Citizens who buy apartments on a mortgage are legally entitled to tax break called a tax deduction. This is money that is returned to the taxpayer's account from the amounts of income taxes paid by him to the state. Refunds are limited and marginal price the acquired real estate from which such a return can be made.
The list of benefits is common for everyone who applies for a mortgage, regardless of the type of housing, its price, the bank that provided the loan:
Buying a home gives the taxpayer the right to return taxes paid to the state on income at a rate of 13% (Article 220 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). Money is returned only from amounts for the purchase of housing no more than 2 million rubles. If the accommodation costs more, then the balance will not be refunded. Taking into account the rate of 13% maximum size return is 260 thousand rubles.
If housing was bought after 01/01/2014, then several real estate objects can be presented for offset within the limit of 2 million rubles, and this rule does not apply to transactions made earlier than this date and it was possible to declare only one object, and the unused part the deduction limit simply “burned out”.
Now each taxpayer can declare his right to a deduction to the tax office for as many years in a row as needed until the limit is exhausted. But for mortgage taxpayers, the maximum limit has been increased from 2 to 3 million rubles, since taxes are returned on the repayment of principal and interest on it, with the proviso that in this situation the deduction will be paid only on one property, and not on several, as for all those who simply buy housing without a mortgage.
First you need to collect the entire package of documents, and then apply with it to tax office at their place of residence in any year after the date on which the right to the tax credit arises. Terms of application are not limited, but usually the application is submitted together with tax return until April 30 of the year following the reporting year. per package binding documents includes the following copies:
From 01.01.2010, even those who have bought a share or an entire residential building with the accompanying land plot or without it under construction. The deduction is granted to those who can document the ownership of the land or part of it and the house.
If a citizen was unable to repay the loan taken from the bank, and this became the reason for issuing a new loan to pay off the old one (re-lending), then in this case he also enjoys the right to deduct. In the same way, you will have to confirm a loan with a bank for the purpose of acquiring housing, building land, land with a house.
Tax relief when buying an apartment on a mortgage is provided to able-bodied citizens who pay 13% of their income to the state in the form of tax. Therefore, non-working citizens, or those working without official employment, cannot count on receiving a refund, since they do not pay tax to the state.
If you have any questions or need help preparing documents for tax deduction, then our on-duty lawyer online is ready to advise you free of charge.
In 2018, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, enough a wide range of various benefits for the population when obtaining mortgage loans. New system assistance from the state will help, first of all, young and large families, but this is only a part of the potential recipients of benefits.
Depending on which category a person or family belongs to, they can count on different types preferential lending options. For many people, this is the only way to get their own housing, or at least a huge help in registration and further payments for the premises.
But not everyone can benefit from state support. Consider which categories of citizens are eligible for assistance.
The previously operating program "Young Family" after the entry into force of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 12, 2017 No. 1243 from January 1, 2018 ceased to operate and has now been replaced by a new program that puts more emphasis on having children. However, many banks still keep Special offers for these categories of people.
For example, similar loan product is in Sberbank. This financial institution offers families a loan at a rate of 8.6% per annum. The amount can vary, ranging from 300 thousand rubles and above. You can apply for a loan for up to 30 years, so getting mortgage loan in this case becomes more real. Under the terms of the promotion, at least one of the parents must be less than 35 years old at the time of applying for a loan. If there is only one parent, then he must meet this requirement. Otherwise, this product differs little from a conventional mortgage.
As mentioned above, from 01/01/2018, a new preferential program came into force, in which benefits are given to those families in which a child was born during the period from 01/01/2018 to 12/31/2018. They are eligible to take out a mortgage at a seriously reduced interest rate of 6% per annum. For this, certain conditions must be met:
Many experts agree that in 3-5 years interest rates in banks will be equal to 6-7% per annum anyway.
As a result, after the end of the promotion, it will be possible to refinance (or the bank will voluntarily lower the rate on its own), which will allow you to practically not increase the amount of the overpayment.
Program " military mortgage” has been in force since 2004 and since then, although it has been changed several times, in 2018 no significant changes were made to it. Current rules allow a serviceman to get housing anywhere in the country practically without investing personal funds.
Program conditions:
If these conditions are met, then you can get a loan for a maximum of 20 years. main feature: you can choose any property within the territory of the Russian Federation. In this case, the interest rate will be equal to the average market, so that even after dismissal from the service, it will be possible to repay the debt without any problems. It should be noted that in this case it is more profitable to serve until the mortgage is fully repaid and after that, if such a need arises, quit, immediately moving to your own housing, for which, in fact, not a penny was spent. In theory, an employee must make an initial contribution of 10% of the cost of an apartment or house, but even it can be omitted if you serve about 3 years by enrolling in the program in advance. The fact is that certain amounts will constantly be transferred to the employee’s personal account, from which the down payment will then be automatically formed.
In addition to the already listed benefit programs, Government Decree No. 373 provides for the possibility of providing assistance to people in a difficult situation. However, getting this help is quite difficult.
It is necessary to prove (documented) that the borrower's income level has decreased by more than 30% since the loan was received or a corresponding increase in the payment amount for reasons beyond the payer's control.
Any of the programs has certain conditions and requirements that must be taken into account, since otherwise it will not work to exercise your rights. And first of all, you need to choose the right bank. Most of them participate in one way or another in various government programs so picking the right one will be easy.
To participate in the program, you must meet the requirements of the selected program. Here is an example based on the new preferential system of 2018:
To apply for a preferential mortgage program, you need to provide the following package of documents:
I read good news about mortgage conditions since 2018 in Tinkov's magazine today. It's good to share good news.
Government approved mortgage program for preferential terms . This is not the program under which they wrote off up to 1.5 million rubles of debt, but a completely new one. On it, you can take a mortgage immediately at a reduced rate - 6% per annum for the first few years. Or refinance an existing loan and pay for several years less percent. Then the rate will be higher, but still below the market average.
Ekaterina Miroshkina
economist
With the terms of the program, not everything is clear yet. Deal with what is.
Source:
PP dated 30.12.17 No. 1711
Mortgages under this program will only be given to families in which the second or third child is born from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022. Parents and child must be citizens of the Russian Federation.
Everything is strict with dates and children. A family with one child cannot participate in the program, regardless of income. If the second child was born last year - too. If there are already three children and a fourth is planned, there will be no preferential rate. At least under this program and under these conditions.
To take a mortgage at a reduced rate, you need to draw up a loan agreement from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022. The mortgage must be in rubles - they will not give you a foreign exchange subsidy.
There are no restrictions on the term of the contract. You can take out a mortgage for 5, 10 or 30 years. This is approved by the bank, taking into account the solvency of the borrower.
It follows from the terms of the program that it is possible to refinance a loan that was issued before January 1, 2018. But only on condition that the second or third child is born, and the bank from among the partners refinances old loan after January 1st. But the wording is complex, so we requested a comment on this from AHML. We'll let you know if they answer.
The loan must be for the purchase of an apartment or house with a plot in the primary market. This may be a sale or purchase agreement shared construction. The main thing is not secondary.
Seller - only entity. This is directly stated in paragraph 10 of the program.
For regions - up to 3 million rubles. In Moscow, Moscow region, St. Petersburg and Leningrad region- up to 8 million. This restriction is not for the price of the apartment, but for the loan amount. The apartment may cost more.
The borrower must pay a minimum of 20% of the cost of housing. When refinancing new loan should be no more than 80% of the value of existing housing.
It is not necessary to use your own funds for the initial contribution. You can use maternity capital or employer money. For example, if you make the entire mother's capital as a down payment, you can buy an apartment for 2.2 million rubles at 6%. With this money in many regions you can buy a three-ruble note in a new building.
When a child is born after January 1, 2018, the rights to maternity capital and preferential mortgage arise simultaneously. And in order to use mother capital for a down payment, you do not need to wait for the child to be three years old.
If the child was born before January 1, you still have the right to a certificate and you can immediately put it into action.
There is also an option to use part of the maternity capital for a down payment, and arrange a part as monthly payments and pay off the mortgage with them. Think about which scheme is right for you, but remember that payments and a preferential rate will eventually run out, and you will have to continue paying mortgages.
Initially, the rate will be 6%. But this is not for the entire term of the mortgage, but only for the first time. The term of the preferential rate depends on how the child will be born in the family.
The conditions are:
If there is only one child in the family, you can take a mortgage under normal conditions, and after the birth of the second child, refinance it at a reduced rate.
When the grace period ends, the rate will increase. It will be equal to the key rate of the Central Bank on the date of the loan plus 2 percentage points. If you take a mortgage now, then after grace period the rate will not exceed 9.75%. The program says that 2 percentage points must be added to the rate on the day the loan is granted, and not to the one that will be in effect when the 6% period ends.
This means that if in three years the Central Bank's rate drops significantly (well, suddenly), then 9.75% may not be so profitable. But in this case, the conditions of the program may be revised. For example, they can link the rate to another period, fix it, and generally do anything. Now taking a mortgage under this program is more profitable than without it, whatever one may say. And for some, this is a chance.
The rate is subsidized only for loans with annuity payments. This is when the payments are the same every month.
There are also differentiated payments - they are gradually decreasing. There will be no such subsidy.
If you do not understand the terminology, look at the chart from the bank. Payments are equal - then it suits you.
Not all banks will receive subsidies, but only large ones with large volumes of mortgages.
There is no specific list yet. But do not rush to go to any bank, so that later it does not work out like with the previous program. Then many failed to refinance the loan, because the bank could not participate in the program. Follow the list on the AHML website. We have made a request to their press service and will keep you updated.
UPD: Here it is order of the Ministry of Finance with a list of authorized banks
There is no specific list in the rules of the program. You will definitely need a loan agreement, documents on the birth of children and an apartment. The bank will tell you what certificates to collect, but they are unlikely to be many.
In this program, there are no requirements for family income, apartment area and social status, like last time. By the way, there are no restrictions on the availability of other housing either. So you can buy an apartment for a child, even if the family has a place to live.
No, that won't work. it new program with new conditions - the bank can only reduce the rate, but will not write off part of the debt and will not shorten the term. Only if you negotiate and refinance on some other personal terms.
Nothing is given out in cash. The subsidy is received not by the borrower, but by the bank. He lowers your mortgage rate and receives compensation from the state for lost income.
Not a single program of state mortgage support helped everyone. Previously, the state tried to help families in difficult financial situation or foreign exchange borrowers.
Now, with the help of a preferential rate, he wants to increase the birth rate. The goal of the program is to motivate families to have a second or third child. Many are stopped by the problem of housing and expensive mortgage. Places in kindergarten guaranteed to provide only after three years. Until the child is three years old and the mother is on parental leave, the family's income will decrease. Even if you take out a mortgage, it's hard to pay it off.
The state says: give birth to more children - then the mortgage will be cheaper. Here is the maternity capital for the down payment or monthly payments for the second child. And here's to you reduced rate by mortgage. Buy a bigger apartment and improve the demographic situation.
Mortgage subsidies will also help other industries. They are given only for primary housing - families will buy more apartments, builders will build, workers will receive a salary and also buy something. This will benefit families, businesses, and the state. At least that's the idea.
There is no specific end date. There are only restrictions on the term of the contract and the birth of children. But there is still a limit on the amount of subsidized loans - in total, they plan to issue them at a reduced rate for 600 billion rubles. This is the amount of not subsidies, but loans. The government believes that hundreds of thousands of families will receive preferential mortgages.
When it will end, it is difficult to guess. There have already been cases when state support for mortgages suddenly ended two weeks after renewal, and then resumed, but on different conditions. How it will be this time, no one knows.
See what the Minister of Construction has to say about the terms and conditions of this program in an interview with the Russia 24 channel.
Now you need to understand the conditions of the program in order to understand whether you can qualify for a preferential rate.
If you can, or you definitely can soon, you should follow the list of partner banks on the AHML website. Or make a request to the bank where you already have a mortgage or plan to apply for it.
If the program does not concern you yet, but you were planning a second or third child, you can keep it in mind. But you should not rely on benefits and plan children just for the sake of preferential mortgages. Rates and conditions are changing, money is running out, and children and loans are not going anywhere. Do not refuse the help of the state, but always rely only on yourself.
Moscow families are in more favorable conditions in comparison with other regions, since they can count on additional preferences from the regional authorities. In this article, we will consider the conditions under which mortgages are offered to large families in Moscow in 2019, and highlight the main points.
Since 2005, large families have the opportunity to get into. federal program"Affordable Housing for the Citizens of Russia" established the following requirements for potential participants and the conditions for obtaining a loan:
The family has the right to apply to pay the existing debt. As already noted, assistance is allocated in strict order of priority, so it is important to contact the authorized body as soon as possible with an appropriate application.
Mortgage lending for families with more than three children provides for a loan at low interest rates and partial reimbursement of the loan by the state.
Preferential obtaining a loan practically does not have any differences from obtaining a regular one. home loan However, this option is more profitable for a large family. For example, in AHML mortgage it will be possible to issue at 6.15% per annum, provided that the apartment is located in a new building, and if the housing belongs to the secondary category, the rate will be already 11%.
Other banking institutions also offer such customers favorable rates. Typically, the reduction occurs by 1-2% or more than the percentages set for all other borrowers.
For the state provides citizens included in this category, certain preferences when applying for a mortgage. State assistance consists of a low interest rate and subsequent reimbursement of payments. Subsidies are given only if there are certain grounds:
In the last paragraph, the defining parameter is the standards that are established by a particular region regarding the footage per citizen. In Moscow, this figure is 18 square meters. meters.
There are several state programs in the capital region that are aimed at improving the living conditions of families with children. In one of the projects, families can purchase apartments from the municipal fund with a small initial payment and at a low interest rate.
Let us consider in more detail what conditions are offered to such families in the capital and what may be required to obtain a mortgage loan. The following points can be noted as the main conditions for lending:
To take advantage of preferential lending terms, a family representative must collect and submit the following documents:
After submitting the documentation, the bank employee checks it within the allotted time. Based on the results of the audit, a decision is made regarding the granting of a loan or refusal to lend. At the final stage, the applicant gets the opportunity to purchase an apartment.
Moscow families with the status of large families can count on receiving a preferential mortgage loan with a subsequent one. The procedure for obtaining such assistance is specified in regional legislative acts. Preferential mortgages offer low interest rates and a small down payment.
Under the new law, many families will now be able to receive a reduced mortgage interest rate of 6%.
However, there are several important nuances that you need to be aware of before applying.
Mortgage benefits are regulated by Presidential Decree Pr-2440, clause 2 and Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1711 “On approval of the Rules for the provision of subsidies from federal budget Russian credit institutions and joint-stock company“Housing Mortgage Lending Agency” for reimbursement of lost income on issued (acquired) housing (mortgage) credits (loans) provided to citizens Russian Federation having children”
According to the current regulatory legal acts, the term of preferential mortgage is 3 years, starting from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020.
However, there is a possibility of its extension if successful. It is too early to draw conclusions now, since this measure of social support does not last long. The first results can be seen only after a year.
The law does not only apply to biological parents. Decrease in mortgage rates can be received by persons who have adopted children. But in this case, it is not the date of birth of the baby that plays a role, but the moment of its transfer to the family.
Unfortunately, for families in which the first-born was born after January 1, 2018, a decrease mortgage rate not expected. They are provided with cash payments. .
