In order not to be turned off: the card from Nabiullina will soon become mandatory for retail business and state employees, but there is no way to go abroad with her yet
The Mir card will become mandatory for state employees - such a law was signed by Vladimir Putin on the Spring and Labor Day. This is half of all workers in Russia. "BUSINESS Online" recalls the history of the emergence of a national payment system, at the origins of which, more and more successfully, AK BARS could also be. And experts name the main problem: how to distribute tens of millions of “plastic” units to Russians in a year, because so far “Mir” is only 2% of a quarter of a billion cards in the hands of Russians.
Vladimir Putin made another gift to state employees, ordering to gradually transfer all state payments to the Mir card Photo: kremlin.ru
"MIR" BECAME MANDATORY FOR PUBLIC EMPLOYEES, DESPITE PROTESTS FAS AND SBERBANK
On the Holiday of Spring and Labor, the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin made another gift to state employees, ordering to gradually transfer all state payments to the Mir card. According to the document, from July 1, 2017, banks are required to issue a national payment card to all applicants for state payments. From the same date, banks must ensure the acceptance of cards at their ATMs and terminals. From July 1, 2018, all public sector employees (civil servants, employees of state institutions, recipients of social benefits) will be transferred to the Mir card. And pensioners who already have cards of other payment systems will be able to change them to Mir cards after their expiration date, but no later than July 1, 2020.
The most interesting awaits those who have not bothered to open their "Mir". If after July 1, 2018 this card is not linked to the account of a state employee, then the bank will consider this money as “unexplained funds”. The bank, of course, will offer the client to either open a new account with Mir, or receive money in cash, or open an account without a card, but if the client does not appear for 10 days, the bank will return the money to the payer, Vedomosti writes today.
Businesses dealing with the population are obliged to install terminals that accept Mir cards from October 1, if the annual turnover exceeds 40 million rubles. The law exempts from this only those entrepreneurs whose outlets are not even provided with cellular communications or collective Internet. The amendments signed by Putin retain the same procedure for obtaining tax deductions and in general all irregular payments from the state. However, the government, in agreement with the Central Bank, can establish its own list of payments, the money for which must necessarily go through Mir cards. In addition, the document fixes the size of the commission associated with the acceptance of the Mir card at the level of similar card products.
It should be noted that earlier the head of Sberbank spoke out against the obligatory nature of Mir for state employees. German Gref. When preparing the law in the State Duma, he noted that any obligation is dangerous for the quality of services. In addition, this opinion was also inclined in other big banks- according to media reports, Alfa-Bank, Otkritie Bank, Promsvyazbank and others joined the letter to the Central Bank against "mirization", although the bankers officially denied this. In addition, the Federal Antimonopoly Service considered this an infringement of the rights of citizens, and in general, the transfer of social benefits to these cards, according to the FAS, will have a bad effect on competition in banking. But these protests were ignored.
Yesterday, during a roundtable discussion at the FAS, they proposed to postpone the transfer of state employees to the Mir card. “The current version of the draft law raises certain questions and, it seems to us, requires discussion: are entrepreneurs, including small entrepreneurs, ready to ensure the acceptance of cards in principle in such a short time. Because, according to the information we have, there are quite a lot of such entrepreneurs, ”Interfax quotes the deputy head of the financial markets control department of the Federal Antimonopoly Service Lilia Belyaeva.
Previously against the obligation of "Mir"
for state employees spoke the head of Sberbank German Gref Photo: BUSINESS Online
OUT OF 254 MILLION MIR CARD IS 5 MILLION. THINGS
Now only 5 million Mir cards have been issued in the country. Recall that its operator is NSPK JSC, the national payment system payment cards controlled by the Central Bank.
The card is issued by 75 banks (there are currently 623 of them in the country, and 439 banks conduct transactions with cards). Among them are Tatarstan ones: for example, AK BARS Bank, Avers, Avtogradbank, Bank of Kazan and others. The press center of Sberbank RT "BUSINESS Online" reported that the bank serves 42% of state employees and pensioners in Tatarstan. The translation process for state employees, including military personnel, is planned to be completed by July 1, 2018. And pensioners can exchange valid cards after their expiration date, but no later than July 1, 2020, the message says. "Mir" is already accepted in 95% of terminals and ATMs with the function of withdrawing cash throughout the country, the card is serviced in 181 banks. And in autumn, the operator promises to launch a loyalty program based on the cashback principle.
For comparison, in total in Russia, according to the statistics of the Central Bank, more than 254 million tons were issued. plastic cards various systems, the market leaders are Visa and MasterCard. These are mainly debit cards - a little more than 30,000 credit cards have been issued. 11 million new cards were issued during the year. 63% of Russians, according to official figures, use cards to receive salaries and pensions. So Sberbank alone will have to issue about 40 million Mir cards in order to cover the needs of its state employees and pensioners.
So far, one of the card's problems is its service abroad. According to a State Duma deputy, president of the Association of Regional Banks of Russia Anatoly Aksakov still no problem with that. “If you want your card to be accepted abroad, then it must have additional application. There is an agreement between the Mir card and MasterCard, JCB, UnionPay - international payment systems. This allows you to use the card in Russia as "Mir", and abroad - as a card international system. And there will be no problems, ”he assures. However, Mir will also build a direct settlement system where there is a large flow of Russian tourists. In April, for example, relevant negotiations were held in Thailand. And yet, despite such a cosmopolitan name, experts still do not advise taking Mir with you abroad.
"MAPS OF ALL RUSSIA": FROMUNION AND "GOLDEN CROWN" BEFORE GREF'S FAILURE PROJECT
Recall that the Mir card is “our answer to Chamberlain”. The national payment card system appeared in 2014 against the backdrop of a sharp aggravation of relations with Western countries - after Crimea became part of Russia. Then, after the imposition of sanctions by the United States, they were blocked Visa cards and MasterCard issued by Rossiya and SMP-Bank, as well as Sobinbank and Investkapitalbank related to it. This demonstrated the vulnerability of the Russian banking system- and the relevant law was adopted by a strong-willed decision. In general, the first attempts to create a unified national payment system were made back in the 90s. In 1992, the STB Card interbank settlement system appeared, and a year later, the Union Card: by 1999, it united over 450 banks. Sberbank created its own system in 1993 - by 2000, 3 million Sbercards were circulating in it. In Novosibirsk, a system was created " Gold Crown» — in 2014 it united 8 million cards.
Banks more than once or twice turned to the Central Bank with proposals to create a unified system, but in the 90s it seemed easier to use existing foreign systems. In addition, it was not clear who would finance the creation of the NSPK and who, in fact, would skim the cream off this market. While they were pulling the blanket over themselves, the market was actually conquered by Visa and MasterCard. But the first bell of doubt about their reliability sounded in 1998, when they turned off the service during a crisis. Russian cards in the international network of terminals and ATMs.
In 2009, an epic began with a universal electronic card. Then the President Dmitry Medvedev stated that it is necessary to create a universal key for a citizen's access to the services of government agencies. Well, at the same time - an electronic wallet, medical policy, pension insurance and other joys of life. The idea was picked up by Sberbank: its head, Gref, proposed making the project private-state, and then AK BARS Bank was among the founders. The cards were supposed to be distributed to everyone by 2012. But the project stalled: the budget did not give money for it, shifting everything to the founding banks. The believers also “revolted”, christening the card the “chip of the Beast” - and in February, the Bishops’ Council of the Russian Orthodox Church opposed the uncontested and forced use of electronic personal identification. Getting a card became a voluntary matter, and the project became unprofitable. When foreign payment systems stopped servicing cards of a number of Russian banks in 2014, UEC had a chance to become a “card of all Russia”. But the head of the Central Bank Elvira Nabiullina I chose to start a new project from scratch. So "AK BARS" hundreds of millions of rubles on this project.
Gref, on the other hand, is implementing another project - the "Card of a resident of the Republic of Tatarstan", which is in pilot mode in Zelenodolsk. As he said at the opening of the project, the task is to transfer 90% of cash flow after the card is received by 72.5% of the population. But the basis of this project is foreign: the “Republic of the Republic of Tatarstan card”, which is issued by Sberbank and AK BARS, is issued on the MasterCard platform. For comparison, in Bashkiria, the “Resident Card” will be issued on the basis of the MIR. The press service of Sberbank stressed the independence of the project. Its main advantage is quick and convenient access to social, medical, transport services, as well as payment for purchases. “It is the extended functionality of the map (in addition to banking service) gives a special value to the card,” the press service of the Tatarstan office of Sberbank noted.
Gref is implementing another project - the "Card of a resident of the Republic of Tatarstan", which is being tested in a pilot mode in ZelenodolskPhoto: BUSINESS Online
“WHEN THE LAWS OF COMPETITION ARE ALWAYS VIOLATED, THERE IS A RISK”
BUSINESS Online turned to experts for comments.
Anatoly Aksakov Chairman of the State Duma Committee on financial market, President of the Association of Regional Banks of Russia:
- In my opinion, the Mir system is needed, this is a question national security and the question of the possibility of settlements, payments of Russian citizens in the public sector. The state has no right to somehow influence the non-budgetary sphere. We already had precedents with pressure from the State Department, when Visa and MasterCard actually stopped serving customers, and they did it illegally.
As for competition, this is the emergence of another strong and high-tech player in the Russian market. This should be a developed system that meets the most modern requirements in terms of manufacturability and quality of service. We will have our own system that will compete with Visa, MasterCard and other international payment systems. I think that there are no minuses, just with the transition for someone it will be an inconvenience at first. From July 1 this year until July 1 next year, all state employees will have to switch to using this card if they receive a salary or other payments from the budget to their accounts - this is the only problem. And everything else, in my opinion, will only give a plus.
Pavel Medvedev- financial ombudsman:
- I really hope that there will be no difficulties. Although the situation is alarming, such a Soviet situation, when "happiness" is imposed... Whenever the laws of competition are violated, there is a big risk. Cards are issued different banks, and banks can set certain conditions. And I really hope that since the cards are introduced for political reasons, there will be no deceit in connection with their release.
A few years ago, such a grandiose program was implemented - every citizen was given the right to receive money to the account that he likes, but before that this was not the case, the enterprise decided where to transfer money, if not received at the box office. Such freedom was given to a person, and it was considered a great achievement. It is better when there is competition, when, if you didn’t like something, you told your bank: “Sorry, I’ll go to the next one, I don’t like your card, I’ll go and get another one.”
I think that cards have already been issued two times more than the population of the country. Another thing is that they are not all operating at the moment. Cards have become a real tool in the hands of citizens, and not necessarily the rich, but the simplest. But the simplest people withdraw money from the card and pay in cash in the store, while more advanced people use cards to pay in the store and on the Internet.
Viktor Dostov— Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Electronic Money and Money transfers»:
- There is only one, let's say, problem with the Mir card - millions of cards need to be distributed. This is a certain logistical task - to distribute cards, to change agreements for payments. This is the kind of work that is shifted to the banks. Banks have no other options, because this is the law, and there is no escape from it. Another step is to ensure the acceptance of Mir cards in all ATMs and outlets. But this is already being done, this is also a technical period for flashing terminals. From the point of view of the plastic card market, it is clear that this will pull a piece from Visa and MasterCard.
For overseas use, active efforts are being made to ensure that Mir cards can be accepted at all points and ATMs where Visa, MasterCard or China UnionPay are accepted. When this process is more or less completed, the acceptance of Mir cards will be approximately equal to the acceptance of cards of international payment systems. It's hardly a fast process. But if there is a large audience, if it is economically justified, then this issue will be resolved. Although there were precedents for local cards in France or Germany, which are not accepted by international payment systems. Whether the Mir card will become an international payment system is impossible to say, because it depends on how much money, political will and resources will be invested in the project. Everything can be done, but to what extent NSPK shareholders will be ready to invest in this, I cannot say, this is not my decision.
The card is issued by 75 banks (there are currently 623 of them in the country, and 439 banks conduct card transactions)Photo: Alexei Filippov, RIA Novosti
THE ADVANTAGES OF MIR CARDS WILL BE VISIBLE IN THE EVENT OF TIGHTENING SANCTIONS
Natalya Milchakova- Deputy Director of the analytical department of Alpari:
— According to the data cited in the media with reference to the analytics of the Central Bank, the market volume credit cards in the Russian Federation in monetary terms in 2016 decreased to 999 billion rubles. Today, the plastic card market is mainly divided between Visa and MasterCard, and the share of Mir payment cards is less than 3 percent. It is realistic to provide all state employees with Mir cards if the largest Russian banks— Sberbank and VTB. But for now, banks are quite cautious in issuing Mir cards, since the Russian payment system has no significant advantages over international ones. There is a significant advantage in the area economic security, that is, the national payment system is protected from sanctions. But when this risk occurs is no less difficult to predict than the occurrence of turbulence in clear skies during perfect weather. Therefore, in our opinion, the state is too hasty in transferring all state employees to the card of this system.
Difficulties may arise with the fact that until October 1, it will be difficult for small stores, especially in small towns, to update terminals for the purpose of paying with cards of the new payment system. The same can be said about small online stores. It is not clear whether cards of the Russian payment system will be accepted abroad - and if so, where and in what stores will they be able to pay? In addition, an important obstacle is the psychology of citizens who find it difficult to change their habits overnight. We believe that in the next two or three years, state employees who will start receiving payments using the Mir card will still use the cards of other payment systems that they are used to. But this will revive the plastic card market.
We believe that the share of Mir cards in the market will grow several times in one or two years, and Visa and MasterCard cards will be squeezed out a little. But it will not be possible to completely force them out, because international payment systems and their products have long taken root in Russia, people know them competitive advantages are used to them. It will be possible to speak about the fact that Mir cards will take a leading position in the market only in the very long term, and then for the occurrence of such an event, something serious must happen - tougher sanctions or withdrawal for some reason of international payment systems from Russia .
Alexander Pronyagin— Vice-President of LLC KBER Bank of Kazan:
— The issuance of the Mir card is gaining momentum very quickly. The Mir project started in short time, and it is highly likely that they will be observed. Like any innovation, the mass issue of "Mir" may individual cases cause a negative reaction, although, in our opinion, the transition should be as painless and comfortable as possible, and holders will eventually appreciate the advantage of this card. The expert and banking community sees the potential for the development of a new payment system. There is a high probability that the Mir card will gain wide popularity in the country. If we talk about the bank card market in the country as a whole, then card issuance began to grow at a rapid pace at the end of 2011, and in 2016 and now the dynamics is quite even.
Bogdan Zvarich— Analyst of the Finam group of companies:
- So far, the number of issued Mir cards, in my opinion, is insignificant, as well as the volume of transactions on them. However, given the initiatives to transfer budget salary projects to this system, it is quite possible that in the near future the growth in the number of issued cards will accelerate, but this will lead to the need for urgent issuance of a large number cards, which creates a serious problem for banks. On the one hand, they receive a peak load on the issuance of cards, since a large volume is needed. On the other hand, these cards should replace already issued cards of other payment systems. Both factors are negative for banks, and they are trying to delay or extend the introduction of this rule for more long term.
As for the benefits for banks, with the advent of products " classic card Privilege” and “Classic Privilege Plus Card” banks will be more willing to issue Mir cards. Both cards will be more profitable for banks due to a higher interbank commission, as a result of which issuing banks will receive more funds when paying with this card at points served by other banks.
At the same time, we expect further development of this payment system and an increase in its market share. This will be facilitated both by initiatives to transfer state employees to these cards, and by changing tariffs. It is worth noting that initiatives at the level of this one certainly provide certain advantages for Mir cards. However, one must also take into account the fact that this new system, which is still far from developing at the level of Visa and MasterCard. As a result, this initiative will contribute to its development, but for more significant results “The world needs to enter the international arena - the acceptance of cards abroad can increase demand for these cards.
A bank card is a convenient tool used by almost every resident of Russia. Many people call any cards "credit cards", although this is a mistake. Most of the cards issued today are debit cards, that is, those that do not store borrowed funds taken from the bank, but the owner's own money. Until now, not everyone fully understands what DC is and why it is needed.
Classical World Ak Bars bank card is a tool designed to pay for goods and services at retail outlets, on Internet resources, as well as to withdraw cash from ATMs. It can be described as an electronic wallet that has come to replace banknotes and coins.
The main feature is that the client uses only his own money, does not attract amounts borrowed from financial organization. This means that there is no need to make regular payments and interest on the card.
The offer can be used by any person who has reached the age of 14 and has a passport. The service is easy to apply, the applicant does not collect certificates, does not confirm income - it is enough to present a passport and fill out an application in the selected federal district.
Each Russian bank establishes its own rules of service.
Please read carefully before submitting your application available programs.. All labeled here important points according to the Classic World maps, the conditions for which it is important to study thoroughly. The transition to filling out the application is carried out from here.
What does the applicant pay attention to when he visits the site to search for recreation centers:
The Classic World card of Ak Bars bank is a really useful product that allows you to protect your savings. Third parties will not be able to get them. In addition, with the advent of these cards, the need to carry large amounts of cash with you has completely disappeared.
Very often, an account is opened precisely for the purpose of preserving and accumulating personal Money, and also used to receive wages, pensions, scholarships, etc. Employing organizations negotiate with the financial institution on their own - in this case, clients do nothing at all.
The Mir card is our, Russian development, all operations on it are carried out on the territory of the country. It does not depend on the functioning of international payment systems, which is especially important in the context of anti-Russian sanctions and the instability of world politics.
The national payment card makes it possible to perform all the usual operations: withdraw and deposit money through ATMs, pay for purchases and services, including on the Internet. It corresponds to all Russian and international standards security.
Mir cards are issued by all major Russian banks, including AK BARS Bank. ATMs across the country are ready to work with it. By June 8 this year, AK BARS Bank issued over 76,000 cards. Of these, 29 thousand were issued as part of salary projects for public sector employees, and the rest for individuals including recipients of subsidies.
A large-scale process of phased transfer of budget payments to national Mir cards began in July this year. Cards within the framework of salary projects are issued to all new employees of state structures, including teachers, doctors, employees of government agencies. During the year - by July 1, 2018 - all employees of the public sector will receive Mir cards.
The terms of service for Mir cards are competitive with other payment systems. For those who do not want to issue a card for any reason, the opportunity remains to receive wages in cash or to a bank account.
The Mir card will also be issued to pensioners. For those who apply for a pension for the first time from July 1, 2017 and want to receive money for bank card, the map "Mir" will be issued. For those pensioners who now use cards of international payment systems, a gradual transition to the Mir card is provided as the current cards expire. This process is scheduled to be completed by July 1, 2020.
It is convenient to use “plastic”, but if someone receives a pension in cash, then he can continue to receive payments through bank cash desks or post offices.
For employees public sector, students and pensioners applying for the Mir card, special conditions are provided - free issue and reissue of the card for a new validity period, cash withdrawals in their ATM network without commission, in the ATM network of third-party banks throughout the Russian Federation up to 50,000 rubles. per month without commission.
The Mir payment system is also developing its own loyalty program, which is based on cashback - that is, when paying for a purchase with a Mir card, you can get part of the money spent back on the card. The average size such return will be up to 10 - 15%. The loyalty program "Mir" plans to launch this fall, it will be available to all cardholders of the Russian payment system.
In the future, the list of features of the Mir map will expand, and it will be even more convenient to use it.
Photo: Photo provided by the press service of AK BARS Bank
General license of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation 2590 dated August 12, 2015.
The Russian authorities want to oblige all state employees to use the Mir payment card, starting in 2018. The Mir card was created to protect Russian banks in cases where they stop working with them foreign systems. Such situations, as you know, have already happened - due to sanctions against Russia, there have been incidents with the disconnection of domestic banks from the international payment systems Visa and Mastercard.
According to Russian developers, the national payment card allows you to perform all the usual operations: withdrawing and depositing cash, transferring funds between accounts, paying for purchases, etc. But so far only in Russia.
The Central Bank has set a deadline for bankers when they will have to issue a national plastic card to all state employees - until January 1, 2018. From now on, these cards will have to pay for all accounts that receive funds from the budget and extra-budgetary state funds - pension, social insurance, mandatory health insurance etc.
The list of banks that have started issuing the Mir card includes Sberbank, VTB24, and Ak Bars.
“They can already be ordered and received at any branch in the city of Naberezhnye Chelny,” say the specialists of the plastic card department of Ak Bars Bank. “Anyone can come and apply for free.”
Representatives of the Chelny department of Sberbank, which serves the largest number of state employees, are going to start distributing cards during October: “There is no doubt that by January 1, 2018 they will be issued in the required quantity,” experts comment. “The main advantage of the innovation is that the salaries of state employees will have to be transferred to a national card, and not to cards of international payment systems.”
A similar opinion was expressed by the head of the Chelny branch of VTB24 Evgeny Selivanov: “True, we still do not issue Mir cards in the motor city. We are waiting for instructions from above, they have not yet even announced the approximate dates for issuance.”
« National system payment cards (NSPK) has already entered into agreements with MasterCard, Japan Credit Bureau and American Express to issue joint cards. ultraviolet radiation; chip (microprocessor) of gold or silver color; branded hologram "Mir" with a figured lens element.
According to representatives of Ak Bars Bank, while you can order debit card. Her annual service at a minimum rate of 200 rubles.
By and large, it doesn't matter to me what kind of payment system it will be: foreign or domestic, - one of the heads of the department in the city executive committee comments on the situation. - The main thing is that the card can be used around the clock, and money transactions are made smoothly. As a state employee, they transfer my salary through the Ak Bars bank. Their terminals in Tatarstan are everywhere. And I know that I pay 59 rubles a month for an SMS notification about any card transactions. For me it's a little. If there is an instruction to use the "Mir" cards, then it will be so.
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