Whether life is good or bad in Belarus is an eternal question that torments many. A lot of people are discussing Lukashenka's policy, others are convinced that the head of the country is doing the right thing. Topical issue is the salary in Belarus, average level life, prices in this country. Let's take a closer look at these features.
The relevance of paying wages in Belarus is argued for by many Russians by the law "On the Union State". Citizens of the Russian Federation can work in Belarus, and Belarusians can work in Russia without resorting to obtaining additional permits. A considerable number of Russian residents moved to Belarus for permanent place residence or temporary employment.
The payment of wages into the hands of people depends on the efficiency of the economy of the country in question. In particular, this applies to Belarus. Under the Soviet Union, the republic was considered agrarian, with a strong industrial base. Decades have passed, but the republic maintains the level of industrial development, is distinguished by high-quality metal processing, and the engineering industry.
Variable wage payments in the republic. What is in Belarus is influenced by two indicators:
Some regions additionally receive funds from the budget to help people live normally. In 2018, the country's economy is undergoing not the best changes. The advantage is in the growth of average wages, the disadvantage is in the emergence of unemployment, rising prices. Inflation plays a role, given that the country is now in 14th place in the overall ranking of countries for this indicator.
Some areas receive funds to help them live normally
The Agreement on the Union States has not yet allowed the introduction of one currency in two countries - Russia and Belarus, they have not been united. The Belarusian ruble is equal to approximately 30 Russian rubles. Many sources provide data based on Belarusian rubles, and not Russian, which is important during the calculations. The level of salaries in Belarus is very different, depending on several factors.
Statistical data were considered to obtain information. High payments this year were noted in Soligorsk district, Minsk region. There, the average salary of one resident is approximately 1,200 Belarusian rubles. The same figure in Minsk is 1100 rubles. The minimum payment in the Vitebsk region is 450 rubles. The difference is justified by the activities of the region. Industry is developed in Minsk, potash salt is being produced in Soligorsk. Vitebsk is an agricultural region.
The statistic speaks of the average wages in Belarus, which stopped at an indicator of 733 Belarusian rubles. The indicator is very different from the region where the person lives. Detailed information can be found in the table. Translating salaries into Russian rubles, the actual amount is 23,000 rubles.
The role is played by the industry where the person is employed. Demanded directions in Belarus this year are trade, engineering, programming, pedagogy, medicine.
Salaries in Belarus directly depend on the chosen profession The relevance of the direction does not mean getting huge money for working in it. High salaries are noted for programmers and managers - up to 2,500 Belarusian rubles. Teachers receive approximately 540 rubles, and doctors - 615.
Retirees can count on certain payments after receiving seniority. There are two payment options:
The main task of the country's government is to bring the minimum wage to the amount of $ 500 per month for a working person. Achieving this goal is set for December this year. Attempts by the country's leadership to obtain the necessary indicators are based on:
The advantage is the constant growth of wages in the Republic. Within 10 years, payments have actually increased 13 times.
Belarus is an attractive place for many people to live, allowing them to guarantee a decent level of wages. The existing problems in the economy are not a global reason for refusing to move to the republic. Decent earnings in common areas are relevant here.
As mentioned above, the work of a doctor is relevant and prestigious. The profession is in demand, the shortage of doctors is growing, the salary in the industry is not increasing. Average payments to an employee per month are 900 Belarusian rubles. Medical staff has 670 rubles, junior medical staff - 500 rubles.
The job of a doctor is the most demanded in Belarus Payouts medical workers based on several indicators:
This includes teachers. Their payments depend on the region of residence. The highest payout in the capital is 367 rubles. Salaries in nurseries and kindergartens are low. Maximum payout- 300 rubles.
Payments to the military of Belarus in comparison with the Russian Federation are actually 5 times less. Lieutenant's payments start from 725,000 Belarusian rubles, the head of the ministry's department receives 4.6 million rubles. The current year assumes an increase in the salaries of the military, an increase is only expected.
It is possible to talk about the benefits of living in the country, starting not only from salary payments. A lot of parallel factors play a role. Communal payments, cost , food, running costs have a considerable impact. Let's examine the indicators in order.
Low wages in Belarus are justified by affordable prices in comparison with the Russian Federation for products, services, real estate, utility costs. Despite the proximity of the two countries - Russian Federation and Belarus, the standard of living in them differs markedly.
Renting an apartment in Belarus is two times cheaper than in Russia There is a difference in the mentality of people, their attitude towards each other, and so on. Over the past decades, the republic has been and remains a place where a lot of Russians move for permanent residence, work.
The average salary in Belarus in 2019 is of interest not only to Belarusians themselves, but also to residents of Russia. The fact is that, according to the legislation on the Union State, citizens of both countries can work for each other without obtaining additional permits - and therefore a considerable number of Russians move to Belarus and work there. Let's see what they can count on by finding a job in this country.
The amount of salary depends largely on how efficiently the country's economy works. With regard to Belarus, this is quite true. During the times of the USSR, this republic, although it was largely agrarian, at the same time had a fairly powerful industrial base. Despite the events that have taken place over two and a half decades, by 2019 Belarus still retains a developed industry, especially mechanical engineering and metal processing.
However, it should be borne in mind that in Belarus the salary varies greatly, depending on:
The Belarusian state allocates additional funds for certain areas, but in general it should be noted that Belarusian economy going through hard times in 2019. There is a trend towards an increase in average wages - but at the same time, an increase in unemployment is also possible. Inflation also has a certain influence - according to it, Belarus is now in 14th place in the world ranking of states.
In addition, despite the agreements on the Union State, Russia and Belarus have not yet united their currencies. Therefore, although the currency of the neighboring country is also called the ruble, the local ruble is, on average, (as of the summer of 2019) 30-31 Russian. That is why in the future, when speaking about the size of the salary or salary of a Belarusian, it will always be indicated which rubles are in question. In some cases, for convenience, the amount will be indicated in US dollars, since the rate of this currency is known throughout the world.
According to Belarusian statistics, the highest average wage in the region was achieved in 2019 in the Soligorsk district of the Minsk region. There, the average salary is 1,208 Belarusian rubles. Even Minsk itself is a little behind - there are only 1,103 rubles.
On the contrary, Belarusians earn the least in the Sharkovshchina district of the Vitebsk region. It recorded an average salary of only 446 rubles. This disproportion is explained by the fact that Minsk and the Minsk region are the region where the majority of large industrial enterprises, and Soligorsk, in addition, is a center for the extraction of potash salt. Vitebsk region is predominantly agricultural.
In general, in the country, the average salary of a worker in Belarus in 2019 is about 795.20 Belarusian rubles, or about 23 thousand Russian rubles.
However, the demand does not mean that in each of these areas the salaries are maximum. The salaries of financial managers and programmers are indeed high (1,481 and 2,460 Belarusian rubles, respectively), but teachers can count on only 538 rubles, and in healthcare - only 615 rubles.
For comparison, here are the average salaries in some other areas of activity:
As in Russia, in Belarus there is a minimum amount of the amount that the employer is obliged to pay to his employee. As of June 2019, it is 265 local rubles. The value was set in January and has not changed since then.
However, in addition to the local analogue of the minimum wage, there is also such a value as living wage. This value is set by the government and shows how much money is needed, in fact, to guarantee the survival of a citizen. As of June 2019, the budget for this minimum in Belarus is 183.82 local rubles.
In conclusion, we should mention what pensioners in this country can expect. Belarus has:
The retirement age of our neighbors is:
For some citizens engaged in a profession with special conditions, the age can be reduced. This applies to the military, employed in aviation, teachers, athletes, etc.
The amount of the pension depends on how much the citizen paid to the Pension Fund. Minimum size at present, it is approximately equal to 5,500 Russian rubles.
Recently, the authorities of Belarus have set themselves the task of bringing the average wage to 500 US dollars per person per month.
The execution of this program is scheduled for December 2019. Since the plans were officially announced, the country's leadership will try to:
However, as of July 2019, the plans are still far from being fulfilled. In particular, the media note that for the remaining 7 months, an increase of at least $74 is required.
Important! However, over the past 10 years, the overall average wage has consistently shown an upward trend. From May 2007 to May 2019, it grew by almost 13 times.
Thus, for a simple worker, Belarus is a rather attractive place where you can provide yourself at a decent level due to your work. There are certain problems in the economy, but they are not serious enough to seriously interfere with decent earnings.
01:07 28.02.2017
Average monthly accrued wages in Belarusin 2016 amounted to $ 364 in equivalent (as the average value of $-equivalents of monthly salaries at the rate of the last in the month). This is the 4th place in the CIS: in Russia, Kazakhstan and Armenia, the average salary in dollars in 2016 was higher.
In 2015, Belarus was also 4th, but it was not Armenia, as in 2016, that ranked higher, but Azerbaijan. But in 2014 and earlier, Belarus had the 3rd place after Russia and Kazakhstan. The 1st place in the “average annual salary rating” was almost always occupied by Russia, and only in calendar 2015 it was the second, and the first was Kazakhstan.
The size of the average annual monthly salary in dollar terms in the CIS countries in 2013-16 is shown in the diagram.
The growth of the average annual monthly salary in 2016 compared to 2015 was noted in Ukraine (+11.5%), Moldova (+4.6%), Kyrgyzstan (+2.7%), Armenia (+1.2 %) and Russia (+0.5%). Decrease - in Kazakhstan (-30.2%), Azerbaijan (-29.6%), Belarus (-13.0%) and Tajikistan (-11.0%).
Historically record average monthly salary in $-equivalent: $413 in Armenia, $592 in Belarus, $716 in Kazakhstan, $236 in Kyrgyzstan, $298 in Moldova, $942 in Russia, $173 in Tajikistan, $402 in Ukraine. All highs were recorded in 2013-14, after which they began to decline (and in some places rapidly) due to the fall of national currencies against the dollar.
The most rapid drop in wages in dollars since 2013 was in Ukraine and Russia, since 2014 - in Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan and Belarus. This is clearly seen on the graphics in Lg-format. In Moldova and Kyrgyzstan, the relative decline is not so significant, and in Armenia it is hardly noticeable at all.
The largest drop in the $-equivalent of the average wage in absolute terms since 2013, the last "quiet" year in the region, with then still high oil prices, was in Russia: it decreased by almost $400.
But the relative, in percentage terms, the strongest decline in the $-equivalent is in Ukraine, more than half: against the backdrop of well-known events that caused a massive withdrawal of the currency from banking system and "flight to the dollar", the physical contraction of the economy and foreign trade, there was a strong weakening national currency, which significantly reduced the $-equivalent of salaries.
In the oil and gas-producing Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Russia, the relative drop in the $-equivalent of wages is also significant - more than 40%. This is the result of the global drop in oil prices in 2014-16.
Kyrgyzstan, Moldova and Tajikistan were less affected by the crisis, and in Armenia the average monthly salary in 2016 is even higher than in 2013.
The average annual salary is now less, in dollars, than in 2007, only in Ukraine and Kazakhstan. And the largest growth by 2007 is in Tajikistan, which is explained by a very low comparative base: 9 years ago they were scanty there.
The most rapid drop in the $-equivalent of the average annual salary is now in Azerbaijan, which was most affected by the fall in oil prices, which caused the devaluation of the previously most stable currency in the region - the manat.
The record annual average in dollar terms for a calendar year was in 2013 and 2014. In 2016, it fell almost to the level of 2009.
The long-term comparative dynamics of the average annual monthly salary of the calendar year of Belarus, Russia and Ukraine is shown in the diagram.
Historically, the maximum monthly salary in Belarus was recorded in July 2014 - $626 at the exchange rate at the last BCSE auction of that month. But after 1.5 years, the $-equivalent fell to $308 (February 2016, the "bottom" of the current crisis) - below the "bottom" of 2009 ($317 in February of that year), the lowest value since mid-2007, not counting the period of the Belarusian monetary and financial crisis of 2011 (then there were several months with an average salary of less than $300 in equivalent).
In 2016, starting from March, wages in Belarus began to noticeably increase in dollars, due, among other things, to the strengthening of the Br-ruble, and in December they reached $409, a 1.5-year high. The last value, January 2017, of the $-equivalent of salaries is $372 (at the rate of the last BVSE trading in January), $37 less: the January fall is a traditional seasonal factor.
December is traditionally the most "salary" month of the year: in many countries, the average salary has risen sharply this month. Especially strong in Russia, where growth in dollars was further enhanced by the revaluation of the Rr-ruble. As a result, the $-equivalent reached a 1.5-year level, up $220 and 39.8% since November. A large percentage increase in the $-equivalent of the average salary in December relative to November was also noted in Kyrgyzstan and Armenia.
Over the past 3 years, December wages have decreased in dollars in all CIS countries, but the largest absolute drop (December 2016 to December 2013) was in Russia (by $438) and Kazakhstan (by $435). In Azerbaijan - for $287, in Belarus - for $206, in Ukraine - also for $206. In Armenia and Tajikistan, the absolute drop in the $-equivalent of the December salary amounted to $43 each, in Moldova - $27, in Kyrgyzstan - $25.
Relative, in percentage terms, the largest drop in the $-equivalent of the December salary for 3 crisis years (December 2016 to December 2013) - in Kazakhstan (-49%), Azerbaijan (-48%) and Ukraine (-47%). In Russia - by 36%, in Belarus - by 33%, in Tajikistan - by 22%. The smallest percentage drop is in Armenia (-9%), Moldova and Kyrgyzstan (-8% each).
In 2017, Belarus will "fight" for 3rd place in the CIS with Armenia, and most likely, 3rd place for Belarus will be in a few months. This will be facilitated by the stability of the Br-ruble and the need to reach the $500th salary by the end of the year.
Text: Maxim SEREDA, photo: Vladimir STATKEVICH
Belarus is very different from Russia, despite the fact that it is itself a close "neighbor" and all the people living in it speak Russian. And the situation is different - the surrounding cleanliness catches the eye. And how is it in financial terms? The average, as in Russia, differs by industry. But it can hardly be called satisfactory, since only 15.7% of the population of the state are satisfied with their prosperity. However, first things first.
Today, the average salary in Belarus is approximately 6,000,000 local rubles. This is a little less than 20,000 rubles. in Russian currency. But this, of course, is data that is valid until the 2016 denomination. Now one is equal to 33.1 Russian. So, according to new data, the average salary in Belarus is ~600 BYN. And now, for convenience, it is worth giving everything as an example at the rate that is valid after the denomination.
Most high performance salaries are fixed in the city of Fanipol. They earn an average of about 1,460 BYN (48,000 rubles). Pruzhany is not far behind - in this city the figures are 1,350 BYN (45,000 rubles).
And, of course, we must not forget about Minsk - the capital of the state. If you believe the latest data from the National Statistical Committee, then the average salary here is 1,115 BYN (37,000 rubles). That is $580 per month. This was approximately the average salary in Belarus in 2015. In 2017, it will be possible to compare with the figures for 2016.
According to the same statistics of the National Committee, civil aviation pilots are paid the most. Their average salary in Belarus is 1,435 BYN (48,000 rubles). The committee immediately refers to the information provided by Belavia. It is alleged that with allowances, surcharges and bonuses, the flight crew receives about 230-260 thousand Russian rubles!
Employees of enterprises producing coke (petroleum products, coal products, etc.) receive approximately 1,245 BYN (about 42,000 rubles). It is worth noting that the work of these specialists is unsafe, and the level of payment in this regard leaves much to be desired.
Well, a kind of TOP-3 profitable professions was named above. Now you can move on to the middle class.
It includes employees working in the financial sector. Their average salaries in Belarus are 1,030 BYN. This is about 35,000 rubles, in principle, everything is the same as in Russia. The same goes for workers in the chemical industry.
Following are people working in the field of engineering and architecture. Their average salaries in Belarus are about 970 BYN. This is about 32,000 rubles.
Media specialists receive less. They are paid about 910 BYN per month (~30,000 rubles). The same salary is noted for people associated with the mining industry. And the employees of enterprises producing office equipment.
An amount of 800-890 BYN (~27-29 tr.) is received monthly by specialists who work in the field of scientific development and research, as well as people associated with mining (with the exception of fuel and energy). Workers in the construction and publishing sectors can count on the same salary.
People working in the trade, repair, insurance, real estate and service industries Vehicle get about the same. As well as employees of the Russian Railways. The basic average salary in the Republic of Belarus for all the above specialists is practically the same.
Considering that on January 1 of this year, 2016, the minimum salary of 250 BYN (about 8,300 rubles) was set in this state, then all the indicators are not so bad.
Finally, I would like to talk about the five lowest paid areas. Animal husbandry - workers in this industry are paid an average of 480 BYN per month (15,900 rubles). Next comes the sphere of water transport - 470 BYN (15,550 rubles). The third place in this list is occupied by creative activity and everything related to entertainment. Its employees receive an average of 450 BYN (14,900 rubles). In second place is the social services industry. The salary of people associated with this activity is 410 BYN (13,580 rubles). And finally, the first place is occupied by the activities of archives, museums, libraries and other cultural places. Employees working in this area receive about 400 BYN (13,300 rubles).
As you can see, the income level of the inhabitants of the neighboring state is as low as ours. So it remains for them to wish for improvement economic condition and, consequently, wage increases.
In December 2016, compared to the same period in 2015, dollar wages increased in Russia and Ukraine. In Belarus, they remained practically unchanged. What is happening in the labor market in the three countries, what to expect in 2017 - comments our economic observer Dmitry Ivanovich.
In December 2016, wages in Belarus amounted to 801.6 Belarusian rubles ($408.3). Compared to December 2015, they increased by only $1.2.
In Russia, salaries increased by $ 142 over the year. In Ukraine, in December last year, compared to December the year before, average earnings increased by $24.
Dynamics of wages in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine in 2015–2016, in $
Thus, in December 2016, wages in Russia were 1.87 times higher than wages in Belarus. And 3.1 times - wages in Ukraine.
At the end of 2016, average wages in Belarus were 65% higher than in Ukraine.
Dynamics of wages in Belarus and Ukraine in 2015-2016, in % to average monthly salary in Russia
Here are the salaries in the regions at the end of last year in three countries:
Average salary in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine in December 2016, in $
Belarus the only one of the three countries in which in December last year in some regions wages in dollar terms did not increase compared to December 2015.
The level of wages in Belarus is guided by the Russian one. However, attempts to overcome the bar of 80% of wages in Russia ended in our country:
Until the recovery of the Ukrainian economy, the Belarusian labor market was of interest to specialists from this country. However, in the past year, interest in Belarusian market labor has dropped significantly. The number of migration influx of Ukrainian citizens is decreasing:
Of the three countries, Belarus is characterized by the lowest level of bonus payments at the end of the year - within 10-15% of the salary in November 2016.
Russia the only one of the three countries in which the exchange rate of the national currency has strengthened. This has had a large positive impact on wages in dollar terms. As a result, in Russian rubles wages increased by 9.6%, in dollars - by 22.8%.
Wage growth took place against the backdrop of neutral dynamics in the economy.
Salaries in December 2016 in all Russian regions exceeded $400:
Russia is characterized by the highest level of bonus payments at the end of the year - on average, December salaries are 30% higher than November ones.
Ukraine is the only one of three countries that has significantly reduced its tax burden on payroll over the past two years:
Reduction tax burden could have had a significant impact on wage growth. However, employers kept most of the savings for themselves and reduced their costs. According to various estimates, 40% of payers social contribution declare minimum wage. Every second worker in the country receives a salary in an envelope. For these reasons, the real level of wages in Ukraine differs significantly from the Ukrstat data.
In the regional context, dollar wages increased in all regions. The highest, in Kyiv, was $423 in December. In all other regions of Ukraine, workers did not receive an average of more than $270. A year earlier, with the exception of Kyiv, the maximum wage level did not exceed $250.
Bonus payments at the end of the year in Ukraine range from 15% to 20% of the salary in November.
Highest paid activities
Data: Belstat, Rosstat, Ukrastat, own calculations
In the most highly paid types in all three countries wages increased in 12 months. Financial sphere leads in terms of wages in Russia and is one of the three highest paid areas in Belarus and Ukraine. High level noted in the field of research and development. In Belarus, he was not among the highest paid, however, he exceeds the average wages in the country.
Low-paid sectors of the economy in the three countries include Agriculture, textile industry, sphere hotel business and catering.
Trends:
The minimum wage levels were in Russia and Ukraine in 2015. Since then, wages in these countries have been increasing. There are economic prerequisites for this (growth industrial production, growth financial indicators enterprises) to further increase wages. An additional factor for Russia may be the reduction of the able-bodied population due to demographic processes.
The situation in Belarus depends on the readiness of the authorities to reform the current economic model. It is unable to meet its $500 salary target without significant external assistance.
In Ukraine, real wages are higher than those declared. Making adjustments to regulations tax system can significantly increase the official level of wages.
The conflict situation between Russia and Ukraine will not contribute to the flow of labor migrants. In case of simplification of the regime of entry into the EU, specialists from Ukraine may find themselves in a more interesting European market in terms of salary.
The Belarusian market will no longer be attractive for the citizens of Ukraine.
