Building a house on a slope has many features. How to determine the slope of the site? How to place a house on a slope? What are the advantages of such construction?
Most good option for construction - a rectangular plot on a flat area. Features of the site dictate the conditions of construction. Do not be disappointed if you have to build a house on a slope - this can become a feature, a highlight of the project, and not a disadvantage.
Surface features (ravines, mountains, hills) are called terrain and are determined by the slope. The slope is defined as the height difference between two points projected onto a horizontal line. The slope of the surface is indicated by percentages, not degrees. For example, a rise of 20 m by 100 m horizontally is 20:100=0.2 (20%). The following types of terrain are determined by the percentage of slope:
For the construction of a private house, flat areas of the terrain or with a slight slope from the center are preferred. Such sites allow you to implement a project of any complexity, but more often they build model houses. If a slope is necessary to remove water, then it is formed with crushed stone, cement, about 50 cm high, and the width is made 1-1.5 m more than the foundation.
Sites with a low slope are suitable for buildings without foundations. Sometimes, for construction, soil is poured from the side of the slope.
Plots with an average slope can be used for buildings with ground floor. In the basement, if access is possible, a garage can be placed. On such a site, soil is not poured, but, on the contrary, part of the slope is cut off. In such buildings, you need to seriously approach the waterproofing of the foundation and the basement.
In areas with a steep slope, construction will require an individual project, taking into account all the features of the surface. Of course, the layout of a house on a slope needs special preparation and additional expenses. But as a bonus, you get a lot of possibilities using the features of the surface.
Your site may seem to you a continuous unresolvable misunderstanding. In fact, there are only a few negative points:
You can build housing in several tiers, thus dividing the house into zones for different purposes. You can clear several parallel terraces to the width of the buildings and build a house in a cascade. The platforms are reinforced with slabs, beams or walls.
The location of the house on such terraces allows you to create a project with outdoor areas for recreation, winter gardens and a dining area under a canopy. This option is recommended already with a surface slope of more than 12 percent. It is also desirable to strengthen the site along the perimeter.
The best option is to build on the southern slope. Living quarters are best oriented to the east, southeast and south. So you will always be warm and light. In the cold season, less snow accumulates on the south side, and it melts faster. If construction on the western slope cannot be avoided, then it is better to place the house closer to the northern border of the site and, if possible, at the highest possible point.
There are two options for the location of the house on the site:
In relation to the house to the horizontal axes of inclination, parallel (a), diagonal (b) and perpendicular (c) placement on the site are distinguished.
In order not to create a shadow, buildings must be placed on a high point of the site (top). This solution simplifies waterproofing and drainage of water from the site. If your house is located in the middle of a slope and there are other areas above, take care of additional water drainage - a system of drainage pipes and ditches will help you.
If you plan to build on a steep rocky site, then you should use every flat site - building with terraces will the best option and help you make the most of the landscape. You can also decide this way: connect the individual buildings with transitions and beat it in the layout. At the bottom, place the entrance hall, wardrobe, above - the kitchen and dining room, then - the rest rooms, and at the top - the bedrooms (diagonal and perpendicular placement). Keep in mind that cold air moves downhill, so at night the temperature in the house can drop by 10 C - this is the effect of a cold pocket. To avoid cooling of the premises, a glazed conservatory or gallery can be arranged from the side of the top near the house.
For the rest, you should adhere to the current fire and sanitary construction standards.
Building a house on a slope- a responsible decision associated with many difficulties. But your reward will be a unique structure. Using the features of the site and competently planning the construction, you will build a non-standard architectural work. From a practical point of view, it is much easier to organize sewerage, irrigation and water drainage on such a site, and by building, taking into account the landscape, it is much easier to save on earthworks and arrangement of the territory. Perhaps you will only benefit by building a house on a slope.
Everyone who decides to build a house knows that the first step is to choose a site. The nature of the terrain determines the upcoming construction costs and the choice of the project of the future home. The most successful place for the construction of buildings are considered flat areas. Our ancestors also advised not to build in areas open to strong winds, to avoid mountains, lowlands and ravines. But if, nevertheless, you got a site that is far from perfect, then you should not give up - a complex relief can play a good service, it is only important to use it correctly.
The terrain refers to the structure of the surface - mountains, lowlands, hills, valleys, ravines, bulges and depressions, plateaus. The relief is determined by the slope - the fall of the surface, which is calculated by the ratio of the difference in height between two points on the terrain to the distance between these points projected onto the horizontal (see Fig.) or the tangent of the slope of the terrain line to the horizontal plane at a given point. The slope is measured as a percentage. For example, a rise of 15 m per 100 m of horizontal movement corresponds to a slope of 0.15 (15%).
Relief slope scheme
Flat terrain is considered if its slope is not more than 3%, a small terrain slope is from 3 to 8%, an average slope is up to 20%, a steep surface has more than 20% slope. The best in terms of construction are flat or with a minimum (up to 3%) slope towards the south, as well as those that have a minimum slope from the central part down on both sides (Fig.
Schemes of the most successful sites for construction with a minimum slope
Here, construction is as easy as possible: with such a relief on the site, various options for the location of the house and other buildings can be implemented.
Sites with a slope up to 3% can be used for building typical houses. Only small slopes are required to drain water from buildings - they are created by backfilling the soil, when using stones, gravel, cement, a slight slope is created from the house to the surface with a height of approximately 50 cm. The width of the backfill is on average 1-1.5 m wider than foundation.
If the slope is small - up to 7%, then it is suitable for the construction of buildings without basements. True, it is possible that at 5-7% of the slope it will be necessary to add soil from the piedmont part (see Fig.).
A site with a small slope of 5-7% with soil filling in the piedmont part of the slope
If the slope exceeds 8%, surface roughness can be used to build a basement. In such cases, they do not make a flat area, but create a lower floor by cutting out part of the slope array. This option is good for building an underground garage, if an entrance is possible from the side of the slope (see fig.).
A site with a cut-out part of the slope for the construction of an underground part (garage, etc.) with a slope above 8%
When the slope is steep and exceeds 15-20%, should consider developing special project house, using all the possibilities of a steep slope. The inconvenience of a slope can be turned into undeniable advantages if it is used to build a multi-tiered dwelling, which will make it possible to create separate blocks in the building: for example, guest rooms with their own entrance, workshop, summer kitchen, garage, pantry. If you have to build on difficult terrain, you need to turn the site into several leveled, flat surfaces. All buildings are placed on horizontal platforms, and their width determines the size of the buildings.
To do this, terraces are created, which are fixed with retaining walls, and connected by steps. Already with a 12% slope, buildings are best erected on terraces (see fig.).
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A site with a steep slope (more than 15%) equipped with terraces with retaining walls
A house built on terraces can be multi-level, have verandas on different tiers, balconies, patios. On the terraces there are also platforms, paths, recreation areas, gazebos and so on.
In the case of a significant difference in relief, more than 15%, it is recommended to install retaining walls so that the vertical seams in adjacent rows of stones do not match. Retaining walls are made of concrete slabs, boulders, bricks, timber, stones (see Fig.).
Terrace made with retaining walls of boulders with a slope of more than 15%
With a high wall height, the stones are fastened with mortar. The largest stones are located in the bottom row. To increase the strength of the retaining wall, all rows of stones are laid with a slope inward. The slope along the boundaries of the site is also fixed with stones, and best material granite, sandstone, limestone will serve for this.
There are two main ways to fit a house into the area, to make it one with the landscape - without changing or with changing the existing relief. If the first option is chosen, the house will organically fit into the surrounding landscape. However, in this case, it will be necessary to adapt its basement and underground part to relief conditions. When choosing the option of building a house on a flat area, the natural relief is disturbed, and planning work and a large amount of earthwork will be required to create harmony on the site.
In relation to the longitudinal axis of the house to horizontal lines slope distinguish between parallel, perpendicular or diagonal placement (see fig.).
The layout of houses in relation to the longitudinal axis of the house to the horizontal lines of the slope:
Scheme of parallel, diagonal and perpendicular arrangement of the house relative to the slope
Note: A residential building and other buildings on the terrain should not obscure the territory, therefore general principle the location of buildings on the terrain can be formulated as follows: buildings should be built on the highest and driest places on the site (see fig.).
The layout of the house at the very top of the slope
With this solution, the foundation is not so susceptible to moisture; easier to carry out earthworks; it is easier to design a basement floor, lay a sewer. When building buildings on a relief, it should be borne in mind that when the house is located at the highest place, all surface water can be effortlessly directed down the slope and used for watering plants. In the event that there are areas located higher up the slope than your house, it is important to ensure that water is drained using pipes or drainage grooves.
Buildings are best oriented to the south. It is good if the facade opens onto an open space, and a beautiful view opens from the windows. In the case when the house has to be installed on a steep slope, there are options when it is placed literally in a mountain - the walls of the building are in close contact with the walls of a recess cut in the mountain, and only the facade is open and goes towards the slope (see photo).
A house built in a rock on a relief with a slope of more than 15%
If the house has to be built on a small plot close to a steep slope, then they use all the possibilities - the maximum approximation of one of the walls of the house to the mountain, the use of each flat area, the creation of terraces (see photo).
Other non-standard solutions are also possible: for example, a road along a horizontal terrace leads to the upper floor, which serves as an entrance hall or hall, a garage is located on the lower terrace, and the upper floor, which coincides with the entrance, is residential (see photo).
Non-standard solution for building a house on the slopes
The direction of the slope of the terrain is also important.. More heat is received, of course, southern slopes.It is desirable that the main living quarters be oriented to the south, southeast or east. If you place a house on the southern slope, this will save energy for heating it. The slopes of the southeast and east directions are also favorable for building a house - there is enough heat here (see fig.). These directions are good for placing houses in cold climates. They are also suitable for warm climates, as coolness comes here earlier. If the entrance to the house is located on the south side of the slope, then in winter time there will be less snow here, and in the spring it will melt faster. The winds from the south side are weaker, and the sun will shine on the terrace during the day and illuminate the premises. A house on the southern slope should be located closer to the eastern border of the site (see fig.).
The layout of the house on the southern slope
Unfavorable for the placement of houses are considered north slopes, the only exception is the hot climate. The best place for a house on the northern slope is closer to its western border, in the middle of the slope (see fig.).
The layout of the house on the northern slope
Regardless of climatic conditions, it is better to avoid building on western slopes, since in the afternoon they always get very hot from the afternoon sun. If the site is located on the eastern or western slopes, then the house is located at the northern border at the highest point, and all outbuildings should be placed below (see fig.).
The layout of the house on the western slope
When placing a house on uneven terrain, it must be taken into account that at night the cold air sinks down, and when an obstacle gets in its way, a so-called “cold pocket” may form, or in another way it is also called a “frost pocket”. If the obstacle in the way of cold air is a house, then the temperature there at night can drop 9 degrees lower than that of the environment (see fig.).
Scheme of the formation of a "frost pocket" when building a house on a slope
If the plans include the creation of a winter garden, then it can be placed on the north side of the house. In this case, in addition to its main function, it will play the role of a kind of thermal buffer, in addition, it will not be necessary to install sun protection devices that protect indoor plants from direct sunlight. It is also good if the open part of the winter garden faces the slope. You can read more about the arrangement of the winter garden in the article.
The layout of the house on the terrain relative to other buildings and objects
All of the above will incur additional costs. But uneven terrain can be a source of inspiration. Proper location of the house and other buildings, taking into account the characteristics of the area, will make the site unique. Houses built on relief can become real works of architecture.
In addition, there are objective positive aspects of building on an uneven site: slopes contribute to a non-forced, natural outflow of surface water that can be used for irrigation; you can save on earthworks when creating basement and basement floors, as well as a garage. So do not be upset if your site is located on uneven terrain - it is he who can contribute to the creation of a unique architecture of the house.
House on a slope or difficult terrain
Choosing a building site country house, we rejoice when we find a perfectly flat area, and we are upset if the location suits us, but the area has a complex terrain. Do not worry about this, because a talented architect can always turn the shortcomings of the site into its undeniable advantages. The only question is: how much will such an exclusive cost?
The future construction costs and the choice of the project of the future house largely depend on the features of the relief. The relief is determined by the slope of the surface, which is calculated as the ratio of the difference in the height of two points of the terrain to the distance between them horizontally, which is the tangent of the angle of inclination of the line to the terrain.
The slope is measured in fractions or percentages.. For example, climbing 10 m while moving 100 m diagonally corresponds to a slope of 0.10 or 10%. Depending on the magnitude of the slope, the sections are flat (the slope is not more than 3%), with a small slope - from 3 to 8%, medium - up to 20% and steep - over 20%.
Slope formula: (slope = a/b x 100%), where a is the height difference, b is the distance Of course, flat areas are optimal from the point of view of construction, but in this article we will not talk about them. On plots with a small slope, there are several ways to build a house.:
Naturally, the question may arise: is it possible to level the slope, ensuring a smooth construction site? As practice shows, changing the natural structure of the relief is extremely rarely advisable, since it is associated with large labor and financial costs, as well as with a violation of the state of the environment (movement of groundwater, soil layer, vegetation, etc.).
That is why, when building on complex terrain, it is better to turn to "organic architecture", the main canons of which were developed by the American architect Frank Lloyd Wright. This architecture is "inscribed" in nature - "enveloping" the trees, "climbing" the slope, repeating the most remarkable features of the relief, which allows the house to organically dissolve in the surrounding landscape. The formation of a rational slope profile is achieved by giving it an appropriate steepness, terracing and general planning.
When searching building sites for houses experts advise choosing the most elevated and dry place on the site. This is due to a number of reasons:
Of great importance for construction on a slope is the composition and features of the occurrence of soils, as well as groundwater. In some cases, in order to eliminate or weaken the softening and destructive effect of groundwater on soils, to reduce and eliminate filtration pressure, it is necessary to make artificial dewatering.
There are many difficulties in designing houses on slopes and their subsequent construction. The task of the architect is to turn them into pluses. Of great importance for the formation of the architectural image of the house is the direction from which the entrance to it is carried out - from the foot of the slope or from its top: when "recognizing" the house, its perception changes.
In the first case, as a rule, the building is located so that we see it completely. In the second, only the “top” of the building is visible, that is, those floors (or floor) that are at the top of the slope. We enter the house, and suddenly it turns out that it is much larger, that it has not one or two, but three floors. There is a gradual "disclosure".
If we talk about the technical issues of erecting a building on a difficult terrain, then the main role here is given to the features of the soils occurring on the site. It is one thing - a homogeneous soil or a dense layer that can serve as the basis for the foundation. In this case, it is possible to pour a monolithic strip foundation, designing it so that it can resist slope pressure.
And it is a completely different matter if the soil lies in heterogeneous horizontal or, moreover, inclined layers that can slide down the slope. Under these conditions, it will be necessary to build a foundation on piles. The nature and depth of groundwater should also be taken into account.
Terracing of slopes is used to prevent slipping of the soil. Artificial change in the relief of a slope (slope) should be provided to prevent and stabilize the processes of shear, slip, extrusion, scree and soil flow, including landslide flows.
Since the house is partially buried in the slope, increased requirements are placed on the hydro and thermal insulation of the building in order to avoid condensation and leaks on the walls. It is also necessary to provide for the presence of supply and exhaust ventilation in the house, as part of the premises will remain without the possibility of natural ventilation.
One of the most important characteristics of a site with a complex relief, taken into account when designing buildings, is its exposition - a combination of steepness and slope orientation. We already talked about the steepness (slope level) at the beginning of the article, let's consider the concept of orientation. Orientation is expressed in azimuths or bearings.
The azimuth geodetic scale of the horizon has 360º, counting clockwise from north. According to the orientation of the slope, the territory is divided into sections corresponding to eight points - north, northeast, east, southeast, south, southwest, west, northwest.
The most favorable slopes for construction are those facing south and southeast. It turns out that the orientation of the slope, no less than the geological features of the site, affects the decision on the possibility or impossibility of construction.
The slopes facing south and southeast are most favorable for this, and those that are oriented to the north or west are unfavorable. And that's why. The slopes facing south and southeast are well insolated (lit by sunlight), the winds from the south side blow weaker, which ultimately partially saves on heating the building. In this case, even the use of alternative sources of heat production - solar installations - can become economically beneficial.
Experts are unanimous that the northern slopes are completely unsuitable for building a house (with the exception of areas with a hot climate). Insolation here is insufficient, strong cold winds blow. It is very difficult and, most importantly, more expensive to make a home comfortable in such conditions. Building on the western slopes should also be avoided, but for a completely different reason. In the afternoon, they are exposed to the active effects of sunlight, which can lead to overheating of the premises and the discomfort of the people in them.
Based on the analysis of the exposure of the slopes, a decision is made to exclude certain areas of the territory from the main building. They can be used for other functional purposes.
It should be borne in mind that building on a slope is not always possible. In particular, if the study of soils showed the likelihood of a landslide. Of course, something can be done in this case, for example, to install foundation piles with a depth of 20 m, if this, of course, is economically justified. The customer must decide for himself whether he is ready to incur large financial expenses. Sometimes the site offers a beautiful view of the sea, mountains or other landscape beauty, which is of decisive importance for future owners of real estate on a slope.
And yet, before building a house on a site with difficult terrain, it is recommended to without fail conduct a thorough soil survey. For example, in the West there is such a practice. Before making a decision to build on any site, its potential owners contact the design bureau.
Architects study the features of the relief and give an opinion on how economically justified the construction there is. We practically do not have this stage. Moreover, in practice, there were cases when all the architect's convictions had no effect on the customers, and construction was stopped at the zero cycle stage, as the customer's money ran out. As a result, he was left without money and without a home.
It must be understood that economical construction does not work on difficult terrain. The costs of the zero cycle (digging a foundation pit, monolithic and drainage works, constructing retaining walls, etc.) can exceed the cost of the house itself. Everything here also depends on the cost of land in a given place, sometimes the cost of a site with a difficult terrain can be an order of magnitude lower than nearby sites with a flat surface, in which case the costs of a zero cycle can be justified.
Although construction on a slope or on difficult terrain is carried out exclusively according to individual projects, all of them can be divided into two types in one way or another:
The former have a stepped shape corresponding to the slope of the plot being built up, and are divided into cascade-sectional (consisting of sections of equal height, shifted vertically by half a floor or a floor) and terraced. Terraced houses consist of one-, two- and three-story buildings, running both along and across the slope. At the same time, the roof of the lower part of the building is a terrace-balcony for the higher one. If cascade-section houses are designed for construction on slopes with a slope of 7 to 17%, then terraced houses are at least 25-30%.
The second type of buildings - houses of variable number of storeys have a long side across or diagonally to the slope. At the same time, they have a roof at the same level and a different number of floors in different parts of the building, which depends on the difference in relief. The construction of houses of variable number of storeys is possible on slopes with any slope.
Consumption ecology. Homestead: did you like the site, but does it have a difficult terrain? Do not get upset and try to level it right away in order to build a house on a perfectly flat area. Firstly, it is expensive, and secondly, the apparent imperfections of the landscape can turn into special advantages. In this article, we will consider the options for building a house on the terrain and the technical nuances of the building.
Interaction of architectural form and landscape
There are two positions: "polarization" is the opposition of the architectural form to the natural landscape and "integration" is the fusion of the architectural structure with the natural landscape. Let's consider each type in more detail.
During polarization, the surface of the earth is left in its original form, and the building rises above the natural relief with the help of various structures - supports, columns. The whole point of such a building is to tear off the main volume of the building from the surface, while the contact of the building with the natural landscape is minimal. Such a construction is carried out according to the "bridge" scheme. The whole building will, as it were, stand out, move away from the natural features of the relief. The design of the building should speak for itself and play in contrast with nature. It looks like the hut on chicken legs of Baba Yaga stood on a slope! An important role in the construction on the principle of "polarization" is played by all kinds of complementary structures - ramps, ladders, bridges. They also should not be inscribed in the relief, but only emphasize the contrast of the entire building. It enhances the contrast effect of the architectural form in the natural landscape with the ability to view the building from below, which is an unusual phenomenon in buildings that are familiar to everyone.
Rice. 1. Polarization of architecture and landscape
When integrating architectural form, on the contrary, should be organically inscribed in the existing natural landscape, as if dissolving in it. Stairs, terraces, ramps, supports, columns, natural materials for construction and decoration should only enhance the effect of the fusion of the building with nature. The building with all the additional elements only emphasizes the differences and features of the existing relief. In this case, the house is made according to the "staircase" scheme.
Rice. 2. Integration of architecture and landscape
Additionally, in the principle of integration, "deep integration" is distinguished. In this form, the architectural form is directly embedded in the relief. Caves and various crevices here are taken as the basis of the building and are included in the building design as the main element. Remember the hobbit houses?
Rice. 3. Deep integration of architecture and landscape
Site tricks
The project of the future construction and the costs for it directly depend on the characteristics of the landscape, surface topography and slopes. Before starting construction, a thorough analysis of the site should be carried out, the slope and orientation of the slopes should be checked, and the soil should be examined for the likelihood of a landslide. A geological study of the soil by specialists will make it possible to understand how justified and costly construction will be on a specific site (the cost of the study is 3-6 thousand rubles). Such field work can reduce the final cost of construction by 10-15%!
Often, at the initial stage, it is the orientation of the slope that determines the possibility or impossibility of construction. It divides the site according to the cardinal points (north, northeast, east, southeast, south, southwest, west, northwest). The northern slopes are suitable for construction only in areas with a hot climate. In others climatic conditions they will be poorly illuminated and excessively blown by cold winds, which will require high costs for heating and additional lighting. The southern and southeastern slopes are the most favorable and well suited for building houses. Such slopes are well illuminated by sunlight and are less blown by winds, which makes it possible to significantly save on space heating. If the slope is well lit, it is possible to use alternative sources of heating.
In addition to the orientation of the slope, the magnitude of the slope plays an important role in construction. It is calculated as the ratio of the difference between the upper and lower points of the terrain to the horizontal distance between them - this is the tangent of the angle of inclination of the line to the surface.
Rice. 4. Calculation of the slope
According to the magnitude of the slope, the plots are divided into:
even,< 3%;
with a small slope, 3-8%;
with an average slope< 20%;
with a steep slope, > 20%.
It will be less costly and easiest to build buildings on a flat area and a site with a small slope. To level a small slope, soil is additionally poured from the side of the slope, this will save on a non-standard project and build any standard building on the site. Level more steep slopes not worth it, as this will violate the natural state of the environment and entail large financial and labor costs. Medium and steep slopes necessarily require an individual project for construction, while the lower levels of the building cut into the slope or are built according to the cascade-sectional type in the form of a staircase.
Technical nuances of architecture on a slope
All individual projects for the construction of houses on a slope are divided into two main types: stepped houses and houses of variable number of storeys. Stepped houses are built according to the slope in the form of stairs and are:
cascading - sectional, consisting of sections equal in height, shifted vertically; suitable for construction on slopes with a small or medium slope.
Rice. 5. Cascade-sectional stepped house
terraced, consisting of buildings located both along and across the slope, where the roof of one building is a terrace for another; they are built on steep slopes.
Rice. 6. Terraced step house
Houses of variable number of storeys are erected with the long side across or diagonally to the slope, the roof of the buildings is on the same level. The construction of such houses is possible on the slopes of any type of slope.
Rice. 7. House of variable number of floors
In order to make technically and economically justified decisions on construction on a site with a difficult terrain, before starting any work, it is required to develop pre-project documentation based on an engineering analysis of the terrain on the site. In the construction of houses on a slope, an important role is given to the composition of the soil on the site: homogeneous soil will serve as a good basis for a monolithic strip foundation, and heterogeneous soil will require the creation of a foundation on piles. Terracing slopes will help stabilize the ground and prevent it from slipping. Docking a house with a slope requires increased attention to waterproofing and ventilation of the premises.
Tips
For construction, you need to choose the most elevated and dry place on the site.
Buildings located below the highest part of the hill contribute to the formation of a "cold pocket" - stagnation of cold night air.
Construction on the highest site does not allow precipitation to accumulate, which ensures optimal surface water runoff.
Depending on the composition of the soil, additional surface drainage or even foundation drainage may be required.
To eliminate or reduce the damaging effects of groundwater, artificial dewatering, the construction of open drains or ditches, closed tubular or wells of various types may be required (according to SNiP 22-02-2003 "Engineering protection of territories, buildings and structures from dangerous geological processes").
Before starting construction, take care of a convenient access for construction equipment, a place for storing materials, protecting the construction site from storm water runoff from the slope, and supporting structures to stabilize landslide processes.
It should be understood that the complex terrain of the site in any case will require large financial investments already at the zero cycle (digging a ditch, drainage, retaining work), which can cost even more than.
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As you know, the ideal place for the construction of a building is a flat, even area or a place with a slight slope. But what if you got a picturesque site with a significant slope? The easiest option is to make the features of the relief an advantage, not a disadvantage.
Building designs on sloping sites are different from conventional buildings. And if before it was necessary to develop each building in individually, now appeared turnkey solutions and recommendations, following which, you will cope even with such difficult work.
In the photo - even a small slope significantly affects the design of the house
You should know that the steepness of the slope is not measured in degrees, but in percentages. That is, the level difference in a section of 100 meters, which is 30 meters, is a slope of 30%.
And finally, depending on the relief, several main types of terrain can be distinguished:
If you have firmly decided that you will build a house on a site with difficult terrain, we advise you to consider several important points:
Due to all of the above factors, it is safe to say that the project of a house with a basement on a slope is the best option. The difference, as a result of which the price also decreases. The pit comes out much smaller, because only part of the floor is underground.
Advice!
You should not listen to those who claim that the basement almost doubles the cost of the project.
Properly calculated designs will slightly increase overall costs.
Consider several options that can serve as a kind of instruction for those who are going to build a building on a slope. Based on these examples, you can make your own version that will best meet your needs.
Such houses can often be found in northern Europe, they have a number of features:
As you can see from the plan, the floor is quite large, and you can easily place both a garage with a boiler room and a gym with a sauna on it. At your disposal are very large areas that can be used at your discretion - you can relax with friends, or you can make a workshop.
Everything here is imbued with the spirit of practicality and functionality - the entrance to the house passes through a cozy covered terrace. The axial room is a spacious hall from which you can enter the kitchen combined with a living room of a very interesting configuration, on the other side there are two bedrooms and a bathroom.
This level is small and very cozy - in such a bedroom you can relax from the hustle and bustle under the sound of rain, the bathroom increases convenience, because you do not have to go downstairs.
For those who do not need a second level and like one-story buildings, we suggest considering the second option. And if you have to dig a deep pit on a flat area, then the basement on the slope is much easier to make - only part of the level deepens.
