Living wage in Ukraine in 2020 is defined by the Law “On state budget for 2020". Every year, the subsistence minimum for various segments of the population is revised upwards and included in the adopted budget for the whole year.
The living wage in Ukraine is not the same for all social and demographic groups of the population, since its calculation is based on the needs of different categories of citizens. When calculating this economic indicator use the classification of the population into the following categories:
The general (average) indicator is also determined separately. The highest figure for today is for children from 6 to 18 years old, the next highest is the minimum for able-bodied persons.
Not only the size of the minimum allowable salary, but also many other indicators depend on what the living wage in Ukraine is now. This value is used in accounting and economic calculations to calculate:
Several important points in the calculation of taxation depend on how much the living wage is now. For example, the size of the tax social benefit is calculated from the subsistence minimum for able-bodied persons using coefficients. In most cases, the tax credit is 50% of the living wage. Occasionally, coefficients of 100%, 150% and 200% of the subsistence minimum are applied. Such benefits are received by socially unprotected citizens, guardians and trustees, as well as those who have special service or military merits to the state.
This table shows the subsistence minimum in 2019 for Ukrainian citizens of various levels of provision. At the same time, the indicators set for the current year are valid until December 31, 2019.
Those who have lost their ability to work are recognized as persons who have reached retirement age, including those who have the right to receive a pension "on service", or to preferential terms, as well as for unemployed persons who are unable to provide for themselves due to disability.
Until 2010, the lower established limit wages did not reach the living wage. The gradual increase in the size of social standards has led to the fact that since 2010 in Ukraine the living wage for able-bodied persons began to coincide with the minimum wage or was slightly lower.
The increase in the subsistence minimum as a social standard occurs in accordance with the level of inflation and is subject to constant indexation. This amount may change several times during the year.
The dynamics of change and indicators of the subsistence minimum in Ukraine from 2010 to 2019 are shown in the table.
| Period | General indicator | Children under 6 | Children 6-18 years old | able-bodied persons | Disabled |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01.01.2000-31.12.2000 | 270,10 | 240,71 | 297,29 | 287,63 | 216,56 |
| 01.01.2001-31.12.2001 | 311,30 | 276,48 | 345,66 | 331,05 | 248,77 |
| 01.01.2002-31.12.2003 | 342,00 | 307,00 | 384,00 | 365,00 | 268,00 |
| 01.01.2004-31.12.2004 | 362,23 | 324,49 | 404,79 | 386,73 | 284,69 |
| 01.01.2005-31.12.2005 | 423,00 | 376,00 | 468,00 | 453,00 | 332,00 |
| 01.01.2006-31.03.2006 | 453,00 | 400,00 | 514,00 | 483,00 | 350,00 |
| 01.04.2006-30.09.2006 | 465,00 | 410,00 | 527,00 | 496,00 | 359,00 |
| 01.10.2006-31.12.2006 | 472,00 | 418,00 | 536,00 | 505,00 | 366,00 |
| 01.01.2007-31.03.2007 | 492,00 | 434,00 | 558,00 | 525,00 | 380,00 |
| 01.04.2007-30.09.2007 | 525,00 | 463,00 | 595,00 | 561,00 | 406,00 |
| 01.10.2007-31.12.2007 | 532,00 | 470,00 | 604,00 | 568,00 | 411,00 |
| 01.01.2008-31.03.2008 | 592,00 | 526,00 | 663,00 | 633,00 | 470,00 |
| 01.04.2008-30.06.2008 | 605,00 | 538,00 | 678,00 | 647,00 | 481,00 |
| 01.07.2008-30.09.2008 | 607,00 | 540,00 | 680,00 | 649,00 | 482,00 |
| 01.10.2008-31.10.2009 | 626,00 | 557,00 | 701,00 | 669,00 | 498,00 |
| 01.11.2009-31.12.2009 | 701,00 | 632,00 | 776,00 | 744,00 | 573,00 |
| 01.01.2010-31.03.2010 | 825,00 | 755,00 | 901,00 | 869,00 | 695,00 |
| 01.04.2010-30.06.2010 | 839,00 | 767,00 | 917,00 | 884,00 | 706,00 |
| 01.07.2010-30.09.2010 | 843,00 | 771,00 | 921,00 | 888,00 | 709,00 |
| 01.10.2010-30.11.2010 | 861,00 | 787,00 | 941,00 | 907,00 | 723,00 |
| 01.12.2010-31.12.2010 | 875,00 | 799,00 | 957,00 | 922,00 | 734,00 |
| 01.01.2011-31.03.2011 | 894,00 | 816,00 | 977,00 | 941,00 | 750,00 |
| 01.04.2011-30.09.2011 | 911,00 | 832,00 | 997,00 | 960,00 | 764,00 |
| 01.10.2011-30.11.2011 | 934,00 | 853,00 | 1022,00 | 985,00 | 784,00 |
| 01.12.2011- 31.12.2011 | 953,00 | 870,00 | 1042,00 | 1004,00 | 800,00 |
| 01.01.2012-31.03.2012 | 1017,00 | 893,00 | 1112,00 | 1073,00 | 822,00 |
| 01.04.2012- 30.06.2012 | 1037,00 | 911,00 | 1134,00 | 1094,00 | 838,00 |
| 01.07.2012-30.09.2012 | 1044,00 | 917,00 | 1144,00 | 1102,00 | 844,00 |
| 01.10.2012-30.11.2012 | 1060,00 | 930,00 | 1161,00 | 1118,00 | 856,00 |
| 01.12.2012-31.12.2012 | 1095,00 | 961,00 | 1197,00 | 1134,00 | 884,00 |
| 01.01.2013- 30.11.2013 | 1108,00 | 972,00 | 1210,00 | 1147,00 | 894,00 |
| 01.12.2013-31.12.2013 | 1176,00 | 1032,00 | 1286,00 | 1218,00 | 949,00 |
| 01.01.2014-31.12.2014 | 1176,00 | 1032,00 | 1286,00 | 1218,00 | 949,00 |
| 01.01.2015-31.08.2015 | 1176,00 | 1032,00 | 1286,00 | 1218,00 | 949,00 |
| 01.09.2015-31.12.2015 | 1330,00 | 1167,00 | 1455,00 | 1378,00 | 1074,00 |
| 01.01.2016-30.04.2016 | 1330,00 | 1167,00 | 1455,00 | 1378,00 | 1074,00 |
| 01.05.2016-30.11.2016 | 1399,00 | 1228,00 | 1531,00 | 1450,00 | 1130,00 |
| 01.12.2016-31.12.2016 | 1544,00 | 1355,00 | 1689,00 | 1600,00 | 1247,00 |
| 01.01.2017-30.04.2017 | 1544,00 | 1355,00 | 1689,00 | 1600,00 | 1247,00 |
| 01.05.2017-30.11.2017 | 1624,00 | 1426,00 | 1777,00 | 1684,00 | 1312,00 |
| 01.12.2017-30.06.2018 | 1700,00 | 1492,00 | 1860,00 | 1762,00 | 1373,00 |
| 01.07.2018-31.12.2018 | 1777,00 | 1559,00 | 1944,00 | 1841,00 | 1435,00 |
|
01.01.2019-30.06.2019 |
1853,00 | 1626,00 | 2027,00 | 1921,00 | 1497,00 |
| 01.07.2019-30.11.2019 | 1936,00 | 1699,00 | 2118,00 | 2007,00 | 1564,00 |
| 01.01.2020-30.06.2020 | 2027,00 | 1779,00 | 2218,00 | 2102,00 | 1638,00 |
| 01.07.2020-30.11.2020 | 2118,00 | 1859,00 | 2318,00 | 2197,00 | 1712,00 |
| from 01.12.2020 | 2189,00 | 1921,00 | 2395,00 | 2270,00 | 1769,00 |
The level of providing for the life of citizens is fundamentally different in the countries of the post-Soviet space and in the countries Western Europe. The economic growth leads to a gradual increase in social standards in most foreign countries.
The concept of a living wage in Europe is closely connected not so much with the size of the minimum allowable wages or the calculation of taxes, as with social benefits for the unemployed or assistance from the state for those who really need it. The cost of living in European countries is often defined as " consumer basket”, and in some countries coincides with the concept of the minimum wage per month.
In Ukraine, most of the items for which the consumer basket is calculated are food products, and for calculation total cost minimum prices are taken. In Europe and the USA, it is taken for calculations average level prices for high quality products.
In a number of European countries, the consumer basket includes such items of expenditure as:
The amount of the minimum necessary for a citizen of a European country or his family as a whole to provide for their needs is often not taxed, as they do, for example, in Germany. But for many citizens and families, this tax-free amount can be calculated individually, taking into account the actual family income, number of children, living conditions, insurance and other factors. A similar approach is being taken in the US.
In Poland, 2 types of minimum are used - biological (analogous to the Ukrainian subsistence minimum), which includes food and a small set of goods, and social - it already includes expenses for raising children, cultural events, recreation, transport and medical services.
What is the living wage today? European countries and the rest of the civilized world? Averaged data are presented in the table:
*minimum wage
**tax free minimum is about 8000€ per year
In Canada, as well as in the United States bordering it, economists practically do not use the concept of a living wage or a consumer basket. To get a rough idea of what you need to earn to live, use the level of minimum wage per hour of work, which varies from state to state in the US and varies by province in Canada.
As a minimum for a disabled citizen in Canada and the United States, you can take the value of the welfare rate - a monthly unemployment benefit that is sufficient to provide yourself with food, but not enough for long-term living.
Cost of living in Moscow is a value expression of the consumer basket, is determined for each region of Russia and for the Russian Federation as a whole on a quarterly basis. Separately, it is established in each region (annually).
According to Article 2. 134-FZ, the cost of living in the whole of the Russian Federation
at the federal level intended for:
at the regional level, in the subjects of the Russian Federation is intended for:
For example, a family (or a single citizen), per capita income whose income (whose income) is below the subsistence level established in the relevant subject of the Russian Federation, is considered poor (poor) and has the right to receive social support. In this case, you need to submit documents to help financially. The conditions and procedure for providing social support to low-income families (citizens) are established in accordance with the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Those. Each region has its own rules.
The procedure for calculating the average per capita income of a family (a citizen living alone) is established by federal law 44-FZ of April 5, 2003 No.
Living wage, set at the level of a subject of Russia, is intended to assess the standard of living of the population in the development and implementation of social programs. Based on this indicator, the volume of social support for low-income citizens is calculated.
Social payments to certain categories of citizens of Moscow
No. 1753-PP dated 12/17/2019 "On establishing the amount of certain social and other payments for 2020 and on amending the Decree of the Government of Moscow dated November 27, 2007 No. 1005-PP"
No. 1525-PP dated December 11, 2018 "On establishing the amount of individual social payments for 2019"
N 805-PP of October 30, 2017 "On the establishment of the amount of individual social payments for 2018"
N 816-PP of December 6, 2016 "On establishing the amount of individual social payments for 2017"
No. 828-PP dated 08.12.2015 "On establishing the amount of individual social payments for 2016"
No. 735-PP dated 09.12.2014 "On establishing the amount of individual social payments for 2015"
No. 851-PP dated December 17, 2013 "On establishing the amount of individual social payments for 2014"
The subsistence level of a pensioner in the city of Moscow in order to determine the regional social supplement to a pension
for 2020 in the amount of 12,578 rubles. Law of the City of Moscow dated October 30, 2019 No. 26 "On establishing the subsistence minimum for a pensioner in the city of Moscow in order to determine the regional social supplement to a pension for 2020"
THE GOVERNMENT OF MOSCOW
RESOLUTION dated December 17, 2019 N 1709-PP
About setting the value living wage in the city of Moscow for the III quarter of 2019 G.
| Per quarter, year | Per capita | For the working population | For pensioners | For kids | Decree |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4th quarter 2019 | Expected |
||||
| 3rd quarter 2019 | 17329 | 19797 | 12253 | 14889 | No. 1709-PP dated 12/17/2019 |
| 2nd quarter 2019 | 17679 | 20195 | 12487 | 15225 | No. 1177-PP dated 09/10/2019 |
| 1 quarter 2019 | 16957 | 19351 | 12005 | 14647 | No. 672-PP dated 06/11/2019 |
| 4th quarter 2018 | 16087 | 18376 | 11424 | 13747 | No. 181-PP dated 03/12/2019 |
| 3rd quarter 2018 | 16260 | 18580 | 11505 | 13938 | No. 1465-PP dated 04.12.2018 |
| 2nd quarter 2018 | 16463 | 18781 | 11609 | 14329 | No. 1114-PP dated 19.09.2018 |
| 1 quarter 2018 | 15786 | 17990 | 11157 | 13787 | No. 526-PP dated 06/05/2018 |
| 4th quarter 2017 | 15397 | 17560 | 10929 | 13300 | No. 176-PP dated 03/13/2018 |
| 3rd quarter 2017 | 16160 | 18453 | 11420 | 13938 | No. 952-PP dated 12/05/2017 |
| 2nd quarter 2017 | 16426 | 18742 | 11603 | 14252 | No. 663-PP dated 09/12/2017 |
| 1 quarter 2017 | 15477 | 17642 | 10695 | 13441 | No. 355-PP dated 06/13/2017 |
| 4th quarter 2016 | 15092 | 17219 | 10715 | 12989 | No. 88-PP of 03/07/2017 |
| 3rd quarter 2016 | 15307 | 17487 | 10823 | 13159 | No. 794-PP dated November 29, 2016 |
| 2nd quarter 2016 | 15382 | 17561 | 10883 | 13259 | No. 551-pp dated 09/06/2016 |
| 1 quarter 2016 | 15041 | 17130 | 10623 | 13198 | N 297-pp dated 03/31/2016 |
| 4th quarter 2015 | 14413 | 16438 | 10227 | 12437 | No. 81-PP dated 03/16/2016 |
| 3rd quarter 2015 | 15141 | 17296 | 10670 | 13080 | No. 856-pp dated 12/11/2015 |
| 2nd quarter 2015 | 15141 | 17296 | 10670 | 13080 | No. 608-PP dated 09/22/2015 |
| 1 quarter 2015 | 14300 | 16296 | 10075 | 12561 | No. 356-PP from 06/16/2015 |
| 4th quarter 2014 | 12542 | 14330 | 8915 | 10683 | 03-03-2015 № 91-PP |
| 3rd quarter 2014 | 12171 | 13919 | 8646 | 10316 | 02.12.2014 No. 713-PP |
| 2nd quarter 2014 | 12145 | 13896 | 8528 | 10443 | 08/27/2014 No. 485-PP |
| 1 quarter 2014 | 11861 | 13540 | 8374 | 10265 | 06/24/2014 No. 299-PP |
| 4th quarter 2013 | 10965 | 12452 | 7908 | 9498 | 25.02.2014 No. 81-PP |
| 3rd quarter 2013 | 10632 | 11913 | 7937 | 9477 | 11/26/2013 No. 754-PP |
| 2nd quarter 2013 | 10874 | 12169 | 8087 | 9828 | 10.10.2013 No. 668-PP |
| 1 quarter 2013 | 9850 | 11249 | 6918 | 8559 | 06/19/2013 No. 392-PP |
| ADDITIONAL RELATED LINKS |
THE GOVERNMENT OF MOSCOW
RESOLUTION of September 10, 2019 N 1177-PP
On the establishment of the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the II quarter of 2019
In accordance with the Law of the city of Moscow dated May 15, 2002 N 23 "On the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow", the Moscow Government decides:
1. Set the cost of living in the city of Moscow for the II quarter of 2019:
- per capita - 17679 rubles;
- for the able-bodied population - 20195 rubles;
- for pensioners - 12487 rubles;
- for children - 15225 rubles.
THE GOVERNMENT OF MOSCOW
RESOLUTION dated June 11, 2019 N 672-PP
On the establishment of the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the first quarter of 2019
In accordance with the Law of the city of Moscow dated May 15, 2002 N 23 "On the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow", the Moscow Government decides:
1. Set the cost of living in the city of Moscow for the first quarter of 2019:
- per capita - 16957 rubles;
- for the able-bodied population - 19351 rubles;
- for pensioners - 12005 rubles;
- for children - 14647 rubles.
THE GOVERNMENT OF MOSCOW
RESOLUTION dated March 12, 2019 N 181-PP
On the establishment of the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the IV quarter of 2018
In accordance with the Law of the city of Moscow dated May 15, 2002 N 23 "On the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow", the Moscow Government decides:
1. Set the cost of living in the city of Moscow for the IV quarter of 2018:
- per capita - 16,087 rubles;
- for the able-bodied population - 18376 rubles;
- for pensioners - 11424 rubles;
- for children - 13747 rubles.
THE GOVERNMENT OF MOSCOW
RESOLUTION dated December 4, 2018 N 1465-PP
On the establishment of the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the III quarter of 2018
In accordance with the Law of the city of Moscow dated May 15, 2002 N 23 "On the subsistence level in the city of Moscow" the Moscow Government decides:
1. Set the cost of living in the city of Moscow for the III quarter of 2018:
- per capita - 16,260 rubles;
- for the able-bodied population - 18580 rubles;
- for pensioners - 11505 rubles;
- for children - 13938 rubles.
2. Establish that before establishing the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the fourth quarter of 2018, in order to make social payments, the appointment (provision) of which takes into account the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow, and (or) social payments, the amount of which depends on the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow, determining the terms of payment for the provision of social services, the provision of free legal assistance within state system free legal aid in the city of Moscow, the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the II quarter of 2018 is applied.
THE GOVERNMENT OF MOSCOW
- for children - 14329 rubles.
THE GOVERNMENT OF MOSCOW
RESOLUTION of September 19, 2018 N 1114-PP
On the establishment of the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the II quarter of 2018
In accordance with the Law of the city of Moscow dated May 15, 2002 N 23 "0 subsistence level in the city of Moscow" the Moscow Government decides:
1. Set the cost of living in the city of Moscow for the II quarter of 2018:
- per capita - 16463 rubles;
- for the able-bodied population - 18781 rubles;
- for pensioners -11609 rubles;
- for children - 14329 rubles.
THE GOVERNMENT OF MOSCOW
RESOLUTION dated June 5, 2018 N 526-PP
06 setting the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the 1st quarter of 2018
In accordance with the Law of the city of Moscow dated May 15, 2002 N 23 "0 subsistence level in the city of Moscow" the Moscow Government decides:
1. Set the cost of living in the city of Moscow for the first quarter of 2018:
- per capita - 15,786 rubles;
- for the able-bodied population - 17,990 rubles;
- for pensioners - 11157 rubles;
- for children - 13787 rubles.
THE GOVERNMENT OF MOSCOW
RESOLUTION dated March 13, 2017 N 176-PP
On the establishment of the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the IV quarter of 2017
In accordance with the Law of the city of Moscow dated May 15, 2002 N 23 "On the subsistence level in the city of Moscow"
The Moscow government decides:
1. Set the cost of living in the city of Moscow for the IV quarter of 2017:
- per capita - 15397 rubles;
- for the able-bodied population - 17560 rubles;
- for pensioners - 10929 rubles;
- for children - 13300 rubles.
2. Establish that before establishing the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the first quarter of 2018, in order to make social payments, the appointment (provision) of which takes into account the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow, and (or) social payments, the amount of which depends on the cost of living in the city of Moscow, determining the conditions for payment for the provision of social services, the provision of free legal assistance within the framework of the state system of free legal assistance in the city of Moscow, the value of the cost of living in the city of Moscow for the II quarter of 2017 is applied.
MOSCOW GOVERNMENT DECISION No. 952-PP of December 5, 2017
On the establishment of the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the III quarter of 2017
In accordance with the Law of the city of Moscow dated May 15, 2002 N 23 "On the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow", the Moscow Government decides:
1. Set the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the III quarter of 2017:
- per capita - 16,160 rubles;
- for the able-bodied population - 18453 rubles;
- for pensioners - 11420 rubles;
- for children - 13938 rubles.
THE GOVERNMENT OF MOSCOW
RESOLUTION dated September 12, 2017 No. 663-PP
On the establishment of the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the II quarter of 2017
In accordance with the Law of the city of Moscow dated May 15, 2002 No. 23 "On the subsistence level in the city of Moscow", the Moscow Government decides:
1. Set the cost of living in the city of Moscow for the II quarter of 2017:
- per capita - 16426 rubles;
- for the able-bodied population - 18742 rubles;
- for pensioners - 11603 rubles;
- for children - 14252 rubles.
THE GOVERNMENT OF MOSCOW
RESOLUTION dated June 13, 2017 N 355-PP
On the establishment of the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the 1st quarter of 2017
In accordance with the Law of the city of Moscow dated May 15, 2002 N 23 "On the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow", the Moscow Government decides:
1. Set the cost of living in the city of Moscow for the first quarter of 2017:
- per capita - 15477 rubles;
- for the able-bodied population - 17642 rubles;
- for pensioners - 10965 rubles;
- for children - 13441 rubles.
2. Control over the implementation of this resolution shall be entrusted to the Deputy Mayor of Moscow in the Government of Moscow on social development Pechatnikova L.M.
Every quarter, regional governments set a living wage for the main socio-demographic groups of the population: children, pensioners, able-bodied citizens. In addition, a separate indicator is set for the year for pensioners in order to make social supplements, if the income of a citizen is less than this level. The city authorities approved the relevant indicators.
In the article we will tell you how these indicators are formed, how their value is related to the level of the minimum wage, what determines the size of the minimum pension, and also exactly what the living wage is set in Moscow in 2020 from January 1.
The minimum subsistence level is a conditional value, which is the monthly monetary maintenance of a person, capable of providing him with a certain standard of living in modern economic conditions.
The value of this indicator, according to federal law No. 134-FZ of October 24, 1997, revised every quarter, the calculation must be made no later than the next three months. The law obliges the authorities of the subjects to take into account the peculiarities of the region and the interests local population. The cost of living in Moscow and other cities is determined for three categories of citizens:
Based on the figures for each group, an average value is calculated - per capita.
This indicator is used to assess the level of well-being of citizens, approve the size of the minimum wage, and when planning budget payments to students, the poor, and pensioners.
So, on the basis of the law of the city of Moscow No. 23 of May 15, 2002, the subsistence minimum is applied when providing such social benefits:
The average per capita living wage in Moscow in 2020, from January 1, is 17,329 rubles. This value is enshrined in the Decree of the Government of Moscow of December 17, 2019 N 1709-PP.
The lower limit of expenses for the considered categories of citizens for the 3rd quarter of 2019:
Each region separately determines the living wage for a pensioner for a particular year. Residents of the region who receive a pension below this amount are entitled to a regional supplement.
Law of the City of Moscow dated October 30, 2019 N 26 “On establishing the subsistence minimum for a pensioner in the city of Moscow in order to determine the regional social supplement for pensions for 2020” establishes the subsistence minimum for a pensioner in Moscow in 2020 - from January 1, its value will be 12 578 rubles. Compared to 2019, the increase in the PM of a pensioner amounted to 463 rubles. Last year, the PM of a pensioner increased by only 299 rubles compared to 2018.
Thus, from January 1, for pensioners living in the city for less than 10 years, the amount of the cash allowance is determined relative to the above minimum (12,578 rubles).
As for Moscow pensioners who have been registered and have lived in the capital for more than 10 years, their minimum pension, including allowances, in 2020 is 19,500 rubles. It was raised a year ago by 3,000 rubles at once, and since September 1, it has increased by another 2,000 rubles, as the mayor of the capital separately notified the townspeople.
The size of the subsistence minimum in the capital is determined based on the amount of food necessary for the daily use of items and services listed in the city law No. 32 of 06/19/2013 on the consumer basket.
The basket structure includes three components:
The composition of the consumer basket is reviewed at least once every five years. Since the last correction took place in June 2013, the next revision should have been made no later than the first summer month of 2018. On June 6, 2018, the law was amended, according to which its validity was extended until June 30, 2021 inclusive.
The subjects of the Russian Federation are empowered to establish a regional minimum wage. In Moscow, the minimum wage is tied to the cost of the consumer basket: with an increase in the subsistence minimum for the able-bodied population, an increase in the minimum wage follows. There are no changes in the downward direction.
As in other subjects, the decision on the size of the minimum wage is made by representatives of all interested parties:
The city has a Moscow trilateral agreement for 2019-2021 dated September 19, 2018. According to its norms, the minimum wage is equal to the subsistence minimum for able-bodied citizens, that is, 20,195 rubles. This value has been preserved since the second quarter of 2019 (the PM of able-bodied citizens for the 2nd quarter in the capital amounted to 20,195 rubles), since the minimum wage cannot be reduced.
Social support of the population is an important task for both federal and regional authorities.
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But it is impossible to simply pay all benefits, compensations, etc. to all applicants. It is for this reason that criteria have been created for people to be classified as low-income and eligible for most benefits and benefits.
One of the most important indicators in this matter is the cost of living. But not everyone knows its meaning and the order of definition.
The cost of living (PM) is a conditional value, which is established with the help of the relevant legislative act at the federal and regional levels.
It is an indicator of the amount a person needs to maintain a certain standard of living (very modest).
Traditionally, the cost of living for a Muscovite is somewhat higher than in most other subjects of the federation.
The only exceptions are regions with too severe climatic conditions.
This is due to the somewhat higher expenses of the residents of the capital "for life", as well as the social policy of the city itself, and the need to maintain certain standards.The value of the subsistence minimum is used when assigning various social payments.
It is when comparing family income with it that it is determined whether it is poor or not.
Many benefits, compensations and other types of social assistance are available only to families whose incomes are officially recognized as low, and they are classified as low-income.
| Children's | This living wage is set for all children under 18 at the same level. Such an average approach often causes a lot of criticism from parents, because the cost of maintaining a child and providing him with a normal standard of living, depending on his age, can vary significantly. But PM, in principle, is a very conditional indicator, and so far the state authorities adhere to the previous methodology for dividing it into categories and determining |
| For the working population | This figure is the highest of all. It is set for all residents who have not yet reached retirement age. |
| For pensioners | The lowest living wage. Established for people who have already reached retirement age. A lot of criticism is caused by the fact that the state, for some reason, believes that pensioners need much less of everything. |
| Per capita | Average score. In fact, it is obtained by dividing the subsistence minimum for children, for pensioners and able-bodied citizens by 3. It is most often used when calculating social benefits |
Important! From 2020, the minimum wage in the region cannot be less than the federal subsistence level.
The value is calculated every quarter based on the data received by Rosstat for the corresponding period.
This takes into account average cost food products necessary for normal human life, as well as the following categories of expenses:
| Various services | First of all, this includes the cost of housing and communal services, as well as the expenses for public transport. Additionally, this category includes other types of services, for example, visiting cultural events. But their share in the total amount is very small, even with an increased subsistence minimum in Moscow |
| Essentials | A person cannot live on food alone. Therefore, when calculating the subsistence minimum, the consumer basket also includes the minimum set of non-food items. This list includes hygiene products, minimum sets of clothing and other types of similar products. This also applies to medicines. |
Although the situation in the country and in the world has changed significantly when calculating the subsistence minimum, for some reason at least some expenses for communication services are still not taken into account.
A lot of criticism is caused by the calculation of the cost of services included in the subsistence minimum.
After all, the percentage of spending on a communal apartment, etc. is estimated not by the real expenses of the population, but only as a percentage of the food basket.
In reality, often the included amount will be completely insufficient for these payments.
But if the income per person exceeds the PM, then you won’t have to count on benefits even for a communal apartment.
The cost of living is not constant. It changes in the same way as prices for basic goods and services. Moreover, PM can just as well not only increase, but also decrease.
Every quarter, the PM for all categories of the population is established in the capital by a Decree of the Government of Moscow. It indicates the value of the subsistence minimum based on the results of the last quarter.
Comment. According to the norms approved in the legislation, the city authorities must adopt the Decree on the level of the living wage within 3 months after the end of the quarter. For example, for the II quarter of 2020, it will be approved only until the end of July 2020.
We give in the table visual information on the change in the level of the subsistence minimum in the capital over the past 5 quarters:
| Living wage | I sq. 2020 | IV quarter. 2017 | III quarter. 2017 | II quarter. 2017 | I sq. 2017 |
| Per capita | 15786 | 15397 | 16160 | 16426 | 15477 |
| For working residents | 17990 | 17560 | 18453 | 18742 | 17642 |
| Children's | 13787 | 13300 | 13938 | 14252 | 13441 |
| For pensioners | 11157 | 10929 | 11420 | 11603 | 10695 |
The above table clearly shows that fluctuations in the subsistence minimum are very significant.
Sometimes, literally because of 1-10 rubles, you can lose the prescribed benefits, which saved more than one thousand.
Alas, a more equitable scheme for assigning benefits is currently not provided.
Most federal child benefits are paid regardless of the income of the recipients.
And the benefit for caring for a child up to 1.5 years will be more for those citizens who earn more.
Regional allowances and compensations in Moscow differ significantly in this respect. They are more targeted and often only available to low-income families.
Usually, to determine the possibility or impossibility of receiving benefits, the income of all family members is considered, divided by the number of people in it and compared with the subsistence level per capita. Comparison with the level of a child is rarely used.
Pensioners are one of the most socially vulnerable groups of the population. Pension rates often leave much to be desired.
It is for this reason that all regions pay extra to the level of the subsistence minimum for a pensioner if the pension assigned to him by the state turned out to be lower. Moscow is no exception in this situation.Additionally, the capital has a special program to increase pensions for residents of the capital.
If a pensioner lives in Moscow for 10 years or more, then he will be paid extra up to a pension of 17,500 rubles.
Although the per capita indicator is an average of other subsistence levels (for children, for pensioners and workers), it is the most important of them all.
Usually, it is on this basis that the possibility of assigning benefits is determined. This approach is explained by the fact that in a family there are usually representatives of different categories of the population (workers, children, etc.).
The number of products, on the basis of which the subsistence minimum is calculated, has very little in common with modern living conditions.
It is believed that able-bodied Muscovites should eat about 0.3 kg of potatoes per day, about the same amount of vegetables and bread, and also drink about 0.8 liters of milk, but only 160 g of meat is supposed, and even less fish - 50 g For pensioners, all norms are much lower.
The situation with non-food items is no better. Muscovites are offered 2 sets of bed linen and 3 units of stationery per year. But shoes are calculated differently.
It is assumed that 6 pairs of shoes will be enough for 3.5 years. With outerwear, too, not everything goes smoothly for 7 years, only 3 items are required.
Directly online calculator the living wage is not offered on the official websites. But it is easy to calculate it yourself by simply adding up the PM for each family member.
But on the Internet you can find quite easily various benefit calculators. With their help, you can calculate the approximate amount of the required subsidy.
The current value is established by the Order of the Ministry of Labor of August 24, 2018 No. 550n "On the establishment of the subsistence minimum per capita and for the main socio-demographic groups of the population as a whole in the Russian Federation for the 2nd quarter of 2018":
For children - 10 390 rubles.
Per capita - 10,444 rubles;
For the able-bodied population - 11,280 rubles;
For pensioners - 8 583 rubles.
This indicator determines the size of the monthly social allowance for children, which is paid to low-income families whose average per capita income does not exceed the subsistence level.
When the subsistence minimum is changed, the amount of the benefit is recalculated automatically.
If the amount of alimony is set by the court not as a percentage of wages, but as a fixed amount of money, a multiple of the child's subsistence minimum, then according to the law they must be regularly recalculated in accordance with the increase or decrease in this indicator.
Indirectly, the value of this indicator also affects the very amount of alimony ordered by the court, since the subsistence level is taken into account by the judge when considering the issue.
It is not uncommon to hear that the figures for living wages set by the government are grossly underestimated, and that the "minimum consumer basket" is actually much heavier. Recently, with the participation of Avito, an "independent" calculation of parental expenses for filling the "children's basket" was carried out. Indeed, experts have found that children are much more expensive.
So, in February 2018, the average values of indicators for 22 largest cities in Russia amounted to:
For newborn girls: 28.9 thousand rubles.
- For newborn boys: 28.8 thousand rubles.
- For girls of preschool age: 25.1 thousand rubles.
- For boys of preschool age: 25 thousand rubles.
- For girls of school age: 17 thousand rubles.
- For boys of school age: 16.9 thousand rubles.
As expected, most parents have to spend money on their children in Moscow:
For a newborn: 38.5 thousand rubles.
- For a child of preschool age: 32.7 thousand rubles.
- For a preschool child: 22.3 thousand rubles.
The living wage is set by the Government of the Russian Federation (all-Russian value) and the regional governments of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (its own for each region) at the end of each quarter based on numerous statistical data.
Separately defined total amount(per capita) and values for three population groups: able-bodied, pensioners and children.
If for some reason the indicator is not calculated by the regional government, then the all-Russian value will be used to calculate the amount of benefits and indexation of alimony in a fixed amount.
Established by Decree of the Government of Moscow dated September 19, 2018 No. 1114-PP "On the establishment of the subsistence minimum in the city of Moscow for the II quarter of 2018.
For children - 13 300 rubles.
Per capita - 16,463 rubles;
For the able-bodied population - 18,781 rubles;
For pensioners - 11,609 rubles.
Established by Decree of the Government of St. Petersburg No. 930 dated December 11, 2018 (for the III quarter of 2018):
For children - 10 754 rubles. 60 kop.
Per capita - 11,021 rubles. 30 kopecks;
For the able-bodied population - 12,079 rubles. 50 kopecks;
For pensioners - 8 954 rubles. 10 kop.
The current values of subsistence minimums in the regions of the Russian Federation can be found in the legal documents of regional governments.
