BUILDING REGULATIONS
DESIGN STANDARDS
BOILER INSTALLATIONS
SNiP II-35-76
Chapter SNiP II-35-76 "Boiler plants" was developed by the Santekhproekt Institute of the USSR State Construction Committee with the participation of the institutes VNIPIenergoprom of the USSR Ministry of Energy, TsKTI im. I.I. Polzunov Minenergomash, Teploproekt Minmontazhspetsstroy of the USSR, Krasnoyarsk PromstroyNIIproekt Montazhstroy USSR and Gidrotekhmontazh Minmontazhspetsstroy of the USSR.
With the entry into force of this chapter of SNiP, the chapter of SNiP II-G.9-65 “Boiler plants. Design standards” and “Guidelines for the design of boiler plants” (SN 350-66).
EDITORS engineers Yu.B. Aleksandrovich, O.I. Kosov ( Gosstroy of the USSR), I.I. Schoolboy, M.D. Yazvin(Santekhproekt).
APPROVED by resolution State Committee Council of Ministers for Construction of December 31, 1976 No. 229.
The changes approved by the Decree of the Gosstroy of the USSR dated 8.09.77 No. 140 and introduced from 1.01.78 and the change No. 1, approved by the Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated 11.09.97 No. 18-52, are included in the text of the document, the amended items are marked * .
With the introduction of SNiP 2.04.14-88 approved. fast. Gosstroy of the USSR of August 9, 1988 No. 155, become invalid from 01.08.90 section 13 and applications 6-8.
1. General instructions
2. Master plan and transport
General plan
Transport
3. Space-planning and Constructive decisions
4.* Fuel
5. Furnace devices
6. Boilers and "tail" heating surfaces
7. Gas-air path, chimneys, flue gas cleaning
Gas-air path
Chimneys
Flue gas cleaning
8. Pipelines
9. Accessories
10. Water treatment and water chemistry
General requirements
Water pre-treatment
Pre-boiler water treatment for steam boilers
Boiler and magnetic water treatment for steam boilers
Steam boiler blowdown
Water treatment for heating and hot water systems
Equipment and facilities for water treatment plants
Condensate treatment
11. Unloading, receiving, storing and supplying fuel to the boiler room
solid fuel
Liquid fuel
gaseous fuel
12. Ash and slag removal
14. Power supply and electrical devices
15. Automation
General requirements
Equipment protection
Signaling
Automatic regulation
Control
16. Heating and ventilation
17. Water supply and sewerage
Water pipes
Sewerage
18. Additional requirements for the design of boiler houses intended for construction in the Northern building-climatic zone and in areas with seismic activity of 7 points or more
Construction in the Northern building-climatic zone
Construction in areas with seismic activity of 7 points or more
19. Technical and economic indicators
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Attachment 1 |
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Appendix 2 |
List of professions of boiler house workers by groups of production processes and the composition of special household premises and devices |
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Appendix 3 |
Safety factors when choosing smoke exhausters and draft fans |
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Appendix 4 |
Cleaning coefficients for ash collectors |
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Appendix 5 |
Minimum distances in the light between the surfaces of the thermal insulation structures of adjacent pipelines and from the surface of the thermal insulation of pipelines to the building structures of the building |
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Appendix 9 |
Characteristics of buildings (premises) and structures of boiler houses according to environmental conditions |
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Annex 10 |
Categories and subcategories of visual works for rooms and structures of boiler rooms |
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Appendix 11 |
Air temperature in the working area of industrial premises, ventilation systems, methods of air supply and removal |
1.1. These rules and regulations must be observed when designing new and reconstructed boiler plants (boiler rooms) with steam, hot water and steam boilers, regardless of capacity, with a steam pressure of not more than 40 kgf / cm 2 * and with a water temperature of not more than 200 ° C.
Note: These rules do not apply to the design of boilers for thermal power plants, mobile boilers, boilers with electrode boilers, waste heat boilers, boilers with high-temperature organic heat carriers (HOT) and other specialized types of boilers for technological purposes, boilers for apartment heating systems.
1.2. When designing boiler rooms with boilers subordinate to the USSR Gosgortekhnadzor (with a steam pressure of more than 1.7 kgf / cm 2 and with a water temperature of more than 115 ° C), in addition to these rules and regulations, it is necessary to observe, in particular, the safety rules approved by the USSR Gosgortekhnadzor.
1.3.* The design of new and reconstructed boiler houses should be carried out in accordance with the approved heat supply schemes, developed taking into account the construction of autonomous (individual) boiler houses.
In the absence of an approved heat supply scheme, the design of boiler houses is allowed on the basis of relevant feasibility studies (FS), agreed in the prescribed manner.
The type of fuel for boiler houses is determined in agreement with fuel-containing organizations in the prescribed manner. At the same time, the use of solid or liquid fuel for rooftop boilers is not allowed.
1.4. Boilers are divided by purpose into:
heating - to provide heat to heating, ventilation and hot water systems;
heating and production - to provide heat for heating, ventilation, hot water supply systems and for process heat supply;
industrial - for technological heat supply.
1.5.* Boilers by location are divided into:
stand-alone;
attached to buildings for other purposes;
built into buildings for other purposes, regardless of the location floor;
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
1.6.* For industrial buildings industrial enterprises it is allowed to design attached, built-in and roof boiler rooms. For boiler houses attached to buildings of the specified purpose, the total thermal output of the installed boilers, the unit output of each boiler and the parameters of the coolant are not standardized. At the same time, boiler rooms should be located near the walls of the building, where the distance from the wall of the boiler room to the nearest opening should be at least 2 m horizontally, and the distance from the ceiling of the boiler room to the nearest opening vertically - at least 8 m.
For boiler houses built into industrial buildings of industrial enterprises, when using boilers with a steam pressure of up to 0.07 MPa (1.7 kgf / cm 2) and a water temperature of up to 115 ° C, the thermal power of the boilers is not standardized.
The thermal power of boilers with a steam pressure of more than 0.07 MPa (1.7 kgf / cm 2) and a water temperature of more than 115 ° C should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bestablished by the Rules for the Construction and Safe Operation of Steam and Hot Water Boilers approved by the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia.
Roof boilers for industrial buildings of industrial enterprises may be designed using boilers with steam pressure up to 0.07 MPa (1.7 kgf / cm 2) and water temperature up to 115 ° C. At the same time, the thermal power of such a boiler house should not exceed the heat demand of the building for the heat supply of which it is intended, but not more than 5 MW.
It is not allowed to place roof and built-in boiler rooms above industrial premises and warehouses of categories A and B for explosion and fire hazard.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
1.7.* The placement of boiler rooms built into multi-apartment residential buildings is not allowed.
For residential buildings, the installation of attached and roof boiler rooms is allowed. These boiler houses may be designed using hot water boilers with water temperatures up to 115 °C.
The thermal output of the boiler house must not exceed the heat demand of the building for which it is intended to supply heat, and the thermal output of the rooftop boiler must not exceed 3.0 MW.
It is not allowed to design attached boiler rooms directly adjacent to residential buildings from the entrance entrances, and wall sections with window openings, where the distance from the outer wall of the boiler room to the nearest window of the living room is less than 4 m horizontally, and the distance from the boiler room ceiling to the nearest window of the living room less than 8 m vertically.
It is not allowed to place roof boilers directly on the ceilings of residential premises (the ceiling of a residential premises cannot serve as the base of the boiler room floor), as well as adjacent to residential premises.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
1.8.* For public, administrative and domestic buildings, it is allowed to design built-in, attached and roof boilers when using:
Hot water boilers with water heating temperature up to 115 °С;
Steam boilers with saturated steam pressure up to 0.07 MPa (1.7 kgf / cm 2), satisfying the condition
(t - 100) V£100 for each boiler,
where t- temperature of saturated steam at operating pressure, °С;
V- water volume of the boiler, m 3.
At the same time, in boiler rooms located in the basement, it is not allowed to provide boilers designed to operate on gaseous and liquid fuels with a vapor flash point below 45 ° C.
The total thermal power of an individual boiler house should not exceed the heat demand of the building or structure for the heat supply of which it is intended, in addition, the thermal power should not exceed, MW:
3.0 - for the roof and for the built-in boiler room with boilers for liquid and gaseous fuels;
1.5 - for a built-in boiler room with solid fuel boilers.
The total heat output of the attached boiler houses is not limited.
It is not allowed to place attached boiler rooms on the side of the main facade of the building. The distance from the wall of the boiler house building to the nearest window must be at least 4 m horizontally, and from the cover of the boiler room to the nearest window at least 8 m vertically. Such boiler rooms are also not allowed to be placed adjacent to, under and above the premises with a simultaneous stay of more than 50 people in them.
It is not allowed to design roof, built-in and attached boiler houses to the buildings of preschool and school institutions, to the medical and dormitory buildings of hospitals and clinics, to the medical and dormitory buildings of sanatoriums and recreation facilities.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
1.9. The design of boiler rooms attached to warehouses for combustible materials of flammable and combustible liquids is not allowed, with the exception of fuel warehouses for boiler houses (clause 11.51 of these rules and regulations).
1.10. It is not allowed to place built-in boiler rooms under public premises (foyers and auditoriums, retail premises of shops, classrooms and auditoriums). educational institutions, halls of canteens, restaurants, changing rooms and soapy baths, showers, etc.) and under warehouses of combustible materials.
1.11. Heat consumers in terms of heat supply reliability include:
to the first category - consumers, the violation of heat supply of which is associated with a danger to human life or with significant damage national economy(damage to process equipment, mass defective products);
The lists of heat consumers of the first category are approved by the union and union-republican ministries and departments in agreement with the USSR State Planning Committee and the USSR Gosstroy.
1.12. Boilers in terms of reliability of heat supply to consumers include:
to the first category - boiler houses, which are the only source of heat in the heat supply system and provide consumers of the first category who do not have individual backup heat sources;
1.13. Thermal loads for the calculation and selection of boiler room equipment should be determined for three characteristic modes:
maximum winter - at an average outdoor temperature in the coldest five-day period;
the coldest month - at the average outdoor temperature in the coldest month;
summer - at the design temperature of the outside air of the warm period (design parameters A).
The specified average and calculated outdoor temperatures are taken in accordance with building codes and rules on building climatology and geophysics and on the design of heating, ventilation and air conditioning.
1.14. For the heat supply of buildings and structures with standby heating or in the operation of heating systems of which breaks are allowed, the possibility of operation of the boiler room equipment under these conditions should be provided.
1.15. The design capacity of the boiler house is determined by the sum of the hourly heat consumption for heating and ventilation in the maximum winter mode, the estimated heat consumption for hot water supply, determined in accordance with building codes and rules for the design of hot water supply, and the estimated heat consumption for technological purposes. When determining the design capacity of the boiler house, heat consumption for the boiler house's own needs and heat losses in the boiler house and in heat networks should also be taken into account.
Note. Estimated heat consumption for technological purposes should be taken into account the possibility of discrepancy between the maximum heat consumption by individual consumers.
1.16. The number and unit capacity of the boiler units installed in the boiler room should be selected according to the estimated performance of the boiler house, checking the operating mode of the boiler units for the warm period of the year; at the same time, in the event of failure of the largest boiler in boiler rooms of the first category, the remaining ones must ensure the supply of heat to consumers of the first category:
for process heat supply and ventilation systems - in the amount determined by the minimum allowable loads (regardless of the outdoor temperature);
for heating and hot water supply - in the amount determined by the mode of the coldest month.
In the event of failure of one boiler, regardless of the category of the boiler house, the amount of heat supplied to consumers of the second category is not standardized.
The maximum number of boilers installed in the boiler room is determined on the basis of technical and economic calculations.
Boiler rooms should provide for the installation of at least two boilers, with the exception of industrial boiler rooms of the second category, in which the installation of one boiler is allowed.
1.17. In the projects of boiler houses, factory and standard layouts of boiler units and auxiliary equipment should be adopted.
1.18.* Boiler projects should include:
boilers, economizers, air heaters, ash collectors and other equipment in a modular transportable design of increased factory readiness;
enlarged mounting blocks of pipelines and gas-air pipelines;
enlargement of groups of technologically interconnected auxiliary equipment by arranging it into transportable assembly blocks with pipelines and fittings.
For built-in, attached and roof boilers, automated boilers of full factory readiness should be provided.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
1.19.* Outside the buildings of boiler houses, in open areas, it is allowed to place draft machines, ash collectors, deaerators, calciners, clarifiers, tanks for various purposes, fuel oil heaters; at the same time, measures should be taken to ensure reliable and safe operation, protection against freezing of pipelines and fittings, as well as measures to protect the environment from pollution and noise protection.
The possibility of installing a roof boiler on buildings of any purpose above the 26.5 m mark must be agreed with the territorial bodies of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
1.20.* The technological scheme and layout of the boiler room equipment should provide:
optimal mechanization and automation technological processes, safe and convenient equipment maintenance;
installation of equipment in queues;
the smallest length of communications;
optimal conditions for mechanization repair work;
the possibility of entering the boiler room for floor transport (forklifts, electric cars) for transporting equipment components and pipelines during repair work.
Automation of technological processes of individual boiler houses should ensure safe operation without permanent maintenance personnel.
For the repair of equipment components, fittings and pipelines weighing more than 50 kg, inventory lifting devices (electric cars, truck cranes) should, as a rule, be provided.
If it is impossible to maintain equipment using inventory devices for these purposes, it is allowed to provide stationary lifting mechanisms (hoists, hoists, overhead and overhead cranes). Stationary hoisting devices required when performing only installation work are not included in the project.
To ensure the repair of equipment installed in open areas, ground-based trackless cranes should, as a rule, be provided.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
1.21.* In boiler rooms, it is necessary to provide for repair areas or premises for the current repair of equipment, fittings, control and regulation devices. At the same time, one should take into account the possibility of performing work on the current repair of the specified equipment by industrial enterprises or regional specialized organizations.
Repair areas are not provided for in autonomous boiler houses. Repair of equipment, fittings, control and regulation devices should be carried out by specialized organizations that have the appropriate licenses, using their inventory devices and bases.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
1.22.* The placement of boilers and auxiliary equipment in boiler rooms (the distance between boilers and building structures, the width of the passages), as well as the arrangement of platforms and stairs for servicing equipment, depending on the parameters of the coolant, should be provided in accordance with the Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Steam and Hot Water Boilers approved by Gosgortekhnadzor Russia, the Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Steam Boilers with a Steam Pressure of Not More Than 0.07 MPa (1.7 kgf / cm 2), Hot Water Boilers and Water Heaters with a Water Heating Temperature Not Above 338K (115 ° C), approved by the Ministry of Construction of Russia, and also in accordance with the passports and operating instructions for the boilers.
For autonomous automated boiler rooms operating without permanent maintenance personnel, the dimensions of the passages are taken in accordance with the passports and operating instructions to ensure free access during maintenance, installation and dismantling of equipment.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
1.23. * Categories of industries for explosive, explosive and fire hazards, the degree of fire resistance of buildings (premises) and boiler facilities should be taken in accordance with appendix. 1 to these rules and regulations, as well as in accordance with the norms of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia NPB 105-95.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
1a.* TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Boiler room- a complex of buildings and structures, a building or premises with a boiler (heat generator) and auxiliary technological equipment designed to generate heat for the purpose of heat supply.
Central boiler house- a boiler room designed to supply heat to several buildings and structures connected to it by external heat networks.
Autonomous (individual) boiler room - a boiler room designed to supply heat to one building or structure.
Roof boiler room - a boiler room located (placed) on the roof of the building directly or on a specially arranged base above the roof.
Section 1a (Introduced additionally. Amendment No. 1).
2.1. Land plots for the construction of boiler houses are selected in accordance with the heat supply scheme, planning and development projects for cities, towns and rural settlements, master plans for enterprises, schemes for master plans for groups of enterprises with common facilities (industrial hubs).
The procedure for coordinating the placement of boiler rooms, individual buildings and structures and other objects that may threaten the safety of aircraft flights or interfere with the normal operation of airfield radio facilities, as well as the dimensions land plots boiler rooms should be taken in accordance with SNiP II-60-75.
2.2. When designing the master plan of the boiler house, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of placing pre-assembly sites, warehouses, as well as temporary structures necessary for the period of construction and installation work.
2.3. Warehouses for fuel, reagents, materials, laboratory premises, as well as auxiliary premises of boiler houses located on the sites of industrial enterprises, should be combined with similar buildings, premises and structures of these enterprises.
2.4.* The main building, fuel facilities and ash and slag removal facilities, a transformer substation, a gas control point (GRP), a condensate collection and pumping station, hot water storage tanks, water treatment buildings and reagent facilities should be located on the boiler site.
These buildings and structures may be combined, observing the requirements of Sec. 11 of these rules and regulations.
For built-in and attached individual boiler houses, closed warehouses for storing solid and liquid fuels located outside the boiler room and the building for the heat supply of which it is intended should be provided, in accordance with SNiP 2.07.01-89 *.
The capacity of liquid fuel storage facilities should not exceed the values established by building codes and regulations for the design of oil and petroleum product storage facilities for storage facilities of the second group.
The fencing of boiler houses should be designed in accordance with the Guidelines for the Design of Fences for Sites and Sites of Enterprises, Buildings and Structures.
Buildings and fences of boiler houses located on the sites of industrial enterprises are not allowed to be fenced.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
2.5. Outside the site of the boiler room, it is allowed to have unloading devices for fuel supply, fuel depots, fuel oil facilities, condensate collection and pumping stations, hot water storage tanks, pumping stations and tanks for fire fighting and drinking water supply, ash and slag dumps; at the same time, fuel oil facilities, hot water supply storage tanks, fire-fighting and drinking water supply tanks must have fences.
2.6. The drainage system from the territory of the boiler house should be designed open, and in the conditions of development - in conjunction with the industrial and rain sewer networks of the enterprise or area in which the boiler house is located.
2.7. Distances to residential and public buildings should be taken:
from buildings, structures of the boiler house, as well as from equipment installed in open areas - according to sanitary standards for the permissible noise level in residential buildings;
from warehouses of solid and liquid fuels, acids, alkalis and other highly toxic substances - according to special standards.
2.8. Ash and slag should be used for the needs of construction and the construction industry. If it is impossible to use them, ash and slag dumps should be designed, observing the following conditions:
the dimensions of the ash and slag dump site should be provided taking into account the operation of the boiler house for at least 25 years with the allocation of the first stage of construction, designed for the operation of the boiler house for 10 years:
ash and slag dumps should be placed on unsuitable for Agriculture land plots, near the site of the boiler house: in this case, lowlands, ravines, wetlands, developed quarries subject to
improvement, taking into account perspective development construction area.
When designing, it is necessary to provide for the protection of water bodies from the removal of ash and slag by rain or flood waters.
2.9. The transport scheme of the boiler house is adopted on the basis of its design capacity, taking into account the sequence of construction and expansion prospects.
2.10. The regime for supplying rolling stock for unloading the main or reserve fuel and reagents (weight rate of supply, number and size of rates, duration of unloading, carrying capacity of wagons and tanks) is established in agreement with the bodies of the Ministry of Railways. When establishing the weight rate of supply, the salary capacity calculated in accordance with Section 11 of these rules and regulations must be taken into account.
2.11. The supply of loaded wagons and the hauling of empty cars must be carried out by means of the Ministry of Railways or the industrial enterprise on whose territory the boiler house is located.
2.12. For boilers with a capacity of more than 50 Gcal / h, when delivering fuel or removing ash and slag by road, the main road entrance connecting the boiler site with the external road network should have two lanes.
For boilers with a capacity of 50 Gcal / h or less, regardless of the method of fuel delivery and removal of ash and slag, an access device should be provided. highway with one lane.
2.13. The projects should provide for the possibility of road transport access to the buildings and structures of boiler houses and to equipment installed in open areas.
Roads for road transport providing the conduct of the technological process must have improved capital coatings.
3.1.* When designing buildings and structures of boiler houses, one should be guided by building codes and rules for the design of industrial buildings, administrative and amenity buildings, structures of industrial enterprises and the instructions of this section.
When designing built-in, attached and roof boilers, one should additionally be guided by the requirements of building codes and regulations of those buildings and structures for the heat supply of which they are intended.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
3.2. When designing boiler houses, it is necessary to ensure a unified architectural and compositional solution for all buildings and structures, simplicity and expressiveness of facades and interiors, as well as to provide for the use of economical structures and finishing materials.
3.3. The dimensions of the spans of buildings and structures of boiler houses should be taken as a multiple of 6 m.
With special justification, it is allowed to use spans with dimensions that are multiples of 3 m.
The dimensions of the spans of whatnots are allowed to be taken as multiples of 1.5 m.
3.4. The pitch of the columns should be taken as 6 m. With special justification, the pitch of the columns may be taken as 12 m .
3.5. The height of the built-in mezzanines or platforms for equipment should be taken according to technological requirements and assigned in multiples of 0.3 m.
3.6. Boiler buildings must be designed with spans in one direction.
Layout solutions with spans of different directions are allowed in a cramped construction site when designing the reconstruction of boiler houses.
3.7. Space-planning and design solutions for buildings and structures of boiler houses should allow for the possibility of their expansion.
3.8. To ensure the possibility of large-block installation of equipment in the walls and ceilings of boiler houses, mounting openings should be provided.
Such openings, as a rule, should be provided in the end wall from the expansion side of the boiler room.
3.9.* Built-in boiler rooms should be separated from adjacent rooms by type 2 fire walls or type 1 fire partitions and type 3 fire ceilings. Attached boiler rooms should be separated from the main building by a type 2 fire wall. At the same time, the wall of the building to which the boiler room is attached must have a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours, and the boiler room must be covered with non-combustible materials.
The load-bearing and enclosing structures of rooftop boiler houses must have a fire resistance limit of 0.75 h, the flame propagation limit for the structure is equal to zero, and the roofing of the main building under the boiler room and at a distance of 2 m from its walls must be made of non-combustible materials or protected from fire with a concrete screed of thickness not less than 20 mm.
The resistance to air and vapor permeability of walls and ceilings separating built-in and attached boiler rooms from other rooms, as well as building coverings when boiler rooms are placed on roofs, must comply with the requirements of SNiP II-3-79 * "Construction Heat Engineering".
The internal surfaces of the walls of built-in and roof boiler rooms must be painted with moisture-resistant paints.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
3.10.* Exits from built-in and attached boiler rooms should be provided directly to the outside.
Flights of stairs for built-in boiler rooms can be located in the dimensions of common staircases, separating these flights from the rest of the staircase with fireproof partitions and ceilings with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours.
For rooftop boilers, the following should be provided:
exit from the boiler room directly to the roof;
access to the roof from the main building via a flight of stairs;
with a roof slope of more than 10%, navigation bridges 1 m wide should be provided, with railings from the roof exit to the boiler room and along the perimeter of the boiler room.
The structures of bridges and railings should be made of non-combustible materials.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
3.11. Above the bunker galleries for the placement of transport fuel supply mechanisms must be separated from the boiler rooms by fireproof partitions (without openings) with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.25 hours.
3.12. The internal surfaces of the enclosing structures of the fuel supply and dust preparation rooms must be smooth and painted with moisture-resistant paints in light colors.
Existing ledges should be sloped at an angle of 60° to the horizontal and painted with moisture-resistant paints.
Metal stairs and platforms in the fuel supply rooms should be designed through.
3.13. In buildings and premises of boiler houses with obvious excess heat release, the value of heat transfer resistance of external enclosing structures is not standardized, with the exception of enclosing structures of the zone with the permanent presence of workers (to a height of 2.4 m from the level of the working site).
Window frames above the specified level should be designed with single glazing.
3.14. The area and placement of window openings in the outer walls should be determined from the conditions of natural light, as well as taking into account the requirements of aeration to ensure the required area of opening openings. The area of window openings should be kept to a minimum.
The coefficient of natural illumination with side lighting in buildings and structures of boiler houses should be taken equal to 0.5, except for the premises of laboratories, automation panels and repair shops, for which this coefficient is taken equal to 1.5.
The coefficient of natural illumination of the premises of free-standing water treatment plants should be taken in accordance with building feed and the rules for designing external networks and water supply facilities.
3.15.* Permissible sound pressure levels and sound levels at permanent workplaces and at control and management boards should be taken in accordance with the Sanitary Design Standards for Industrial Enterprises.
Autonomous boiler rooms must provide a sound pressure level in accordance with the requirements of SNiP II-12-77 of those buildings and structures for the heat supply of which they are intended.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
3.16.* The external enclosing structures of the ground part of the fuel supply for fuel with a volatile matter content per combustible mass of 20% or more (unloaders, crushing compartments, conveyor galleries, transfer units, over-bunker galleries) should be designed based on the fact that the area of easily discharged structures should be at least 0 .03 m 2 per 1 m 3 of the volume of the room.
Window casings in buildings and fuel supply rooms should be provided as single and located, as a rule, in the same plane with the inner surface of the walls.
In individual boiler houses operating on liquid and gaseous fuels, easy-to-reset enclosing structures should be provided at the rate of 0.03 m 2 per 1 m 3 of the volume of the room in which the boilers are located.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
3.17. The list of professions for boiler house workers by groups of production processes and the composition of special household premises and devices should be taken in accordance with Appendix. 2 to these rules and regulations.
3.18. With the number of employees in the most numerous shift of 30 people or more, the composition of amenity premises, premises Catering and cultural service is adopted in accordance with building codes and regulations for the design of auxiliary buildings and premises of industrial enterprises.
3.19. With the number of employees in the boiler room in the most numerous shift from 12 to 30 people, the following auxiliary premises should be provided: the room of the head of the boiler room, dressing rooms with washbasins, latrines, showers, a dining room and a storage room for cleaning equipment.
If the number of people working in the boiler room in the most numerous shift is up to 12 people from the listed auxiliary premises, the room for the head of the boiler room is not provided, and if the number of people working in the boiler room is not more than 5 people per shift, there is also no wash basin in the dressing room (it is allowed to use the wash basin at the restroom).
3.20. In separate buildings of pumping stations, liquid fuels with permanent attendants, a dressing room, a toilet, and a heating shower room should be provided. In separate water treatment buildings, a dressing room, lavatory, and shower room should be provided.
3.21. The areas of the premises specified in p.p. 3.19 and 3.20 of these rules and regulations are established in accordance with building codes and rules for the design of auxiliary buildings and premises of industrial enterprises.
3.22. When designing buildings and constructing boiler houses, one should be guided by the nomenclature of unified prefabricated reinforced concrete and metal structures, observing the requirements of the general site unification of structures, products and materials.
3.23. The choice of load-bearing building envelopes and armaments of boiler houses should be made in accordance with the Technical Rules for the economical use of basic building materials.
3.24. The load-bearing structures of buildings and structures, as a rule, should be designed based on the conditions for performing the work of the entire zero cycle before the installation of the frame and equipment.
3.25. When designing, large-sized wall panels with a full textured finish and factory-made corrosion protection should be used.
In the absence of textured panels, it is allowed to provide for painting the facade of boiler houses with silicate, perchlorovinyl and other resistant paints.
3.26. The design of the end wall erected from the side of the proposed extension of the boiler house building must allow for the possibility of such an extension.
3.27. Overlapping of channels laid in boiler rooms should be provided from prefabricated reinforced concrete at the level of the finished floor.
Overlapping of sections of channels, where, according to the operating conditions, it is necessary to remove the plates, it is allowed to take from corrugated steel. The mass of a removable shield or plate should not exceed 50 kg.
3.28. The structures of channels, floors and foundations for equipment must be designed for loads from the movement of equipment from installation openings to the place of its installation and must ensure the passage of lifting mechanisms.
3.29.* Technological equipment with static and dynamic loads that do not cause stresses in the underlying concrete layer of the floor that exceed the stress from the impact of installation and transport loads should be installed without foundations.
For built-in and roof boilers, technological equipment, static and dynamic loads which allow it to be installed without foundations. At the same time, static and dynamic loads from the equipment of the roof boiler on the floor of the building should not exceed the bearing capacity of the building structures used in the building.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
3.30. Conveyor galleries, as a rule, in the places of their adjoining to the buildings of boiler houses should not be based on the frame and enclosing structures of the building. Such support is allowed with appropriate justification.
4.1. * The types of fuel of the main, reserve and emergency, as well as the need for a reserve or emergency type of fuel for boiler houses are established taking into account the category of the boiler house, based on local operating conditions and in agreement with fuel supply organizations.
4.2. * Type of fuel for kindling and "highlighting" boilers with chamber furnaces for combustion solid fuel should be provided based on the requirements of the manufacturer.
Section 4 (Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
5.1. For boilers apply:
chamber furnaces for burning gaseous and liquid fuels; chamber furnaces for combustion of solid fuel in a pulverized state;
layered furnaces for burning solid fuels;
furnaces of a special design for burning firewood and wood waste.
5.2. Furnace devices are accepted in accordance with the factory layout of the boilers. Changes in the layout of boilers and combustion devices must be agreed with the boiler manufacturers.
5.3. The values of the design characteristics of furnace devices are taken according to the data of the normative method for the thermal calculation of boiler units, developed by the Central Boiler and Turbine Institute (CKTI) named after. I. I. Polzunova All-Union Thermal Engineering Institute (VTI) named after. F. E. Dzerzhinsky, with the exception of the values of the calculated characteristics of layered furnaces with manual maintenance, which should be taken according to the methodology of the Research Institute of Sanitary Engineering.
6.1. For boiler houses, steam, hot water and steam hot water boilers manufactured by industry should be used as heat generators.
Productivity, efficiency, aerodynamic resistance and other parameters of the boilers are taken according to the data of manufacturers.
Installation of hot water boilers with a capacity of more than 10 Gcal / h is allowed only if the boiler room is provided with two independent power supplies.
6.2. The project of reconstruction of the boiler unit is allowed to be carried out in agreement with the manufacturer or design organization that developed the project of the boiler unit. At the same time, thermal, aerodynamic and other calculations are made in accordance with industry regulatory documents on boiler building, approved by the Ministry of Energy and Machinery of the USSR and the Ministry of Construction Materials.
6.3. When designing boiler houses, one should proceed from the conditions of the complete delivery of boiler units, including combustion devices, "tail" heating surfaces, draft units, ash collectors, instrumentation, regulation and control devices.
6.4.* Air heaters, surface and contact economizers, as well as heat exchangers using the latent heat of vaporization of flue gases should be used as “tail” surfaces.
Surface economizers, air heaters and heat exchangers of latent heat of vaporization are accepted in the factory configuration of boiler units.
Contact water economizers can be used for heating water in domestic and technological hot water supply systems, baths and laundries. The use of heat obtained in contact economizers for domestic hot water supply is allowed in the presence of intermediate heat exchangers.
Heating of water for baths and laundries can be carried out in contact economizers, the use of which is permitted by the Russian Ministry of Health.
Contact economizers can be installed directly behind boilers or after surface economizers.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
6.5. "Tail" heating surfaces should be designed individually for each boiler unit. The design of group economizers is allowed, as an exception, for the reconstruction of the boiler house.
6.6. Economizers are used for heating the feed water of steam boilers and water for heating systems. It is allowed to switch economizers from water heating for closed heat supply systems to boiler feed water heating.
It is not allowed to provide for the switching of economizers from heating the feed water of steam boilers to heating water for open heat supply systems or hot water supply systems.
6.7. Cast iron economizers are used to heat the feed water of steam boilers and water for heat supply systems with a working pressure of up to 24 kgf/cm 2 .
6.8. Steel economizers may be used for heating the feed water of steam boilers operating on gaseous fuel, provided that the temperature of the water at the inlet to the economizer is not lower than 65 °C, and on sour liquid fuel, if the temperature of the water at the inlet of the economizer is not lower than 135 °C .
6.9. Individual economizers should be designed to be non-switchable; at the same time, automatic regulators should be provided at the water inlet to the economizers to ensure continuous power supply to the boilers.
6.10. In economizers for heating feed and network water, the direction of the water flow from bottom to top should be provided. With two-column feedwater economizers, cold water should be supplied to the second column along the gas flow. The movement of feed water must be from bottom to top in both columns of the economizer.
6.11. Air heaters are used in cases where air heating is necessary to intensify and sustain the combustion process or increase the efficiency of the furnace; at the same time, the air temperature at the inlet to the air heater should be 5-10 °C higher than the flue gas dew point temperature.
7.1. When designing boiler rooms, draft installations (smoke exhausters and blowers) should be adopted in accordance with the specifications of manufacturers. As a rule, draft units should be provided individually for each boiler unit.
7.2. Group (for individual groups of boilers) or common (for the entire boiler house) forced draft installations may be used when designing new boiler houses with boilers with a capacity of up to 1 Gcal / h and when designing reconstructed boiler houses.
7.3. Group or common draft installations should be designed with two smoke exhausters and two draft fans. The design capacity of the boilers, for which these installations are provided, is ensured by the parallel operation of two smoke exhausters and two blowers.
7.4. The choice of draft units should be made taking into account the safety factors for pressure and performance in accordance with App. 3 to these rules and regulations.
7.5. When designing draft installations to control their performance, it is necessary to provide guide vanes, induction couplings and other devices that provide economical methods of regulation and are supplied complete with equipment.
7.6.* The design of the gas-air path of the boiler house is carried out in accordance with the standard method of aerodynamic calculation of boiler plants of the TsKTI im. I.I. Polzunov.
For built-in, attached and roof boilers, openings for supplying combustion air should be provided in the walls, usually located in the upper zone of the room.
The dimensions of the open section of the openings are determined based on ensuring the air velocity in them is not more than 1.0 m/s.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
7.7. The gas resistance of mass-produced boilers should be taken according to the manufacturer's data.
7.8. Depending on the hydrogeological conditions and layout solutions of boiler units, external gas ducts should be provided underground or aboveground. Gas ducts should be made of brick or reinforced concrete. The use of above-ground metal gas ducts is allowed as an exception, subject to an appropriate feasibility study.
7.9. Gas and air pipelines inside the boiler room can be designed as steel, round section. Rectangular gas ducts may be provided at the junction with rectangular equipment elements.
7.10. For sections of gas ducts where ash accumulation is possible, devices for cleaning should be provided.
7.11. For boilers operating on sour fuel,
if it is possible for condensate to form in the gas ducts, corrosion protection of the internal surfaces of the gas ducts should be provided in accordance with building codes and regulations for the protection of building structures from corrosion.
7.12. Chimneys of boiler rooms should be built according to standard projects. When developing individual projects of chimneys, it is necessary to be guided by technical solutions adopted in standard projects.
7.13. For the boiler room, it is necessary to provide for the construction of one chimney. It is allowed to provide two or more pipes with appropriate justification.
7.14.* The height of chimneys with artificial draft is determined in accordance with the Guidelines for the calculation of the dispersion in the atmosphere of harmful substances contained in the emissions of enterprises, and the Sanitary Standards for the Design of Industrial Enterprises.
The height of the chimneys under natural draft is determined on the basis of the results of the aerodynamic calculation of the gas-air duct and is checked according to the conditions of dispersion of harmful substances in the atmosphere.
When calculating the dispersion of harmful substances in the atmosphere, the maximum allowable concentrations of ash, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and carbon oxides should be taken. In this case, the amount of emitted harmful emissions is taken, as a rule, according to the data of boiler manufacturers, in the absence of these data it is determined by calculation.
The height of the mouth of the chimneys for built-in, attached and roof boilers must be above the boundary of the wind backwater, but not less than 0.5 m above the roof, and also not less than 2 m above the roof of the higher part of the building or the tallest building within a radius of 10 m.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
7.15.* The diameters of the outlet openings of steel chimneys are determined from the condition of optimal gas velocities based on technical and economic calculations.
The diameters of the outlets of brick and reinforced concrete pipes are determined on the basis of the requirements of clause 7.16 of these rules and regulations.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
7.16. In order to prevent the penetration of flue gases into the thickness of the structures of brick and reinforced concrete pipes, positive static pressure on the walls of the exhaust shaft is not allowed. For this, the condition R<1, где R- defining criterion equal to
where l- coefficient of friction resistance;
i- constant slope of the inner surface of the upper section of the pipe;
- density of outside air at design mode, kg/m 3 ;
d0- diameter of the pipe outlet, m;
h 0- dynamic gas pressure in the pipe outlet, kgf/m 2 ;
here w0- gas velocity in the pipe outlet, m/s;
g- acceleration of gravity, m/s 2 ;
- gas density at design mode, kg/m 3 ;
A verification calculation should be made for the winter and summer design modes of operation of boiler houses.
At R>1, increase the pipe diameter or use a specially designed pipe (with an internal gas-tight
gas outlet shaft, with backpressure between the shaft and the lining).
7.17. The formation of condensate in the trunks of brick and reinforced concrete pipes that discharge products of combustion of gaseous fuels is allowed under all operating modes.
7.18.* For boilers operating on gaseous fuels, the use of steel chimneys is allowed if it is not economically feasible to increase the flue gas temperature.
For autonomous boiler rooms, chimneys must be gas-tight, made of metal or non-combustible materials.
Pipes should have, as a rule, external thermal insulation to prevent the formation of condensate and manholes for inspection and cleaning.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
7.19. Openings for gas ducts in one horizontal section of the pipe shaft or foundation sleeve must be evenly spaced around the circumference.
The total weakening area in one horizontal section should not exceed 40% of the total sectional area for a reinforced concrete shaft or foundation glass and 30% for a brick pipe shaft.
7.20. The supply gas ducts at the junction with the chimney must be designed in a rectangular shape.
7.21. In conjugation of gas ducts with a chimney, it is necessary to provide temperature-settlement seams or compensators.
7.22. The need to use lining and thermal insulation to reduce thermal stresses in the trunks of brick and reinforced concrete pipes is determined by heat engineering calculation.
7.23. In pipes designed to remove flue gases from the combustion of sour fuel, in the event of condensate formation (regardless of the percentage of sulfur content), a lining of acid-resistant materials should be provided along the entire height of the shaft. In the absence of condensate on the inner surface of the flue gas outlet pipe, under all operating modes, it is allowed to use lining made of clay brick for chimneys or clay ordinary brick of plastic pressing of grade not lower than 100 with water absorption of not more than 15% on clay-cement or complex mortar grade not lower than 50.
7.24. The calculation of the height of the chimney and the choice of design for protecting the inner surface of its shaft from the aggressive effects of the environment should be carried out based on the conditions of combustion of the main and reserve fuel.
7.25. Light protection of chimneys and external marking coloring must comply with the requirements of the Manual on the Aerodrome Service in Civil Aviation of the USSR.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 2).
7.26. Designs should provide for corrosion protection of external steel structures brick and reinforced concrete chimneys, as well as steel pipe surfaces.
7.27. In the lower part of the chimney or foundation, manholes should be provided for inspecting the chimney, and, if necessary, devices that ensure the removal of condensate.
7.28. Boilers designed to operate on solid fuels (coal, peat, oil shale and wood waste) must be equipped with flue gas cleaning units from ash in cases where
A r B > 5000, (3)
A r- ash content in the working mass of fuel, %;
AT- maximum hourly fuel consumption, kg.
Note. When using solid fuel as an emergency, the installation of ash collectors is not required.
7.29. The choice of type of ash collectors is made depending on the volume of gases to be cleaned, the required degree of purification and layout possibilities based on a technical and economic comparison of installation options for ash collectors of various types.
As ash collecting devices should be taken:
blocks of cyclones TsKTI or NIIOGAZ - with a volume of flue gases from 6000 to 20000 m 3 / h.
battery cyclones - with a volume of flue gases from 15,000 to 150,000 m 3 / h,
battery cyclones with recirculation and electrostatic precipitators - with a volume of flue gases over 100,000 m 3 / h.
"Wet" ash collectors with low-calorie Venturi pipes with drop eliminators can be used in the presence of a hydro-ash and slag removal system and devices that exclude the discharge of harmful substances contained in ash and slag pulp into water bodies.
Volumes of gases are taken at their operating temperature.
7.30. The coefficients for cleaning ash collecting devices are taken by calculation and must be within the limits established by App. 4 to these rules and regulations.
7.31. The installation of ash collectors must be provided on the suction side of smoke exhausters, as a rule, in open areas.
With appropriate justification, it is allowed to install ash collectors indoors.
7.32. Ash collectors are provided individually for each boiler unit. AT individual cases it is allowed to provide for several boilers a group of ash collectors or one sectioned apparatus.
7.33. When operating a solid fuel boiler house, individual ash collectors should not have bypass gas ducts.
7.34. The shape and inner surface of the ash catcher bin must ensure complete ash discharge by gravity, while the angle of inclination of the hopper walls to the horizon is 60 ° and, in justified cases, not less than 55 ° is allowed.
The ash catchers must have hermetic seals.
7.35. The speed of gases in the inlet gas duct of ash collecting installations should be taken at least 12 m/s.
7.36. "Wet" spark arresters should be used in boiler rooms designed to work on wood waste, in cases where A r B£5000 . After the ash collectors, spark arresters are not installed.
8.1. The main steam pipelines to which steam boilers are connected should be provided as single sectioned or double in boiler rooms of the first category and single non-sectioned - in boiler rooms of the second category.
The main feed pipelines of steam boilers should be designed double in cases provided for by the Rules for the Safe Operation of Steam and Hot Water Boilers approved by the USSR Gosgortekhnadzor, as well as for boiler houses of the first category. In other cases, these pipelines must
be provided as single non-sectioned.
The main supply and return pipelines of the heat supply system, to which hot water boilers, water heating installations and network pumps are connected, should be provided as single sectional or double for boiler houses of the first category, regardless of the amount of heat consumption; for boiler houses of the second category - with a heat consumption of 300 Gcal / h or more . In other cases, these pipelines must be single, non-sectioned.
For boiler houses with boilers with a steam pressure of up to 1.7 kgf / cm 2 and with a water temperature of up to 115 ° C, regardless of the category, the main steam pipelines, feed pipelines, supply and return pipelines of the heat supply system are accepted as single unsectioned.
8.2. Steam and water pipelines from mains to the equipment and connecting pipelines between the equipment must be single.
8.3. On the supply line to a boiler with a steam pressure of up to 1.7 kgf / cm 2 must be provided with a check valve and a shut-off device.
8.4. The diameters of steam pipelines should be taken based on the maximum hourly estimated coolant flow rates and allowable pressure losses. In this case, the speed of the coolant should be no more than:
for superheated steam with pipe diameter, mm:
up to 200 - 400 m/s;
over 200 - 70 m/s;
for saturated steam with pipe diameter, mm:
up to 200 - 30 m/s;
over 200 - 60 m/s.
8.5. The minimum clear distances between the surfaces of the thermal insulation structures of adjacent pipelines, as well as from the surface of the thermal insulation of pipelines to the building structures of buildings, should be taken in accordance with Annex. 5 to these rules and regulations.
8.6. The location of liquid fuel pipelines in boiler rooms should be provided open, providing free access to them. It is not allowed to provide for the location of liquid fuel pipelines below the zero mark.
8.7. For liquid fuel pipelines, electric-welded pipes and steel fittings should be provided.
The choice and location of fittings and gaseous fuel pipelines are made in accordance with building codes and rules for the design of internal and external gas supply devices.
8.8. The connection of pipelines must be provided for by welding. On flanges, it is allowed to connect pipelines to fittings and equipment.
The use of coupling joints is allowed on pipelines of steam and water of the fourth category with a nominal diameter of not more than 100 mm, as well as for boiler rooms with boilers with steam pressure up to 1.7 kgf / cm 2 and water temperature up to 116 ° C. For pipelines located within the boilers, with a steam pressure of more than 1.7 kgf / cm 2 and a water temperature of more than 115 ° C, the use of coupling joints can only be provided in accordance with the Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Steam and Hot Water Boilers approved by the USSR Gosgortekhnadzor.
8.9. The disconnected sections, as well as the lower and end points of the steam pipelines, must have devices for periodic purge and condensate removal (fittings with valves).
8.10. On drain, purge and drainage lines of pipelines with steam pressure up to: 1.7 kgf / cm 2 and water temperature up to 115 ° C, installation of one shut-off valve (valve) should be provided; on pipelines with a steam pressure of more than 1.7 kgf / cm 2 and a water temperature of more than 115 ° C - in accordance with the safety rules approved by the USSR Gosgortekhnadzor.
8.11. For periodic draining of water or periodic blowdown of the boiler, common collection drain and blowdown pipelines should be provided.
8.12. Pipes from safety valves must be led outside the boiler room and have devices for draining water. The cross-sectional area of the pipe must be at least twice the cross-sectional area of the safety valve.
8.13. To install measuring orifices and selection devices on pipelines, straight sections with a length determined by calculation should be provided
8.14. Gate valves with a diameter of 500 mm or more must be accepted with an electric drive.
It is allowed to provide for the installation of gate valves with electric drives on pipelines of smaller diameter with appropriate justification (according to the operating conditions of pumping units and equipment, safety, remote control, automation).
8.15. When designing boiler room pipelines, in addition to these norms and rules, one should comply with building codes and rules for the design of heat networks, as well as the Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Steam and Hot Water Pipelines, approved by the USSR Gosgortekhnadzor.
8.16. Hot water boilers without drums with a water temperature of up to 115 ° C with a capacity of more than 350 thousand kcal / h, as well as boilers with drums, regardless of their performance, must be equipped with two safety valves, hot water boilers without drums with a capacity of 350 thousand kcal / h or less - with one valve.
When designing several hot water boilers without drums in a boiler room, instead of safety valves on the boilers, it is allowed to provide for the installation of two safety valves with a diameter of at least 50 mm on the pipeline to which the boilers are connected. The diameter of each safety valve is taken according to the calculation for one of the boilers with the highest productivity and is calculated using the formulas:
when installing boilers with natural circulation
when installing boilers with forced circulation
In formulas (4) m (5):
d- valve passage diameter, cm;
Q- maximum productivity of the boiler, kcal/h;
n- number of valves;
h - valve lift, see
When installing safety valves on a common hot water pipeline, a bypass with a check valve should be provided for the shut-off device of each boiler.
The diameters of bypasses and check valves are accepted according to the calculation, but not less than 40 mm for boilers with a capacity of up to 240 thousand kcal / h and not less than 50 mm for boilers with a capacity of 240 thousand kcal / h and more.
8.17.* In autonomous boiler houses, if it is necessary to maintain a constant temperature at the inlet to the boiler, a recirculation pipeline should be provided.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
9.1. The design should provide for the deaeration of make-up water and all condensate flows entering the boiler room.
9.2. The performance of deaerators should provide deaeration:
feed water of steam boilers - according to the installed capacity of the boiler house (excluding the reserve capacity of the boilers),
make-up water for closed and open heat supply systems, for hot water heating networks - in accordance with building codes and regulations for the design of heating networks and hot water supply.
9.3. In the projects of boiler houses with steam boilers with open heat supply systems and centralized hot water supply systems, as a rule, separate deaerators for feed and make-up water of the heat supply system should be provided (one deaerator for each purpose).
A common deaerator may be provided for a closed heat supply system.
9.4. Two or more deaerators are allowed to provide:
with significant fluctuations in loads, in which one deaerator cannot provide the required water quality;
at loads that cannot be provided by one deaerator:
when using steel economizers.
9.5. When installing one deaerator, it should be possible to supply water to the feed pumps in addition to the deaerator (for the period of its repair).
9.6. Atmospheric or pressurized deaerators should be provided to deaerate the feed water of steam boilers. In boiler rooms with hot water boilers, vacuum deaerators should be provided; for boiler houses with steam and hot water boilers, the type of deaerator (vacuum or atmospheric) is established on the basis of technical and economic calculations.
The applied deaerators must comply with GOST 16860-71 "Thermal deaerators".
9.7. When two or more deaerators of atmospheric or elevated pressure are connected in parallel, equalizing lines for water and steam should be provided, and the distribution of water and steam should be ensured in proportion to the performance of the deaerators.
Parallel connection of vacuum deaerators, as a rule, should not be provided.
9.8. To create a vacuum in vacuum deaerators, water-jet or steam-jet ejectors should be used.
For water jet ejectors, special pumps and working water tanks should be provided.
9.9. Regardless of the type of deaerators for feeding heating networks and centralized hot water supply systems, it is necessary to provide for the maximum possible heating of water before it enters the deaerators.
9.10. In the feed water deaerators of steam boilers, pre-heating of water should be provided only on the basis of the condition that the heating of water during the deaeration process should not exceed the values established by GOST 16860-71 "Thermal deaerators".
9.11. In the power supply system of steam boilers, in addition to deaerator tanks, additional containers, as a rule, are not provided.
9.12. In case of vacuum deaeration of make-up water for closed heat supply systems, installation of intermediate tanks of deaerated water is provided.
With open heat transfer systems and centralized hot water supply systems, water supply from vacuum deaerators should, as a rule, be provided directly to storage tanks (without installing intermediate tanks).
9.13. The installation height of deaerators, feed and condensate tanks should be taken based on the condition of creating a backwater for centrifugal pumps, which excludes the possibility of water boiling in the pumps.
9.14. When determining the performance of feed pumps, the following costs should be taken into account:
to power all working steam boilers;
for continuous blowdown of boilers:
for steam coolers of boilers;
for reduction-cooling and cooling installations.
9.15. To feed boilers with a steam pressure of not more than 1.7 kgf / cm 2, at least two feed pumps, including one standby pump, should be provided.
To feed boilers with a unit capacity of not more than 500 kg/h, it is allowed to use a hand pump as a backup.
A backup feed pump is not provided if the boilers can be powered from the water supply: in this case, the water pressure in front of the boilers must exceed the operating steam pressure in the boiler by at least 1 kgf / cm 2. In this case, a shut-off valve and a non-return valve must be provided on the water supply before the boiler.
9.16. To feed boilers with a steam pressure of more than 1.7 kgf / cm 2, as a rule, steam-driven pumps (piston oil-free or turbopumps) using exhaust steam should be provided; in this case, a backup pump with an electric drive should be provided.
If it is impossible to use exhaust steam from steam-driven pumps, it should be provided;
pumps with electric drive only - in the presence of two independent power supplies;
pumps with electric and steam drives - with one power supply. To feed boilers with a steam pressure of not more than 5 kgf / cm 2 or boilers with a capacity of up to 1 t / h, it is allowed to use feed pumps only with an electric drive with one power source.
The number and capacity of the feed pumps are selected in such a way that in the event of a stoppage of the pump with the highest capacity, the remaining ones ensure the supply of water in the amount determined in accordance with clause 9.14 of these rules and regulations.
In boiler houses of the second category, which provide for boilers in lightweight or light lining with chamber combustion of fuel, provided that the heat accumulated by the furnace cannot lead to overheating of the metal of the boiler elements in case of failure of the feed pump and automatic shutdown of the fuel supply to the furnace, the total the performance of the feed pumps is determined based on the requirements of clause 9.14 of these rules and regulations (without taking into account the possible shutdown of one of the feed pumps).
In this case, the number of pumps should be at least two (without reserve).
9.17. Connection of feed pumps with characteristics allowing their parallel operation should be provided for common feed lines. When using pumps that do not allow their parallel operation, it should be possible to supply the boilers through separate lines.
9.18.* The performance of water heating installations is determined by the maximum hourly heat consumption for heating and ventilation and the estimated heat consumption for hot water supply, determined in accordance with building codes and rules for the design of hot water supply.
The performance of heaters for hot water supply for autonomous boiler houses is determined by the maximum flow rate.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
9.19. The number of heaters for heating and ventilation systems must be at least two. Backup heaters are not provided; at the same time, in boiler houses of the first category, in case of failure of one heater, the remaining ones must ensure heat supply in the mode of the coldest month.
9.20. Separate groups of water heating installations may be provided for the supply of water of various parameters (for heating and ventilation, domestic and technological hot water supply), as well as for the operation of heaters in different modes (peak or base).
9.21. The choice of network and make-up pumps for open and closed heat supply systems, as well as pumps for condensate collection and pumping installations, should be made in accordance with building codes in the rules for designing heat networks.
9.22. In centralized hot water supply installations, the number of hot water pumps is determined in accordance with the operating mode of the hot water supply system.
9.23. If the manufacturers of hot water boilers require the need to maintain a constant water temperature at the inlet or outlet of the boiler, the installation of recirculation pumps should be provided. As a rule, it is necessary to provide common recirculation pumps for all boilers. The number of pumps must be at least two.
In boiler houses with boilers with a unit capacity of more than 50 Gcal / h, it is allowed, during a feasibility study, to install recirculation pumps for each boiler or for a group of boilers.
Standby recirculation pumps are not provided.
9.24.* Condensate from steam-water heaters of boiler rooms should be directed directly to deaerators.
In boiler rooms, closed tanks with a steam cushion should be provided for collecting steam pipeline drains, condensate from steam-water heaters and heaters of the heating and ventilation system of the boiler room.
When condensate collection tanks are located in or near the boiler room, all drains should be directed to these tanks. At the same time, special drainage collection tanks are not provided in the boiler room.
Depending on the quality of the condensate returned from external consumers, it should be possible to directly supply it to the deaerators for joint treatment with source water or treatment in a special installation.
Condensate from heat exchangers of latent heat of flue gas vaporization can be used in the boiler feeding system after special treatment or can be discharged into the sewer after the neutralization plant.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1).
9.25. In boiler rooms for open heating systems and in boiler rooms with centralized hot water supply systems, as a rule, hot water storage tanks should be provided.
The choice of storage tanks is made in accordance with building codes and rules for the design of heating networks.
In a feasibility study, storage tanks may not be provided.
9.26. The choice of reduction-cooling (ROU) reduction (RU) and cooling units (OC) is made in accordance with the technical specifications of the plants - manufacturers of these units.
9.27. Reserve ROU, RU and OS are allowed to be provided at the request of the consumer in boiler houses of the first category. It is allowed to provide bypass lines in addition to the switchgear with the installation of manual control devices and safety valves on them.
SNiP shall be supplemented with section 1a of the following content:
"1a. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Boiler room- a complex of buildings and structures, a building or premises with a boiler (heat generator) and auxiliary technological equipment designed to generate heat for the purpose of heat supply.
Central boiler house- a boiler house designed for several buildings and structures connected to the boiler house by external heating networks.
Autonomous (individual) boiler room- a boiler house intended for heat supply of one building or structure.
Roof boiler room- a boiler house located (placed) on the roof of the building directly or on a specially arranged base above the roof.
Items 1.3, 1.5-1.8, 1.18-1.23 to read as follows.
"1.3. The design of new and reconstructed boiler houses should be carried out in accordance with the approved heat supply schemes, developed taking into account the construction of autonomous (individual) boiler houses.
In the absence of an approved heat supply scheme, the design of boiler houses is allowed on the basis of relevant feasibility studies (FS), agreed in the prescribed manner.
The type of fuel for boiler houses is determined in agreement with fuel-containing organizations in the prescribed manner. At the same time, the use of solid or liquid fuel for rooftop boilers is not allowed.
1.5. Boilers for placement on the master plan are divided into:
stand-alone;
attached to buildings for other purposes;
built into buildings for other purposes, regardless of the location floor;
1.6. For industrial buildings of industrial enterprises, it is allowed to design attached, built-in and roof boilers. For boiler houses attached to buildings of the specified purpose, the total thermal output of the installed boilers, the unit output of each boiler and the parameters of the coolant are not standardized. At the same time, boiler rooms should be located near the walls, where the horizontal distance from the boiler room wall to the nearest opening should be at least 2 m, and the vertical distance from the boiler room ceiling to the nearest opening should be at least 8 m.
For boiler houses built into industrial buildings of industrial enterprises, when using boilers with a steam pressure of up to 0.07 MPa (1.7 kgf / cm 2) and a water temperature of up to 115 ° The thermal power of the boilers is not standardized.
The thermal power of boilers with a steam pressure of more than 0.07 MPa (1.7 kgf / cm 2) and a water temperature of more than 115 ° C should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bestablished by the Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Steam and Hot Water Boilers approved by the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia.
Rooftop boiler houses for industrial buildings of industrial enterprises, when used, it is allowed to design using boilers with steam pressure up to 0.07 MPa (1.7 kgf / cm 2) and water temperature up to 115 ° C. At the same time, the thermal power of such a boiler house should not exceed the need in the heat of knowledge, for the heat supply of which it is intended, but not more than 5 MW.
It is not allowed to place roof and built-in boiler rooms above industrial premises and warehouses of categories A and B due to explosion and fire hazard.
1.7. The placement of boiler rooms built into multi-apartment residential buildings is not allowed.
For residential buildings, it is allowed to install attached and roof boiler rooms. These boiler rooms can be designed using hot water boilers with water temperatures up to 115 ° C.
The heat output of the boiler house should not exceed the heat demand for the heat supply of which it is intended, and the heat output of the rooftop boiler house should not exceed 3.0 MW.
It is not allowed to design attached boiler rooms directly adjacent to residential buildings from the entrance entrances, and sections of walls with window openings, where the distance from the outer wall of the boiler room to the nearest window of the living room is less than 4 m horizontally, and the distance from the ceiling of the boiler room to the nearest window of the living room is less than 8 m vertically.
It is not allowed to place roof boilers directly on the ceilings of residential premises (the ceiling of a residential premises cannot serve as the base of the boiler room floor), as well as adjacent to residential premises.
1.8. For public, administrative and domestic buildings, it is allowed to design built-in, attached and roof boilers when using:
hot water boilers with water heating temperature up to 115°С.
steam boilers with saturated steam pressure up to 0.07 MPa, satisfying the condition
(T -100) · V £ 100 for each boiler.
t is the temperature of saturated steam at design pressure, °C;
V - water volume of the boiler, m 3;
At the same time, in boiler rooms located in the basement, it is not allowed to provide boilers designed to operate on gaseous and liquid fuels with a vapor flash point below 45 ° C.
The total thermal power of an individual boiler house should not exceed the heat demand of the building or structure for which it is intended to supply heat, in addition, the thermal power should not exceed:
3.0 MW - for a roof boiler house and for a built-in boiler house with boilers for liquid and gaseous fuels;
1.5 MW - for a built-in boiler house with solid fuel boilers.
The total heat output of the attached boiler houses is not limited.
It is not allowed to place attached boiler rooms on the side of the main facade of buildings. The distance from the wall of the boiler house building to the nearest window must be at least 4 m horizontally, and from the cover of the boiler room to the nearest window at least 8 m vertically. Such boiler rooms are also not allowed to be placed adjacent to, under and above the premises with more than 50 people staying in them at the same time.
It is not allowed to design roof, built-in and attached boiler houses to the buildings of preschool and school institutions, to medical and dormitory buildings of hospitals, clinics, sanatoriums and recreation facilities.
1.18. Boiler projects should include:
boilers, economizers, air heaters, ash collectors and other equipment in a modular transportable design of increased factory readiness;
enlarged mounting blocks of pipelines and gas-air pipelines;
enlargement of groups of technologically interconnected auxiliary equipment by arranging it into transportable assembly blocks with pipelines and fittings.
For built-in, attached and roof boilers, automated boilers of full factory readiness should be provided.
1.19. Outside the buildings of boiler houses, in open areas, it is allowed to place draft machines, ash collectors, deaerators, calciners, clarifiers, tanks for various purposes, fuel oil heaters; at the same time, measures should be taken to ensure reliable and safe operation, protection against freezing of pipelines and fittings, as well as measures to protect the environment from pollution and noise protection.
The possibility of installing a rooftop boiler on buildings of any purpose above 26.5 m must be agreed with the territorial bodies of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
1.20. The technological scheme and layout of the boiler room equipment should provide:
optimal mechanization and automation of technological processes, safe and convenient equipment maintenance;
installation of equipment in queues;
the smallest length of communication;
optimal conditions for the mechanization of repair work;
the possibility of entering the boiler room for floor transport (forklifts, electric cars) for transporting equipment components and pipelines during repair work.
Automation of technological processes of individual boiler houses should ensure safe operation without permanent maintenance personnel.
For the repair of equipment components. fittings and pipelines weighing more than 50 kg, as a rule, inventory lifting devices (electric cars, truck cranes) should be provided.
If it is impossible to maintain equipment using inventory devices for these purposes, it is allowed to provide stationary lifting mechanisms (hoists, hoists, overhead and overhead cranes). Stationary load-lifting devices, necessary for performing only installation work, are not provided for by the project.
To ensure the repair of equipment installed in open areas, ground-based trackless cranes should, as a rule, be provided.
1.21. In boiler rooms, it is necessary to provide for repair areas or premises for the current repair of equipment, fittings, control and regulation devices. At the same time, one should take into account the possibility of performing work on the current repair of the specified equipment by industrial enterprises or regional specialized organizations.
Repair areas are not provided for in autonomous boiler houses. Repair of equipment, fittings, control and regulation devices in such boiler houses should be carried out only by specialized organizations that have the appropriate licenses, using their bases and inventory devices.
1.22. The placement of boilers and auxiliary equipment and boiler rooms (the distance between boilers and building structures, the width of the passages), as well as the arrangement of platforms and stairs for servicing equipment, depending on the parameters of the coolant, should be provided in accordance with the rules for the design and safe operation of steam and hot water boilers approved by the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia , the rules for the design and safe operation of steam boilers with a steam pressure of not more than 0.07 MPa (1.7 kgf / cm 2), hot water boilers and water heaters with a water heating temperature of not more than 338 K (115 ° C), approved by the Ministry of Construction of Russia, as well as in accordance with passports and operating instructions for boilers.
For autonomous automated boiler rooms operating without permanent attendants, the dimensions of the passages are taken in accordance with the passports and operating instructions to ensure free access during maintenance, installation and dismantling of equipment.
Categories of industries for explosive, explosive and fire hazards and the degree of fire resistance of buildings (premises) in boiler facilities should be taken in accordance with Appendix. 1 to these rules and regulations, as well as in accordance with the Fire Safety Standards NPB 105 - 95.
Paragraph 2.4. to read as follows:
"2.4. The main building, fuel facilities and ash and slag removal facilities, a transformer substation, a gas control point (GRP), a condensate collection and pumping station, hot water storage tanks, a water treatment and reagent facilities building should be located on the boiler site.
These buildings and structures may be combined, observing the requirements of Section 11 of these rules and regulations. The capacity of liquid fuel storage facilities should not exceed the values established by building codes and regulations for the design of oil and petroleum product storage facilities for storage facilities of the second group.
For built-in and attached individual boiler houses, closed warehouses for storing solid and liquid fuels should be provided, located outside the boiler room and the building for the heat supply of which it is intended, in accordance with SNiP 2.07.01-89.
The capacity of liquid fuel storage facilities should not exceed the values established by building codes and regulations for the design of oil and petroleum product storage facilities for storage facilities of the second group.
The fencing of boiler rooms should be designed in accordance with the Guidelines for the Design of Fences for Sites and Sites of Enterprises, Buildings and Structures.
Buildings and fences of boiler houses located on the sites of industrial enterprises are not allowed to be fenced.
Items 3.1, 3.9, 3.10, 3.15, 3.16, 3.29 to read as follows:
"3.1. When designing buildings and structures of boiler houses, one should be guided by building codes and rules for the design of industrial buildings,
administrative and household buildings, structures of industrial enterprises and the instructions of this section.
When designing built-in, attached and roof boilers, one should additionally be guided by the requirements of building codes and regulations of those buildings and structures for the heat supply of which they are intended.
3.9. Built-in boiler rooms must be separated from adjacent rooms by type 2 fire walls or type 1 fire partitions and type 3 fire ceilings. Attached boiler rooms should be separated from the main building by a type 2 fire wall. At the same time, the wall of the building to which the boiler room is attached must have a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours, and the boiler room must be covered with non-combustible materials.
The load-bearing and enclosing structures of roof boiler houses must have a fire resistance limit of 0.75 hours, the flame propagation limit for the structure is equal to zero, and the roofing of the main building under the boiler room and at a distance of 2 m from its walls must be made of non-combustible materials or protected from fire with a concrete screed at least 20 mm thick.
The resistance to air and vapor permeability of walls and ceilings separating built-in and attached boiler rooms from other rooms, as well as building coverings when boiler rooms are placed on roofs, must comply with the requirements of SNiP II-3-79 "Construction Heat Engineering".
The internal surfaces of the walls of built-in and roof boiler rooms must be painted with moisture-resistant paints.
3.10. Exits from built-in and attached boiler rooms should be provided directly to the outside.
Flights of stairs for built-in boiler rooms are allowed to be located in the dimensions of common staircases, separating these marches from the rest of the staircase with fireproof partitions and ceilings with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours .
For rooftop boilers, the following should be provided:
exit from the boiler room directly to the roof;
access to the roof from the main building via a flight of stairs;
with a roof slope of more than 10%, navigation bridges 1 m wide should be provided, with railings from the roof exit to the boiler room and along the perimeter of the boiler room.
The structures of bridges and railings should be made of non-combustible materials.
3.15. Permissible sound pressure levels and sound levels at permanent workplaces and at control panels should be taken in accordance with the Sanitary Design Standards for Industrial Enterprises.
Autonomous boiler rooms must provide a sound pressure level in accordance with the requirements of SNiP II-12-77 of those buildings and structures for the heat supply of which they are intended.
3.16. External enclosing structures of the ground part of the fuel supply for fuel with a volatile matter content per combustible mass of 20% or more (unloaders, crushing compartments, conveyor galleries, transfer units, over-bunker galleries should be designed based on the fact that the area of easily discharged structures should be at least 0, 03 m 2 per 1 m 2 of the volume of the room.Window frames in buildings and fuel supply rooms should be provided as single and located, as a rule, in the same plane with the inner surface of the walls.
In individual boiler houses operating on liquid and gaseous fuels, easy-to-reset enclosing structures should be provided at the rate of 0.03 m 2 per 1 m 2 of the volume of the room in which the boilers are located.
3.29. Technological equipment with static and dynamic loads that do not cause stresses in the underlying concrete layer of the floor, which exceed the stress from the impact of installation and transport loads, should be installed without foundations.
For built-in and roof boilers, technological equipment should be provided, the static and dynamic loads of which allow it to be installed without foundations. At the same time, the static and dynamic loads from the equipment of the roof boiler on the floor of the building should not exceed the bearing capacity of the building structures used in the building.
UDC 697.32.001.2 (083.75)
Chapter SNiP II-35-76 "Boiler installations" was developed by the Santekhproekt Institute of the USSR State Construction Committee with the participation of the institutes VNIPIIenergoprom of the USSR Ministry of Energy, IKTI. I.I. Polzunov Minenergomash, Teploproekt Minmontazhspetsstroy of the USSR, Krasnoyarsk PromstroyNIIproject Montazhstroy of the USSR and Giprotekhmontazh Minmontazhspetsstroy of the USSR.
With the introduction of this chapter of SNiP, chapter SNiP II-G.9-65 "Boiler plants. Design standards" and "Guidelines for the design of boiler plants" (SN 350-66) become invalid
EDITORS engineers Yu.B.Aleksandrovich, O.I.Kosov ( Gosstroy of the USSR), N.I.Shkolnik, M.D. Yazvin(Santekhproekt).
Changes were made 1978, No. 1 1998, approved by the Decree of the Gosstroy of the USSR of September 8, 1977 No. 140 and the Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia of September 11, 1997 No. 18-52
With the entry into force of SNiP 2.04.14-88, Sec. 13 and adj. 6-8 SNiP II-35-76 "Boiler plants"
1. The electrical part of boiler projects should be developed in accordance with the Electrical Installation Rules (PUE), building codes and rules for the production and acceptance of work on electrical devices, Instructions for the design of power supply for industrial enterprises and this section.
2. The electrical receivers of boiler rooms in terms of power supply reliability belong to the first or second categories, determined in accordance with the PUE and clause 1.12 of these rules and regulations. In boiler houses of the second category with water-heating boilers with a unit capacity of more than 10 Gcal / h, electric motors of network and make-up pumps belong to the first category in terms of power supply.
3. The choice of electric motors, starting equipment, control devices, lamps and wiring should be made depending on the characteristics of buildings (premises) and structures according to the environmental conditions determined by adj. 9 to these rules and regulations, taking into account the following additional requirements:
Degree of fire resistance |
||
1. Boiler room, rooms for smoke exhausters and deaerators |
||
2. Premises for water treatment |
||
3. Premises of control panels, panels of control stations |
||
4. Rooms of closed switchgear with switches and equipment containing more than 60 kg of oil per piece of equipment |
||
5. Premises of closed switchgears with switches and equipment containing 60 kg of oil or less per piece of equipment |
||
6. Premises of complete transformer substations, transformer chambers with oil-filled circuit breakers |
||
7. Open substations |
Not standardized |
|
8. Premises for fuel supply of solid fuels: over-bunker gallery, transfer units, crushing compartments for coal and lump peat, closed unloading (receiving) devices, conveyor galleries |
||
9. Premises for defrosting devices for solid fuels |
||
10. Open unloading ramps for solid fuels |
||
11. Open storages of solid fuel |
Not standardized |
|
12. Closed coal warehouses |
||
13. Open conveyor galleries and scraper winch buildings for solid fuels |
||
14. Separate rooms of dust preparation plants |
||
15. Receiving and draining devices, closed warehouses and pumping stations for liquid fuels with a vapor flash point above 28 ° to 61 ° C inclusive, as well as pumping stations when using liquid fuel heated under production conditions to a flash point and above |
||
16. Receiving and draining devices, closed warehouses and pumping stations for liquid fuels with a vapor flash point above 61 ° C |
||
17. Premises of gas distribution points and warehouses of combustible gases |
||
18. Ash-collecting devices and structures of "dry" ash and slag removal systems. Gas ducts |
||
19. Bagerny pumping station, sludge pumping station and other facilities of "wet" ash and slag removal systems |
||
20. Pumping stations for condensate and fire water supply |
||
21. Pumping stations for household and fecal water and drinking water supply |
||
22. Repair shops without foundry, forge and welding |
||
23. Warehouses of reagents |
||
24. Warehouses of activated carbon and sulfo coal |
||
25. Material warehouses |
||
Note: |
||
Buildings (premises) and structures |
Characteristics of buildings (premises) and structures according to environmental conditions in accordance with the PES |
1. Boiler rooms with boilers equipped with chamber furnaces for burning gaseous, liquid or solid fuels; deaerator rooms |
Normal |
2. Boiler rooms with boilers equipped with layered furnaces for burning solid fuels |
|
3. Premises for water treatment |
Normal |
4. Premises of pumping stations for pumping cold media (raw water, reagents, fire water supply, bager pumping stations, etc.) |
|
5. Premises of reagent tanks |
Reactive |
6. Warehouses of sulfonated coal and activated carbon |
Fire hazardous class P-II |
7. Ash rooms with "dry" ash and slag removal |
|
8. Ash rooms at hydraulic slag removal or at "wet" scraper ash and slag removal |
|
9. Fuel supply rooms (with the exception of milled peat crushing rooms), closed coal stores |
Fire hazardous class P-II |
10. Crushing rooms for milled peat, pulverizing plants in separate rooms |
Explosive class B-IIa |
11. Open warehouses and transport galleries of coal and peat |
Fire hazardous class P-III |
12. Premises of gas distribution points and warehouses of combustible gases or carbide |
Explosive class B-Ia |
13. Premises of closed warehouses, pumping stations for liquid fuels, additives and cleaning stations Wastewater with a flash point of vapors of 45°С and below |
Explosive class B-Ia |
14. External receiving and draining devices and tanks for storing liquid fuels and additives with a vapor flash point of 45 ° C and below |
Explosive class B-Ig |
15. Premises of closed warehouses, pumping stations for liquid fuels, additives and wastewater treatment plants with a vapor flash point above 45 ° C |
Fire class П-I |
16. External receiving and draining devices and tanks for storing liquid fuels and additives with a vapor flash point above 45 ° C |
Fire hazardous class P-III |
Page 49 of 49
CHANGE N 1 SNiP II-35-76 "Boiler plants"
SNiP shall be supplemented with section 1a of the following content:
"1a. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Boiler room- a complex of buildings and structures, a building or premises with a boiler (heat generator) and auxiliary technological equipment designed to generate heat for the purpose of heat supply.
Central boiler house- a boiler house designed for several buildings and structures connected to the boiler house by external heating networks.
Autonomous (individual) boiler room- a boiler house intended for heat supply of one building or structure.
Roof boiler room- a boiler house located (placed) on the roof of the building directly or on a specially arranged base above the roof.
Items 1.3, 1.5-1.8, 1.18-1.23 to read as follows.
"1.3. The design of new and reconstructed boiler houses should be carried out in accordance with the approved heat supply schemes, developed taking into account the construction of autonomous (individual) boiler houses.
In the absence of an approved heat supply scheme, the design of boiler houses is allowed on the basis of relevant feasibility studies (FS), agreed in the prescribed manner.
The type of fuel for boiler houses is determined in agreement with fuel-containing organizations in the prescribed manner. At the same time, the use of solid or liquid fuel for rooftop boilers is not allowed.
1.5. Boilers for placement on the master plan are divided into:
stand-alone;
attached to buildings for other purposes;
built into buildings for other purposes, regardless of the location floor;
1.6. For industrial buildings of industrial enterprises, it is allowed to design attached, built-in and roof boilers. For boiler houses attached to buildings of the specified purpose, the total thermal output of the installed boilers, the unit output of each boiler and the parameters of the coolant are not standardized. At the same time, boiler rooms should be located near the walls, where the horizontal distance from the boiler room wall to the nearest opening should be at least 2 m, and the vertical distance from the boiler room ceiling to the nearest opening should be at least 8 m.
For boiler houses built into industrial buildings of industrial enterprises, when using boilers with a steam pressure of up to 0.07 MPa (1.7 kgf / cm 2) and a water temperature of up to 115 ° C, the thermal power of the boilers is not standardized.
The thermal power of boilers with a steam pressure of more than 0.07 MPa (1.7 kgf / cm 2) and a water temperature of more than 115 ° C should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bestablished by the Rules for the Construction and Safe Operation of Steam and Hot Water Boilers approved by the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia.
Rooftop boiler houses for industrial buildings of industrial enterprises, when used, it is allowed to design using boilers with steam pressure up to 0.07 MPa (1.7 kgf / cm 2) and water temperature up to 115 ° C. At the same time, the thermal power of such a boiler house should not exceed the need in the heat of knowledge, for the heat supply of which it is intended, but not more than 5 MW.
It is not allowed to place roof and built-in boiler rooms above industrial premises and warehouses of categories A and B due to explosion and fire hazard.
1.7. The placement of boiler rooms built into multi-apartment residential buildings is not allowed.
For residential buildings, the installation of attached and roof boiler rooms is allowed. These boiler houses may be designed using hot water boilers with water temperatures up to 115 ° C.
The heat output of the boiler house should not exceed the heat demand for the heat supply of which it is intended, and the heat output of the rooftop boiler house should not exceed 3.0 MW.
It is not allowed to design attached boiler rooms directly adjacent to residential buildings from the entrance entrances, and sections of walls with window openings, where the distance from the outer wall of the boiler room to the nearest window of the living room is less than 4 m horizontally, and the distance from the boiler room ceiling to the nearest window of the living room less than 8 m vertically.
It is not allowed to place roof boilers directly on the ceilings of residential premises (the ceiling of a residential premises cannot serve as the base of the boiler room floor), as well as adjacent to residential premises.
1.8. For public, administrative and domestic buildings, it is allowed to design built-in, attached and roof boilers when using:
hot water boilers with water heating temperature up to 115°С.
steam boilers with saturated steam pressure up to 0.07 MPa, satisfying the condition
(T -100) · V £ 100 for each boiler.
t is the temperature of saturated steam at design pressure, °C;
V - water volume of the boiler, m 3;
At the same time, in boiler rooms located in the basement, it is not allowed to provide boilers designed to operate on gaseous and liquid fuels with a vapor flash point below 45 ° C.
The total thermal power of an individual boiler house should not exceed the heat demand of the building or structure for which it is intended to supply heat, in addition, the thermal power should not exceed:
3.0 MW - for a roof boiler house and for a built-in boiler house with boilers for liquid and gaseous fuels;
1.5 MW - for a built-in boiler house with solid fuel boilers.
The total heat output of the attached boiler houses is not limited.
It is not allowed to place attached boiler rooms on the side of the main facade of buildings. The distance from the wall of the boiler house building to the nearest window must be at least 4 m horizontally, and from the cover of the boiler room to the nearest window at least 8 m vertically. Such boiler rooms are also not allowed to be placed adjacent to, under and above the premises with more than 50 people staying in them at the same time.
It is not allowed to design roof, built-in and attached boiler houses to the buildings of preschool and school institutions, to medical and dormitory buildings of hospitals, clinics, sanatoriums and recreation facilities.
1.18. Boiler projects should include:
boilers, economizers, air heaters, ash collectors and other equipment in a modular transportable design of increased factory readiness;
enlarged mounting blocks of pipelines and gas-air pipelines;
enlargement of groups of technologically interconnected auxiliary equipment by arranging it into transportable assembly blocks with pipelines and fittings.
For built-in, attached and roof boilers, automated boilers of full factory readiness should be provided.
1.19. Outside the buildings of boiler houses, in open areas, it is allowed to place draft machines, ash collectors, deaerators, calciners, clarifiers, tanks for various purposes, fuel oil heaters; at the same time, measures should be taken to ensure reliable and safe operation, protection against freezing of pipelines and fittings, as well as measures to protect the environment from pollution and noise protection.
The possibility of installing a roof boiler on buildings of any purpose above the 26.5 m mark must be agreed with the territorial bodies of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
1.20. The technological scheme and layout of the boiler room equipment should provide:
optimal mechanization and automation of technological processes, safe and convenient equipment maintenance;
installation of equipment in queues;
the smallest length of communication;
optimal conditions for the mechanization of repair work;
the possibility of entering the boiler room for floor transport (forklifts, electric cars) for transporting equipment components and pipelines during repair work.
Automation of technological processes of individual boiler houses should ensure safe operation without permanent maintenance personnel.
For the repair of equipment components. fittings and pipelines weighing more than 50 kg, as a rule, inventory lifting devices (electric cars, truck cranes) should be provided.
If it is impossible to maintain equipment using inventory devices for these purposes, it is allowed to provide stationary lifting mechanisms (hoists, hoists, overhead and overhead cranes). Stationary load-lifting devices, necessary for performing only installation work, are not provided for by the project.
To ensure the repair of equipment installed in open areas, ground-based trackless cranes should, as a rule, be provided.
1.21. In boiler rooms, it is necessary to provide for repair areas or premises for the current repair of equipment, fittings, control and regulation devices. At the same time, one should take into account the possibility of performing work on the current repair of the specified equipment by industrial enterprises or regional specialized organizations.
Repair areas are not provided for in autonomous boiler houses. Repair of equipment, fittings, control and regulation devices in such boiler rooms should be carried out only by specialized organizations that have the appropriate licenses, using their bases and inventory devices.
1.22. The placement of boilers and auxiliary equipment and boiler rooms (the distance between boilers and building structures, the width of the passages), as well as the arrangement of platforms and stairs for servicing equipment, depending on the parameters of the coolant, should be provided in accordance with the rules for the design and safe operation of steam and hot water boilers approved by Gosgortekhnadzor Russia, the rules for the design and safe operation of steam boilers with a steam pressure of not more than 0.07 MPa (1.7 kgf / cm 2), hot water boilers and water heaters with a water heating temperature of not more than 338 K (115 ° C), approved by the Ministry of Construction of Russia, as well as in accordance with the passports and operating instructions for the boilers.
For autonomous automated boiler rooms operating without permanent maintenance personnel, the dimensions of the passages are taken in accordance with the passports and operating instructions to ensure free access during maintenance, installation and dismantling of equipment.
1.23. Categories of industries for explosive, explosive and fire hazards and the degree of fire resistance of buildings (premises) in boiler houses should be taken in accordance with Appendix. 1 to these rules and regulations, as well as in accordance with the Fire Safety Standards NPB 105 - 95.
Paragraph 2.4.
"2.4. The main building, fuel facilities and ash and slag removal facilities, a transformer substation, a gas control point (GRP), a condensate collection and pumping station, hot water storage tanks, a water treatment and reagent facilities building should be located on the boiler site.
These buildings and structures may be combined, observing the requirements of Section 11 of these rules and regulations. The capacity of liquid fuel storage facilities should not exceed the values established by building codes and regulations for the design of oil and petroleum product storage facilities for storage facilities of the second group.
For built-in and attached individual boiler houses, closed warehouses for storing solid and liquid fuels should be provided, located outside the boiler room and the building for the heat supply of which it is intended, in accordance with SNiP 2.07.01-89.
The capacity of liquid fuel storage facilities should not exceed the values established by building codes and regulations for the design of oil and petroleum product storage facilities for storage facilities of the second group.
The fencing of boiler rooms should be designed in accordance with the Guidelines for the Design of Fences for Sites and Sites of Enterprises, Buildings and Structures.
Buildings and fences of boiler houses located on the sites of industrial enterprises are not allowed to be fenced.
Items 3.1, 3.9, 3.10, 3.15, 3.16, 3.29 to read as follows:
"3.1. When designing buildings and structures of boiler houses, one should be guided by building codes and rules for the design of industrial buildings,
administrative and household buildings, structures of industrial enterprises and the instructions of this section.
When designing built-in, attached and roof boilers, one should additionally be guided by the requirements of building codes and regulations of those buildings and structures for the heat supply of which they are intended.
3.9. Built-in boiler rooms must be separated from adjacent rooms by type 2 fire walls or type 1 fire partitions and type 3 fire ceilings. Attached boiler rooms should be separated from the main building by a type 2 fire wall. At the same time, the wall of the building to which the boiler room is attached must have a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours, and the boiler room must be covered with non-combustible materials.
The load-bearing and enclosing structures of roof boiler houses must have a fire resistance limit of 0.75 hours, the flame propagation limit for the structure is equal to zero, and the roofing of the main building under the boiler room and at a distance of 2 m from its walls must be made of non-combustible materials or protected from fire with a concrete screed at least 20 mm thick.
The resistance to air and vapor permeability of walls and ceilings separating built-in and attached boiler rooms from other rooms, as well as building coverings when boiler rooms are placed on roofs, must comply with the requirements of SNiP II-3-79 "Construction Heat Engineering".
The internal surfaces of the walls of built-in and roof boiler rooms must be painted with moisture-resistant paints.
3.10. Exits from built-in and attached boiler rooms should be provided directly to the outside.
Flights of stairs for built-in boiler rooms are allowed to be located in the dimensions of common staircases, separating these marches from the rest of the staircase with fireproof partitions and ceilings with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours .
For rooftop boilers, the following should be provided:
exit from the boiler room directly to the roof;
access to the roof from the main building via a flight of stairs;
with a roof slope of more than 10%, navigation bridges 1 m wide should be provided, with railings from the roof exit to the boiler room and along the perimeter of the boiler room.
The structures of bridges and railings should be made of non-combustible materials.
3.15. Permissible sound pressure levels and sound levels at permanent workplaces and at control panels should be taken in accordance with the Sanitary Design Standards for Industrial Enterprises.
Autonomous boiler rooms must provide a sound pressure level in accordance with the requirements of SNiP II-12-77 of those buildings and structures for the heat supply of which they are intended.
3.16. The external enclosing structures of the ground part of the fuel supply for fuel with the release of volatile substances per combustible mass of 20% or more (unloaders, crushing compartments, conveyor galleries, transfer units, over-bunker galleries should be designed based on the fact that the area of easily discharged structures should be at least 0, 03 m 2 per 1 m 2 of room volume.Window frames in buildings and fuel supply rooms should be provided as single and located, as a rule, in the same plane with the inner surface of the walls.
In individual boiler houses operating on liquid and gaseous fuels, easy-to-reset enclosing structures should be provided at the rate of 0.03 m 2 per 1 m 2 of the volume of the room in which the boilers are located.
3.29. Technological equipment with static and dynamic loads that do not cause stresses in the underlying concrete layer of the floor, which exceed the stress from the impact of installation and transport loads, should be installed without foundations.
For built-in and roof boilers, technological equipment should be provided, the static and dynamic loads of which allow it to be installed without foundations. At the same time, the static and dynamic loads from the equipment of the roof boiler on the floor of the building should not exceed the bearing capacity of the building structures used in the building.
Chapter 4 put in a new edition:
" 4 "FUEL"
4.1. The types of fuel of the main, reserve and emergency, as well as the need for a reserve or emergency type of fuel for boiler houses, are established taking into account the category of the boiler house, based on local operating conditions, in agreement with the fuel supply organizations.
4.2. The type of fuel for kindling and "highlighting" boilers with chamber furnaces for burning solid fuel should be provided based on the requirements of the manufacturer.
Other items are excluded.
Paragraph 6.4. to read as follows:
"6.4. As "tail" heating surfaces, air heaters, surface and contact economizers, as well as heat recovery units using the latent heat of vaporization of flue gases should be used.
Surface economizers and air heaters and heat exchangers of latent heat of vaporization are accepted in the factory configuration of boiler units.
Contact water economizers can be used for heating water in domestic and technological hot water supply systems, baths and laundries. The use of heat obtained in contact economizers for domestic hot water supply is allowed in the presence of intermediate heat exchangers.
Heating of water for baths and laundries can be carried out in contact economizers. the use of which is permitted by the Ministry of Health of the USSR.
Contact economizers can be installed directly behind boilers or after surface economizers.
Items 7.6, 7.14, 7.15, 7.18 to read as follows:
"7.6. The design of the gas-air path of boiler houses is carried out in accordance with the standard method of aerodynamic calculation of boiler plants of the TsKTI im. I. I. Polzunova.
For built-in, attached and roof boilers, openings for supplying combustion air should be provided in the walls, usually located in the upper zone of the room.
The dimensions of the open section of the openings are determined based on ensuring the air velocity in them is not more than 1 m/s.
7.14. The height of chimneys with artificial draft is determined in accordance with the Guidelines for the calculation of the dispersion in the atmosphere of harmful substances contained in the emissions of enterprises and the Sanitary Standards for the Design of Industrial Enterprises.
The height of the chimneys under natural draft is determined on the basis of the results of the aerodynamic calculation of the gas-air path and is checked according to the conditions of dispersion of harmful substances in the atmosphere.
When calculating the dispersion of harmful substances in the atmosphere, the maximum allowable concentrations of ash, sulfur oxides, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide should be taken. In this case, the amount of emitted harmful emissions is taken, as a rule, according to the data of boiler manufacturers, in the absence of these data, they are determined by calculation.
The height of the mouth of the chimneys for built-in, attached and roof boilers must be above the boundary of the wind backwater, but not less than 0.5 m above the roof, and also not less than 2 m above the roof of the higher part of the building or the tallest building within a radius of 10 m.
7.15. The diameters of the outlet openings of steel chimneys are determined from the condition of optimal gas velocities based on technical and economic calculations.
The diameters of the outlets of brick and reinforced concrete pipes are determined on the basis of the requirements of clause 7.16 of these rules and regulations.
7.18. For boilers operating on gaseous fuels, the use of steel chimneys is allowed if it is not economically feasible to increase the flue gas temperature.
For autonomous boiler rooms, chimneys must be gas-tight, made of metal or non-combustible materials.
Pipes should have, as a rule, external thermal insulation to prevent the formation of condensate and manholes for inspection and cleaning.
Paragraph 8.17 to read as follows:
"8.17. In autonomous boiler rooms, if it is necessary to maintain a constant water temperature at the inlet to the boiler, a recirculation pipeline should be provided."
Paragraphs 9.18, 9.24 to read as follows:
"9.18. The performance of water heating installations is determined by the maximum hourly heat consumption for heating and ventilation and the estimated heat consumption for hot water supply, determined in accordance with building codes in the rules for designing hot water supply.
The performance of heaters for hot water supply in individual boiler rooms is determined by the maximum flow rate.
9.24. Condensate from steam-water heaters of boiler rooms should be directed directly to deaerators.
In boiler rooms, closed tanks with a steam cushion should be provided for collecting steam pipeline drains, condensate from steam-water heaters and heaters of the heating and ventilation system of the boiler room.
When condensate collection tanks are located in or near the boiler room, all drainage should be directed to these tanks. At the same time, special drainage collection tanks are not provided in the boiler room.
depending on the quality of the condensate. returned from external consumers, it should be possible to directly supply it to the deaerators for joint treatment with source water or treatment in a special installation.
Condensate from heat exchangers of latent heat of flue gas vaporization can be used in the boiler feeding system after special treatment or discharged into the sewer after the neutralization plant.
Items 10.1, 10.7, 10.27 to read as follows:
"10.1. The water treatment project should include solutions for water treatment for feeding steam boilers, heating and hot water systems, as well as for monitoring the quality of water and steam.
For autonomous boiler houses, it is allowed not to provide for a water treatment plant if the initial and emergency filling of the circulation circuits of the boilers and the heating system with chemically treated water or pure condensate is ensured.
At the same time, a filling device must be provided in the boiler room.
10.7. Water quality standards for filling and make-up of heating networks, heating systems and circulation circuits of hot water boilers must meet the requirements of the norms and rules for the design of heating networks, as well as the requirements of manufacturers' instructions for
operation of hot water boilers.
10.27. The design capacity of the water treatment plant is determined by:
for supplying steam boilers - the sum of the maximum losses of steam and condensate by technological consumers, losses of water with continuous purge and losses of steam and condensate in the boiler room;
for make-up heating networks-in in accordance with building codes and rules for the design of heating networks.
for autonomous boiler houses - based on the initial or emergency filling of all circulation volumes for no more than 8 hours.
Items 11.39, 11.42, 11.49, 11.52, 11.53, 11.59, 11.60 to read as follows:
"11.39. At least two tanks should be provided for storing the main and reserve fuel. It is allowed to install one tank for storage of emergency fuel.
The total capacity of tanks for storing liquid additives is determined by the conditions of their delivery (capacity of railway or truck tanks), but should be at least 0.5% of the capacity of the fuel oil storage. The number of tanks is taken at least two.
For built-in and attached individual liquid fuel boilers, a fuel storage should be provided located outside the boiler room and heated buildings, with a capacity calculated from storage conditions of at least 5 daily fuel consumption determined for the mode corresponding to the heat load of the boiler in the coldest month mode, the amount tanks are not limited.
11.42. To heat fuel in railway tanks, steam with a pressure of 6-10 kgf / cm 2 should be used. To heat fuel oil in heaters, fuel storage tanks, receiving tanks and drain trays, steam with a pressure of 6-10 kgf / cm 2 or high-temperature water with a temperature of at least 120 0 С can be used.
For liquid fuel of built-in and attached boiler houses, if it is necessary to heat it in external tanks, the coolant of the same boiler houses is used.
11.49. In boiler rooms (but not above boilers or economizers) of stand-alone boiler houses, it is allowed to provide for the installation of closed supply tanks of liquid fuel with a capacity of not more than 5 m 3 for fuel oil and 1 m 3 for light oil fuel.
For built-in and attached individual boiler rooms, the total capacity of service tanks installed in the boiler room should not exceed 0.8 m 3.
When installing these tanks in boiler rooms, one should be guided by building codes and rules for the design of oil and oil products warehouses.
11.52. In boiler rooms designed for operation on liquid fuel only, fuel supply from fuel pumps to boilers should be provided through two lines for boiler houses of the first category and one line for boiler houses of the second category.
In cases where liquid fuel is used as a backup, emergency or starting fuel, it is supplied to the boilers through single pipelines, regardless of the boiler room category.
The supply of coolant to the fuel supply installations for boiler houses is provided through one or two pipelines in accordance with the number of fuel supply lines to the boilers.
When fuel and coolant are supplied through two lines, each of the lines is calculated to pass 75% of the fuel and coolant consumed at the maximum load of working boilers.
For boiler houses operating on light oil fuel, fuel lines should provide:
a shut-off device with an insulating flange and a quick-acting shut-off valve with an electric drive at the fuel inlet to the boiler room;
shut-off valves at the outlet to each boiler or burner;
shut-off valve on the outlet to the drain line.
11.53. The laying of fuel lines should be provided above ground. Underground laying is allowed in impassable channels with removable ceilings with a minimum depth of the channels without backfilling.
In the places where the channels adjoin the outer wall of buildings, the channels must be covered with sand or have fireproof diaphragms.
Fuel lines must be laid with a slope of at least 0.003. It is forbidden to lay fuel lines directly through flue gases, air ducts and ventilation shafts.
11.59. For built-in, attached and roof boilers, natural gas supply with a pressure of up to 5 kPa should be provided. At the same time, open sections of the gas pipeline should be laid along the outer wall of the building along a pier with a width of at least 1.5 m.
11.60. On the supply gas pipeline to the boiler room, the following must be installed:
a disconnecting device with an insulating flange on the outer wall of the building at a height of not more than 1.8 m;
a quick-acting shut-off valve with an electric drive inside the boiler room;
shut-off valves at the outlet to each boiler or gas burner.
Items 14.3, 14.6, 14.23 to read as follows:
14.3. The choice of electric motors, starting equipment, control devices, lamps and wiring should be made depending on the characteristics of buildings (premises) and structures according to the environmental conditions determined by adj. 9 to these rules and regulations, taking into account the following additional requirements:
electric motors for exhaust fans installed in the premises of built-in attached and roof boilers with boilers designed to operate on gaseous fuels and liquid fuels with a vapor flash point of 45 ° C and below must be of the design provided for by the PUE for class B-1a rooms.
The starting equipment of these fans, as a rule, should be installed outside the boiler room and be of a design that meets the characteristics of the environment. If it is necessary to install starting equipment in the boiler room, this equipment is accepted in the version provided for by the PUE for rooms of class B-1a;
when water treatment equipment, pumping stations and gas control units are located in a common room with boilers, the choice of electrical equipment is made according to the characteristics among the boiler room;
for fuel supply rooms equipped with a hydraulic cleaning system, the choice of the design of electrical equipment, wiring and lamps is made taking into account the possibility of washing them with water.
14.6. To ensure the safe operation and safety of the equipment when the boiler units are turned off, blocking of the electric motors of smoke exhausters, blowers, and fuel supply mechanisms should be provided.
Blocking of electric motors of mechanisms of boilers with layered manual fireboxes is not provided.
In the systems of fuel supply, dust preparation and ash and slag removal, it is necessary to provide for the blocking of mechanisms, which ensures the switching on and off of electric motors in a certain sequence, excluding blockage of individual mechanisms with fuel, ash or slag.
Mechanisms for fuel supply and dust preparation should be interlocked with fans of aspiration plants.
In boiler rooms without constant maintenance of personnel operating on liquid and gaseous fuels, automatic closing of the quick-acting shut-off valve at the fuel inlet to the boiler room should be provided:
during a power outage;
when there is a gas contamination signal from a gas-fired boiler house.
Such boiler rooms must be protected from unauthorized access inside.
14.23. Boilers should provide for accounting for electricity consumption.
Items 15.6, 15.15, 15.17, 15.27 to read as follows:
"15.6. For hot water boilers when burning gaseous or liquid fuels, devices should be provided that automatically stop the fuel supply to the burners when:
a) increasing or decreasing the pressure of gaseous fuel in front of the burners;
b) lowering the pressure of liquid fuel in front of the burners, except for boilers equipped with rotary burners;
c) lowering the air pressure in front of the burners for boilers equipped with burners with forced air supply;
d) reduction of rarefaction in the furnace;
e) extinguishing of the burner torches, which cannot be turned off during the operation of the boiler:
f) an increase in the temperature of the water at the outlet of the boiler;
g) increase or decrease in water pressure at the outlet of the boiler;
h) malfunctions of protection circuits, including power failure, only for boiler houses of the second category.
Note. For boilers with a water temperature of 1150 C and below, with a decrease in water pressure behind the boiler and a decrease in water flow through the boiler, automatic shutdown of the fuel supply to the burners is not provided.
15.15. In boiler rooms operating without permanent attendants, signals (light and sound) should be sent to the control room:
equipment malfunctions, while the reason for the call is recorded in the boiler room;
actuation signal of the main quick-acting shut-off valve for the fuel supply of the boiler room;
for boiler houses operating on gaseous fuels, when the gas content of the room reaches 10% of the lower flammability limit of natural gas.
15.17. Automatic control of combustion processes should be provided for boilers with chamber furnaces for burning solid, gaseous and liquid fuels, as well as for boilers with layered mechanized furnaces that allow automating their operation.
Automatic regulation of boiler houses operating without permanent attendants should provide for the automatic operation of the main and auxiliary equipment of the boiler room, depending on the specified operating parameters and taking into account the automation of heat-consuming installations. Starting boilers in case of emergency shutdown should be carried out after troubleshooting manually.
Note. Automation of the sprinkling process for the operation of boilers on emergency fuel is not provided.
15.27. The boiler room should provide for automatic maintenance of the set temperature of the water entering the heat supply and hot water supply systems, as well as the set temperature of the return water entering the boilers, if this is provided for by the manufacturer's instructions.
For boiler houses with water-heating boilers equipped with sinks not intended for automatic control of the combustion process, it is allowed not to provide for automatic control of the water temperature.
Paragraph 16.9 to read as follows:
16.9. For boiler rooms operating on gaseous fuels, in the presence of permanent attendants, at least three air exchanges per 1 hour should be provided, excluding air sucked into the furnaces of boilers for combustion.
The design of exhaust fans installed in these boiler rooms should exclude the possibility of sparking.
Items 17.5, 17.22 to read as follows:
"17.5. The installation of fire hydrants should be provided in rooms with industries of categories A, B and C, as well as in rooms where pipelines of liquid and gaseous fuels are laid.
A building with a height of more than 12 m, not equipped with an internal fire water supply for supplying water for fire extinguishing, having a roof boiler room, must be equipped with a "dry pipe" with an output to the roof with fire hose heads with a diameter of 70 mm.
17.22. In built-in and roof boiler rooms, the floor must have waterproofing, designed for a flood height of up to 10 cm.
Entrance doors must have thresholds to prevent water from entering the boiler room in the event of a pipeline failure and a device for removing it into the sewer.
Items 18.25 to read as follows:
"18.25. The design seismicity of buildings and structures of boiler houses is taken in accordance with the design seismicity of buildings and structures for the heat supply of which boiler houses are designed.
The bearing capacity of the structures of the main building and structures with built-in and roof boilers should be calculated taking into account additional loads from the main and auxiliary equipment of the boiler in accordance with SNiP II-7-81.
Fastening of the main and auxiliary equipment to the supporting and enclosing structures of the premises of such boiler rooms should also be carried out in accordance with the specified SNiP.
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