second case, the cost is lower, but you still have to pay. This is a professional tool that requires design skills.

Autodesk 3Ds Max

Autodesk 3D is a multifunctional and affordable program for the design and construction of a house.

In the graph of advantages, we can safely note the possibility of creating three-dimensional objects and images.

This is a very relevant software for those who have a creative approach to work in the first place.

But here is a tangible minus still makes itself felt - the high cost and complexity of training, as well as not very user-friendly interface.

But this is all solvable: fortunately, there are many video tutorials on the Internet, thanks to which you can learn the basics and learn how to make masterpieces of architectural art.