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Introduction
A structured cabling system (SCS) is used to provide communication between terminal information transfer devices (computers, terminals, telephone and fax machines) and active switching equipment (switches, hubs, office automatic telephone exchanges, etc.). A structured cabling system is a hierarchical cabling system of a building or group of buildings divided into structural subsystems. It consists of a set of copper and optical cables, patch panels, patch cords, cable connectors, modular jacks, information outlets and auxiliary equipment. All elements are integrated into a single system and operated according to certain rules. Three main principles are laid down in the SCS:
Versatility;
redundancy;
Structured .
Versatility cable system expressed in the fact that it is not built for any specific application, but is created in accordance with the principle of open architecture and based on relevant standards.
Redundancy implies the introduction of additional information outlets into the cable system. The number of information outlets is not determined by current needs, but is determined by the area and topology of the working premises. Thus, the organization of new jobs, adaptation to the specific needs of the customer, occurs quickly and without disrupting the work of the organization.
Structuring consists in dividing the cable system into separate subsystems that perform strictly defined functions.
The purpose of the course project is to gain practical skills in designing a structured cabling system using the example of a 4-story office building.
cable structured subsystem design
1. Description of the design object
1.1 Purpose and goals of creating a structured cabling system
The created system is designed to ensure the functioning automated systems customer, as well as for the implementation of centralized management of the cable industry.
SCS is intended for:
§ Data exchange in the data network;
§ Access to Internet resources;
§ Providing reliable information transmission channels within the data transmission network;
§ Preparation of the basis for the creation of a single information space in the territory;
§ Provision of security systems and other public services on the territory of deployment of the data transmission network;
1.2 Initial data for design
The created SCS should ensure the functioning of automated information systems based on the LAN and telephone network building.
The structured cabling system is installed in a 4-storey office building, separate floors and working rooms on them have an identical layout. The floor height between floors is 3.5 meters, the total thickness of the floors is 50 cm.
In the corridors and in the working rooms for the accommodation of users, the installation of a false ceiling with a free space height of 80 cm is provided. There is enough free space behind the false ceiling to accommodate trays used for laying cables for various purposes. The walls of the building and internal non-permanent partitions that separate the premises from each other are made of ordinary brick and covered with a layer of plaster, the thickness of which is 1 cm. Any additional channels in the floor and walls that can be used for laying cables, construction project building is not provided.
2. Selection of main technical solutions
2.1 Principles of administration and topology of SCS
The principles of administration or management of the SCS are entirely determined by its structure. A distinction is made between single-point and multi-point administration.
Multipoint administration is understood as the management of SCS, which is built according to the classical architecture of a hierarchical star. The hierarchical star architecture can be used for a group of buildings or for a single building. In the first case, the hierarchical star consists of the central cross of the system, the main crosses of buildings and horizontal storey crosses. The central cross is connected to the main crosses of buildings with the help of external cables. Floor cross-sections are connected with the main cross-section of the building by cables of the vertical shaft. In the second case, the star consists of the main cross-section of the building and horizontal storey cross-sections, interconnected by cables of the vertical shaft. The hierarchical star architecture provides maximum control flexibility and maximum system adaptability to new applications.
The number of distribution nodes is determined by the number of storeys of the building and the length of the floors. Usually, one (storey) distribution node is installed on each floor. (Figure 2.1.1) If the floor is long, several distribution nodes can be created on it, each of which serves the area within the reach of workplaces with a 90-meter cable of the horizontal cable system. Floor distribution nodes are connected by main channels to the main distribution node of the building.
The building cabling system should have no more than two levels of hierarchy. In small buildings with a low concentration of jobs, it is possible to install one distribution unit for the entire building, which is located on the floor where most jobs are concentrated.
A single point administration architecture is used in situations where cabling management is required to be as simple as possible. Its main feature is the direct connection of all information outlets of workplaces with switching equipment in a single technical room. A fundamentally similar architecture can only be used for SCS installed in one building and not having a backbone subsystem. Single point administration provides the easiest circuit management possible by eliminating the need to cross circuit circuits in multiple locations. Single point administration architecture does not apply to a group of buildings.
Figure 2.1.1 Topology of the SCS, where KZ - cross building; KE - cross floor; IR - information socket
2.2 Selecting locations for control rooms and distribution rooms
In the general case, the technical premises that are part of the SCS administrative subsystem are divided into control rooms and cross rooms.
hardware a technical room is called, in which, along with the group switching equipment of the SCS, there is an active network equipment for collective use of the enterprise scale (UPBX, servers, switches). Control rooms are equipped with fire extinguishing, air conditioning and access control systems.
The cross room is a technical room that houses the switching and network equipment of the SCS.
The control room can be combined with the cross building.
The area of the control room serving the workplaces of the building should be 14 m 2. To place the control room, it seems most appropriate to allocate room 111, since it is located on the ground floor, it is not a checkpoint, it is located approximately in the middle of the floor and does not adjoin the outer walls of the building, it is located not far from the stairs, etc. Room 111 has an area of 20 m 2, which exceeds the recommended area of the control room, obtained on the basis of the specific norm - 0.7% of the working area, so it is advisable to combine it with the cross room on the first floor.
The normative area under the cross room, based on the number of serviced RRs, should be 6.2 m 2, which slightly exceeds the minimum allowable value of 6 m 2. Rooms 111, 211 and 311.411 with an area three times the standard are allocated for cross rooms on different floors. The presence of space reserves allows in the future to place additional network equipment for collective use in these premises. The distance from these technical premises to the farthest outlet turns out to be approximately 58 m, that is, the diameter of the serviced working area will not exceed 70 m, then a single-level (centralized) CKC structure is implemented on the floors.
On the first floor of the building there is no separate room for CE, and the switching equipment necessary for servicing the cables of the horizontal CKC subsystem of this floor is mounted in the control room.
PABX, servers and central LAN equipment will be located in the control room, that is, CKC is built according to a two-level scheme using the principle of multipoint administration.
2.3 Determination of the physical parameters of the SCS and installation requirements
The throughput of communication channels for the vertical subsystem is at least 1 Gbps, for the horizontal subsystem it is recommended at least 100 Mbps. Form factors for laying cable products: pipes are used for a vertical cable system, trays for a horizontal one, for laying in a false ceiling, and cable channels.
Table 2.3.1 shows the results of calculating the number of workplaces for each of the workplaces based on the ratio - at least one workplace for five square meters area of the room.
Table 2.3.1 Number of jobs
|
Room number, its purpose |
Area, m2 |
Number of workplaces |
|
|
111 (hardware / cross) |
|||
|
114(do not use) |
|||
|
115(do not use) |
|||
|
Total per floor |
|||
|
211(cross),311.411 |
|||
|
214(do not use),314,414 |
|||
|
215(do not use),315.415 |
|||
|
Total per floor |
The total number of jobs in the building is 320.
Each element of the cable system must be marked, that is, have a unique number, which consists of a prefix indicating the element of the cable system; a field that defines the location of the element and letters that identify the system to which this element of the cabling system belongs. In this project, the following elements of the SCS are marked:
Workplace;
Patch panel port;
Building room.
Each cable has a unique identifier printed on both sides, which contains the following information:
Cable type (G - 4-pair UTP cable; M - Trunk fiber optic cable of vertical wiring);
Room and workplace number on one side;
The port number of the cross-connect and patch panel on the other side.
Each workplace has a unique identifier that contains the following information:
Three-digit number, including the floor number (first digit), two-digit number of the room in which the workplace is located;
Workplace number in room;
Each patch panel port has an ID that contains:
The letters MC (Main Cross-Connect) for the main cross, 1C (Intermediate Cross-connect) for floor intermediate crosses;
Room number where the main switching node is located;
The single digit after the room number is the patch panel number;
The single digit after the dash is the patch panel port number;
Each room has a number that contains:
A single digit is the floor number;
A two-digit number is the number of rooms on the specified floor.
3. Description of the structured cabling system
3.1 Workplace subsystem
The workstation subsystem is used to connect terminal devices (computers, terminals, printers, telephones, etc.) to the local network.
To implement the workplace subsystem, the following types of socket modules were selected: double information sockets of the RJ-45 type of the 5th category (one module is used to connect a workstation, the second is reserved or used to connect additional network equipment), double sockets VEPS - (provide network equipment and other active devices at the user's workplace with guaranteed power supply) are used to connect the workstation set and other devices operating in the local network, household electrical sockets (for connecting office equipment) and RJ-11 single telephone sockets.
Way of fastening of information and power sockets - a cable channel.
For common rooms you need at least 1 workplace per 5 sq. meters of area of the room, equipped with the necessary socket modules for connecting the minimum set of organizational equipment (typical workplace). In addition, one of the workplaces must be equipped with additional socket modules for connecting a set of organizational equipment (reinforced workplace).
A typical working place (Figure 3.1.1) is equipped with:
Two VEPS sockets (one double);
Reinforced workplace - a workplace equipped with additional socket modules for connecting a set of organizational equipment. A view of the reinforced workplace is shown in Figure 3.1.2.
The reinforced workplace is equipped with:
Two information sockets type RJ-45 of the 5th category (one double);
One telephone socket type RJ-11;
Four VEPS sockets (two double);
One household electrical outlet.
Figure 3.1.1 Typical workplace
Figure 3.2.2 Reinforced workplace
Table 3.1.1 provides information on the number of information and power outlets in the premises of the building
|
room number |
Area, m2) |
Number of workers Seats (pcs) |
Socket modules |
Power sockets |
Termination cords (pcs) |
|||||
|
2*VEPS (pcs) |
Household (pcs) |
|||||||||
|
111 (hardware / cross) |
||||||||||
|
114 (do not use) |
||||||||||
|
115 (do not use) |
||||||||||
|
211(cross) |
||||||||||
|
214 (not used) |
||||||||||
|
215 (do not use) |
||||||||||
|
311(cross) |
||||||||||
|
314 (do not use) |
||||||||||
|
315 (do not use) |
||||||||||
|
411(cross) |
||||||||||
|
414 (do not use) |
||||||||||
|
415 (do not use) |
||||||||||
* Taking into account the percentage for development (10%), the number of patch cords will be 352. They are used to connect network equipment information outlets to socket modules.
3.2 Horizontal subsystem
The horizontal subsystem is designed to connect the control subsystem with the workplace and is characterized by a very large number of cable branches. The horizontal SCS subsystem will be built on the basis of unshielded 4-pair category 5e cables, laid two to each socket block.
To calculate the amount of cable required to implement a subsystem, two main methods are used: the summation method and the static method.
The summation method consists in calculating the length of the route of each horizontal cable and then adding the values found in this way.
The amount of cable required is calculated using a statistical method. This method was chosen based on the fact that there are more than 12 information outlets on each floor and workplaces are evenly distributed over the serviced area.
The statistical method assumes:
1. Calculation of the average length (Lcp) of cable routes according to the formula:
Lcp=(Lmax+Lmin)/2,
where L min and L max are the lengths of the cable route from the point of location of the cross equipment to the information connector of the nearest and farthest workplace, calculated taking into account the cable laying technology, all descents, ascents, turns and building features.
2. When determining the length of the routes, it is necessary to add a technological margin of 10% of Lcp and a margin X for cable routing procedures in the distribution node and the information connector; so the length of the traces L will be:
L= (1.1Lcp+X)*N ,
where N is the number of sockets on the floor.
We will calculate the amount of cable required for each floor and the building as a whole.
For each floor:
Lmin = 10 m; Lmax = 58 m; N=80, k=10%.
Average length (L cp) of cable runs:
L cp \u003d (L max + L min) / 2 \u003d (58 + 10) / 2 \u003d 34 m.
The length of the tracks L will be:
L= (k*L cp+X)*N=(1.1*34+2)*
In total, for the horizontal subsystem it is necessary:
L total \u003d L * 4 \u003d 12608 meters of cable.
There are 305 meters of cable in the bay. Then, to create a horizontal subsystem, 42 (12608/305=41.338) bays, or 12810 meters of cable (42*305=12810) are required.
The laying of cables of the horizontal subsystem on the floors is carried out in a cable channel, which is mounted on the wall.
The specification for cable products for organizing a horizontal system is in the table in the appendix. Schemes of the horizontal subsystem of SCS 1-4 floors are shown on graphic sheet 2.
· Cable channel, 35x80 mm - for laying to the workplace;
· Tray 100x50 mm - for laying the track to the audience;
· Tray 100x80 mm - for laying the route along the corridor from the cross.
3.3 Vertical subsystem
The main (vertical) system of the building provides a connection between the cross-country of each of the floors of the building with the building's control room.
Depending on the degree (high, medium or low) integration in the building, the length of the backbone subsystem path and the required data transfer rate, fiber optic cable, unshielded or shielded twisted pair can be used to install the vertical SCS subsystem.
Taking into account the initial assessment of the capacity of the main cables, we choose a high degree integration. This configuration includes two or more outlet modules per data outlet with the appropriate number of horizontal cables per workstation. characteristic feature This configuration is to use a fiber optic cable to organize an internal backbone.
The number of optical cores of the main cable system is determined taking into account 100% redundancy, therefore, when laying the main cable network, the project provides for two different routes (main and backup), going from the central control room, where the switching equipment is installed, to floor cabinets (column sheet 3). Reservation will be made using a twisted pair cable of category 5e.
The total height of the building is 12 meters. Riser channels pass through the technical rooms, that is, the maximum length of the main cable will be approximately 25 m
We will calculate the cables according to the principle of high integration. We accept that for each workplace in the internal backbone of the building, 0.2 fibers should be provided and, accordingly, for each floor: 16 (80 * 0.2 = 16) for the main route and 16 (80 * 0.2 = 16) for the backup route optical fibers. In general, the building needs 64 optical fibers for the main route and 64 for 100% redundancy.
The backbone of the backbone for transmitting LAN signals should be a multi-mode indoor fiber optic cable with traditional 62.5/125 fibers.
Table 3.3.1 Internal Trunk Subsystem Cables
|
cable type |
Number of pairs/fibers |
Number of cables |
cable length m |
Purpose |
||||
Summing up the obtained values, we obtain the required amount of cable for the implementation of the internal trunk subsystem of the designed cabling:
· 52m of 16-fiber optical cable for the main route and 52m of 16-fiber optical cable for the backup route.
For the passage of vertical sections, standpipes or shafts of various types allocated for this are usually used. These passages are in practice implemented in the form of slots, sleeves and embedded pipes. .
For laying cables of the subsystem of internal highways of the designed CKC, we will use vertical tubular elements such as sleeves with a diameter of 100 mm, located along the wall of the technical room and performing the functions of riser channels.
3.4 Control subsystem
In the premises of the control subsystem, active and passive equipment of computer, telephone, signal and other types of networks are placed in order to organize access to external information networks.
In general, the technical premises of the control subsystem are divided into:
hardware;
Cross shoes
In the system being designed, taking into account the total number of serviced jobs, we will accept the following equipment layout:
Mounting structures such as cabinets are installed in the cross rooms;
In the control room, a mixed installation option is used.
Patch panels for various purposes, mounted in each cross floor, support the operation of active network equipment connected to 80 workstations. In the rooms of the control room and cross floors, the central placement of the cabinet with a circular approach to it is used.
Switching of workplaces is carried out with the help of special cross-cables between the panels on the main cross. The use of such a scheme provides a safe method of switching active equipment.
In the hardware room (No. 111) the following is installed:
- No. 1 - 19” cabinet for 28 units (28U), which fits:
· 4 fiber optic switches Shanghai BDCOM L2 S2228F for 24 ports; (5U)
· 4 fiber optic patch panels, 19"", with 24 duplex adapters; (6U)
4 horizontal cable organizers;(6U)
server equipment (6U);
- No. 2 - 19” cabinet for 32 units (32U), which fits:
· Uninterruptible power supply GE M 2200 19"" with power - 2.2 kW, voltage - 140 V. ~ 305 V., number of output sockets (IEC 320) - 9; (3U).
In the room of the cross rooms (No. 211,311 and 411) a 19” cabinet for 32 units is installed:
5 D-Link DES-3200-28 switches for 24 RJ-45 ports and 4 1000Base-T/SFP combo ports
5 patch panels, 19"", with 24 duplex adapters; (7U)
8 horizontal cable organizers;(10U)
· Uninterruptible power supply GE M 2200 19"" with power - 2.2 kW, voltage - 140 V. ~ 305 V., number of output sockets (IEC 320) - 9; (3U).
The equipment cabinet of the 1st floor is assembled and installed in the following sequence (for a 28U cabinet, from top to bottom):
· 1 U - optical switch Shanghai BDCOM L2 S2228F for 24 ports;
· 1 U - 24 ports;
· 1 U - cable organizer;
· 1 U - optical switch Shanghai BDCOM L2 S2228F for 24 ports;
· 1 U - Optical panel Zet ODF 1U 24 SC/FC/Duplex LC 24 ports;
· 1 U - cable organizer;
· 1 U - optical switch Shanghai BDCOM L2 S2228F for 24 ports;
· 1 U - Optical panel Zet ODF 1U 24 SC/FC/Duplex LC 24 ports;
· 1 U - cable organizer;
· 6 U - server hardware;
1 U - plug, (reserve place);
1 U - plug, (reserve place);
1 U - plug, (reserve place);
1 U - plug, (reserve place);
1 U - plug, (reserve place);
1 U - plug, (reserve place);
Completion and installation of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th floor cross-country cabinet is carried out in the following sequence (for a 32U cabinet, from top to bottom):
· 1 U - switching equipment D-Link DES-3200-28 for 24 ports;
1 U - Krone/110 (dual) IDC Patch panel 24 RJ45 ports, category 5e
· 3 U - cable organizer;
· 1 U - switching equipment D-Link DES-3200-28 for 24 ports;
1 U - Krone/110 (dual) IDC Patch panel 24 RJ45 ports, category 5e
· 3 U - cable organizer;
· 1 U - switching equipment D-Link DES-3200-28 for 24 ports;
1 U - Krone/110 (dual) IDC Patch panel 24 RJ45 ports, category 5e
3U - cable organizer;
· 1 U - switching equipment D-Link DES-3200-28 for 24 ports;
1 U - Krone/110 (dual) IDC Patch panel 24 RJ45 ports, category 5e
· 3 U - cable organizer;
1 U - plug, (reserve place);
1 U - plug, (reserve place);
1 U - plug, (reserve place);
1 U - plug, (reserve place);
· 3 U - uninterruptible power supply GE M 2200 19"" (2.2kV).
The specification of equipment and cabinets located in technical rooms is given in the appendix.
Conclusion
As a result of the completed course project, a structured cabling system of a four-story building was designed.
In this course project, all stages of designing a structured cabling system of an enterprise were considered: designing a workplace subsystem, designing a horizontal subsystem, designing a vertical subsystem, designing a control subsystem.
In the course of the project, useful skills were obtained in all the considered sections of the field of network technologies.
The designed network is easy to configure, install and operate. The equipment used in building the network is reliable and easy to use, easily replaceable and affordable.
List of used literature
1. A. B. Semenov, Design and calculation of structured cable systems and their components. - M.: DMK Press, 2003. - 416 p.
2. N.A. Olifer, V.G. Olifer, Transport subsystem of heterogeneous networks, 1997
3. Computer networks. Principles, technologies, protocols: A textbook for universities. 2nd ed. / N.A. Olifer, V.G. Olifer. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2004. - 864 p.: ill.
4. Fundamentals of Cisco networking, volume 1.: Per. from English. -M.: Publishing house "Williams", 2002. - 512p.: ill.
5. Fundamentals of Cisco networking, volume 2.: Per. from English. -M.: Publishing house "Williams", 2002. - 464p.: ill.
6. Yu.V. Novikov. Equipment of local networks. Functions, selection, development. M., Publishing house "Ekom", 1998, 288s.
7. T.I. Radko. Designing a structured cabling system. Electronic textbook for students of the specialty 050704 "VTIPO". KSTU, CETO, 2009
8. Radko T.I., M.Kh. Zakirov. structured cabling system. Textbook, Publishing House of KSTU, 2009, 80s
Application
Specification for equipment used in SCS
Table A.1 Specification for equipment used in SCS
|
Specifications for socket modules and termination cords |
|||||
|
Name |
Quantity |
Amount (tg) |
|||
|
Double RJ-45 socket, VALENA series, LE-774444, Legrand |
|||||
|
Telephone socket Valena RJ11 4 contacts 1 connector (aluminum), 7701 38, Legrand |
|||||
|
Socket 220V, household 16A, VALENA series, LE-774416, Legrand |
|||||
|
Double socket (monoblock) Valena with grounding from the curtain (aluminum), 7701 27, Legrand |
|||||
|
Fiber optic socket Legrand Mosaic SC socket, 2M, duplex 74229 |
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|
Specification for cable products, form factors, telecommunications equipment |
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|
Telephone cable Solid-Cross RJ-11 (500m) |
|||||
|
Tray DKC 100x50 L 3000, 35022, Depth: 50 mm Length: 3m Width: 100mm |
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|
Tray DKC 100x80 L 3000, 35062 Depth: 80mm Length: 3m Width: 100mm |
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|
Specification for cable products, switching equipment, form factors |
|||||
|
Shanghai BDCOM L2 S2228F Layer 2 (L2) Managed Switch, 24 ports 1000M SFP + 2 ports 10/100/1000M TX + 2 ports 10/100/1000M TX/Gigabit SFP combo |
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|
Rigid self-extinguishing PVC pipe 63 mm diameter (3m length of 1 pipe) |
1005 (price 1m - 335) |
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|
Equipment specification for the control subsystem |
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|
Optical panel Zet ODF 1U 24 SC/FC/Duplex LC |
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|
Cable organizer with metal rings |
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|
Blank 1U |
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Table A.2 Characteristics of equipment used in SCS
|
Hyperline HF1DJ19B5 (FO-D-IN/OUT-50-24-HFFR) Multimode fiber optic cable 50/125 (multimode), 24 cores |
||
|
Conforms to standards |
EIA-TIA 455 and IEC-60332, 60754, 60794. |
|
|
Optical performance meets the standard |
||
|
Complies with fire safety standard |
||
|
Conductive material: optical fiber |
9/125, 50/125, 62.5/125 |
|
|
Fiber isolation: |
dense buffer coating |
|
|
Reinforcement and waterproofing: |
waterproofing reinforcing aramid threads |
|
|
Outer shell: |
halogen-free flame retardant compound (HFFR) |
|
|
Central strength element: |
dielectric rod |
|
|
Bending resistance |
no data 300 cycles |
|
|
Fiber diameter |
||
|
Protective coating diameter |
||
|
Operating temperature |
||
|
D-Link DES-3200-28 Managed stackable switch 4 SFP ports, 24 RJ-45+ ports 4 10/100/1000Base-T/SFP combo ports |
||
|
Manufacturer |
||
|
Type of equipment |
Switch |
|
|
Indicators |
Power, Console; for 10/100/1000 Mbps ports: Link, Activity, Speed; for SFP ports: Link, Activity, Speed |
|
|
Gigabit ports |
24 10/100/1000 Mbps ports, 4 of which are shared with SFP ports |
|
|
4 gigabit ports shared with SFP ports |
||
|
Control |
Web Interface, Telnet, GUI (Graphical User Interface), Command Line Interface (CLI), SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol), RMON (Remote Network Monitoring) |
|
|
WAC (Web Access Control) |
Supported |
|
|
Port Based Network Access Control |
Supported, IEEE 802.1x |
|
|
Access Control List |
Supported |
|
|
Power Supply |
built-in |
|
|
Port Mirroring |
Supported; one-to-one, many-to-one, stream mirroring |
|
|
Compliance |
802.1d (Spanning Tree Protocol), 802.1Q (VLAN), 802.1s (MSTP), 802.1w (RSTP), 802.1x (User Authentication) |
|
|
IGMP support (multicast) |
||
|
Port Rate Limiting |
Supported; with a step of 512 Kbps |
|
|
MAC Address Table |
8000 addresses |
|
|
Supported (virtual stacking via software; D-Link Single IP Management supported; virtual stacking up to 32 devices possible) |
||
|
Supported, IEEE 802.1Q. Up to 4K static groups; up to 255 dynamic groups. |
||
|
Cooling |
1 fan; automatically turns on at temperatures above 35°C and turns off at temperatures below 30°C |
|
|
19" rack mount |
Possible, mounting hardware included |
|
|
Dimensions (width x height x depth) |
280 x 43 x 180 mm |
|
|
Shanghai BDCOM L2 S2228F 24 Port 1000M SFP + 2 Port 10/100/1000M TX + 2 Port 10/100/1000M Managed Layer 2 (L2) Switch |
||
|
The switch supports various functions for handling multicast traffic. |
IGMP snooping, MVR. |
|
|
24x1000 Mbps SFP port 2x10/100/1000 Mbps SFP-Combo ports 1 console port |
||
|
Switching matrix speed |
||
|
Switching type |
Store-and-forward switching |
|
|
MAC address table capacity |
||
|
Dimensions (LxWxH) |
||
|
Power consumption |
28W (Max) |
|
|
LED indicators |
Power, link activity |
|
|
Temperature |
Operating temperature: 0 ... 50°C, storage temperature: -40 ... 70°C |
|
|
Port-based VLAN, 802.1Q tag VLAN, VLAN Stacking (selective QinQ), GVRP dynamic VLAN configuration, VLAN port isolation |
||
|
Clustering |
Up to 32 devices controlled from one IP address |
|
|
Optical panel Zet ODF 1U 24 SC/FC/Duplex LC |
||
|
Dimensions (without mounting brackets): |
430x220x44 mm. |
|
|
light gray (RAL7035) |
||
|
Panel Features: |
retractable design; front panels are included in the price; several options for fixing the cable; the ability to run cables from the side and back; installation of cable organizers in any convenient place; a new way of rigid cable fixation - metal (2mm) brackets. |
|
|
Equipment: |
organizers - 6 pcs. splice cassette - 1 pc. cable clamps - 12 pcs. front panels SC (FC, SC duplex, plugs) - 3 pcs. clips for clamping the cable at the input - 2 pcs. double clamps for clamping the cable at the input - 2 pcs. power element clamp - 2 pcs. |
|
|
Floor cabinet 19" 28U ZPAS WZ-SZBD-081-ZCAA-11-0000-011 |
||
|
1341x600x800mm |
||
|
Floor cabinet 19" 32U ZPAS WZ-SZBD-062-ZCAA-11-0000-011 |
||
|
1519x600x1000mm |
||
|
glass door with metal inserts, handle with 3-point lock |
||
|
Uninterruptible power supply GE M GE M 2200 19 (2.2 kV) |
||
|
Application area: |
Servers and switches; PC and workstations; Cash registers, facsimile equipment, modems and ISDN adapters; Internet servers; Network hardware; Equipment for control systems and telecommunications. |
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cable organizer |
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Access for changing batteries from the front; Easy connection of additional battery packs for extended runtime |
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Horizontal cable manager 19" |
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Maximum number of cables to be laid |
25 patch cords 4 pairs UTP 5E |
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Coating |
Powder coated RAL9005 |
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Material |
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Storage conditions |
-40 to +70 |
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Operating conditions |
-0 to +70 |
Hosted on Allbest.ru
Choice of location for hardware and cross rooms. Laying cables in wall channels. Design of administrative and horizontal subsystems, as well as subsystems of the workplace and internal highways. Calculation of the capacity and quantity of the main cable.
term paper, added 04/17/2012
Calculation of horizontal and main subsystems, list of their equipment. Structured cabling system for office premises based on OM3 fiber optic cable using Nexans equipment. Schemes of placement of equipment in cabinets.
term paper, added 01/10/2010
Designing a local computer network of information classes of the university with the placement of the maximum number of workstations in accordance with sanitary standards. Calculation of the designed horizontal cable and administrative subsystem.
term paper, added 11/04/2010
The concept of a structured cabling system. Typical mechanical and performance characteristics of modern outdoor and indoor cables. Calculation of the total energy loss in the optical fiber. Calculation of masses of fiber-optic cable elements.
thesis, added 11/22/2015
The choice of the optimal route for the passage of cable ducts. Locations of automatic telephone exchanges and cable laying in the city of Novosibirsk. Calculation of the parameters of the optical communication cable. Characteristics of the capabilities and advantages of the multiplexer.
test, added 04/05/2015
Methodology and main stages of designing a structured cable system of an enterprise. Calculation of decorative boxes and their accessories. Justification and selection of active equipment of the enterprise network. Description of active equipment and its main properties.
term paper, added 03/19/2011
The concept and types of system topologies. The principle of operation and advantages of fiber optic cable and twisted pair. Architectural and telecommunication stages of designing a structured cabling system for the administrative building of the Tekhnologiya Plus company.
thesis, added 09/13/2014
Choice of cable system, cable type; placement of terminal and intermediate amplifying points; installation of the cable line; calculation of influences in communication circuits, measures to reduce them. Calculation of dangerous influences of the contact network railway to the communication line.
term paper, added 11/07/2012
Design telephone communication district. Calculation of the number capacity, the construction site of the ATS building. Design and calculation of the capacity of distribution and trunk cable networks. Choice of brand, diameter of conductive cores and cable duct elements.
term paper, added 10/08/2009
The main components of the network model of the cable system in the OpNet environment. Basic network topologies, their advantages and disadvantages. Rationale for the choice of network architecture. Traffic movement, simulation of work with various loads: connection, queue delays.
SCS DESIGN EXAMPLE
Let's consider an example of using the main provisions of the above material for designing a cable system in a hypothetical project. The presentation of the material is carried out, if possible, without being tied to a particular type of SCS. In situations where there is a need to perform specific calculations, for definiteness, the numerical parameters of the element base of the Russian IT-SCS cable system are used.
9.1. Initial data
A structured cabling system is installed in a 4-storey office building, individual floors of which have an identical layout, shown in fig. 9.1 on the example of the first floor. The clear height of the floor between the ceilings is 3.5 meters, the total thickness of the floor ceilings is 50 cm.
The created SCS should ensure the functioning of the LAN equipment and the telephone network office building. The customer's electronic PBX has a total capacity of about 400 internal numbers, and it is planned to connect mainly single-pair telephone sets to its ports at the initial stage of operation of the information and computing system. SCS is designed to create a conventional communication network and it is supposed to transfer information that does not belong to the category of confidential.
From the structure of the organization that will operate the cable system immediately after its construction is completed, and the technical requirements, it follows that the operation of the customer's LAN is associated with the processing and transmission of sufficiently large amounts of information in the process of solving several typical tasks.
Additionally provided:
connection of the organization's UPATS to the input 100-pair cross-section of the city telephone network;
connection of the organization's LAN via two channels with a bandwidth of at least 100 Mbit / s each with a previously built network in another building via a cable laid through a free channel of the existing cable duct; the sewerage scheme is shown in fig. 9.2 (ascents and descents are considered in the direction marked with an arrow).
Underground cable entry is located at the intersection of coordinate axes 9 and K.
The construction project of the building provides for the installation of a suspended ceiling with a free space height of 80 cm in the corridors and workrooms to accommodate users. There is enough free space behind the false ceiling to accommodate trays used for laying cables for various purposes. The walls of the building and internal non-permanent partitions separating individual rooms from each other are made of ordinary brick and covered with a layer of plaster, the thickness of which is 1 cm. Any additional channels in the floor and walls that can be used for laying cables, the construction project of the building not provided.
In the building, the construction project provides for a riser based on three pipes with a clear diameter of 80 mm, the installation channels for which run along the right wall of the X28 rooms on all floors of the building at a distance of 80 cm from the back wall (Fig. 9.3).
Cable entries to technical rooms and working rooms for users are made on the basis of several metal pipes with a clear diameter of 32 mm. In addition to information outlets, each workplace is provided with two power outlets connected to the guaranteed power supply network, and one power outlet connected to the household power supply network. The laying of power cables, as well as their connection to power sockets and power distribution board, is carried out by an adjacent subcontractor.
9.2. Architectural design phase
On each floor of the building according to the plan in Fig. 9.1 there are 18 working rooms each designed to accommodate users. Data on the area of these premises are summarized in Table. 9.1. In accordance with the provisions of section 4.3.1 with reference to SNiP 2.09.04-87, paragraph 3.2, for an office building, we assume the installation of one block of sockets, mainly for every 4 m2 of working area. In addition, to increase the ease of maintenance and operational flexibility of the information and computing system as a whole, we provide three socket blocks in each technical room on the floors of the building, that is, it is necessary to install a total of 90 socket blocks on each floor, and a total of 360 socket blocks in the building.
9.2.1. Technical buildings
Working areas on each floor, designed to accommodate users' workplaces, in accordance with the data in Table. 9.1 is 380 m2. According to the norms given in section 3.2.2, the area of the control room serving the workplaces of the building should be 10.6 m2. There is also a restriction on the minimum area of the control room of 14 m2. To accommodate the control room, it seems most appropriate to allocate rooms 128 and 129, since they are located on the first floor, they are not walk-through, they do not have windows and are not adjacent to the outer walls of the building, they are located close to elevators, etc. Room 128 has an area of 12.9 m2, which is only 1.1 m2 less than the required norm, but exceeds the recommended control room area, obtained based on the specific norm - 0.7% of the working area (Table 9.2).
When choosing the final decision in favor of a particular room, the following considerations were additionally involved. According to the first option, the location of the control room in room 128 is assumed. The area of \u200b\u200bthis room can be quickly and easily brought to the norm by moving the front non-capital wall towards the corridor by about 50 cm. This operation carried out immediately or in the future when such a need arises, for which there are all necessary prerequisites. The second option is to organize a control room in adjacent room 129, which meets all the requirements of the standards in relation to its dimensions. The area of 20.1 m2 of this room exceeds the standard. At the same time, however, the implementation of the main subsystems is somewhat more complicated, since a horizontal channel will be required to access the existing riser. With this in mind, in this particular case, we will focus on the first option.
The normative area under the cross room, based on the number of serviced RR according to Section 3.3.1, should be 6.2 m2, which slightly exceeds the minimum allowable value of 6 m2. Rooms 228, 328 and 428 are allocated for cross rooms on different floors with an area twice the standard. The location of these technical rooms directly above the control room greatly simplifies the design of interfloor passages and allows one riser to do without horizontal sections for laying the main cable. In addition, the availability of space reserves and the installation of IR allows in the future to place additional network equipment for collective use in these premises in the event of a significant modernization of the enterprise network.
In all technical rooms, in accordance with the requirements of section 3.2.5, the door is re-hanging, which must open outwards.
UPATS, servers and central LAN equipment will be located in the control room, that is, the SCS is built according to a two-level scheme using the principle of multipoint administration.
9.2.2. Cable channels for various purposes
For laying horizontal and trunk cables of the subsystem of internal trunks of the designed SCS, we use the following types of channels:
closed metal trays behind a false ceiling, designed for laying cables of the horizontal subsystem in the corridors;
decorative cable ducts (due to the lack of channels in the walls and floor of the user's working premises) made of non-combustible plastic and used for laying cables of the horizontal subsystem and power supply cables;
embedded tubes of the type of sleeves with a clear diameter of 32 mm, through which horizontal cables are inserted into the false ceiling of the working premises of users, removed from the tray in the corridor;
vertical tubular elements such as sleeves with a clear diameter of 80 mm, located along the right wall of the technical room at a distance of about 80 cm from its rear wall and performing the functions of riser channels and used for laying cables of the internal trunk subsystem through them.
The trays are located behind the false ceiling, fastened at least every 1.5 m and grounded according to the rules of the PUE (section 3.8.3.2). The installation height of the tray body is chosen equal to 3 m from the floor level.
To reduce the consumption of a decorative box and, accordingly, minimize the cost of the project and somewhat reduce the duration of its implementation, a horizontal laying of the box in the premises is used to accommodate users at the height of the outlets and one vertical descent due to the false ceiling for laying cables.
Under the sleeves on each floor, fastenings of vertical sections of trunk cables located at a distance of no more than 1 m from each other are provided.
Patch panels for various purposes, mounted in each cross floor, support the operation of active network equipment connected to 90 IRs. In this type of technical room, we use the installation of equipment in a closed mounting structure such as cabinets with glass front doors.
To save space, the hardware room is combined with the cross room on the first floor. Therefore, taking into account the placement of additional network equipment for collective use in this technical room, we install two mounting structures.
In the EC rooms, the central placement of the cabinet with a circular approach to it is used. In the hardware cabinets are installed in a row and fastened to each other. The relatively small width of the technical room (2640 mm) makes it impossible to provide circular access to the mounting structure in the control room with a passage width according to the BICSI rules. Therefore, a number of cabinets in the control room is installed close to the right wall of the room relative to the entrance. The displacement of cabinets to the right relative to the longitudinal axis of the control room is due to the passage of riser channels along this wall. In this case, the passage has a width of: 264 - 2 x 80 = 104 cm, which exceeds the minimum allowable value of 76 cm. The distance from the wall to the rear wall of the cabinet is chosen to be 1 m, which allows you to get:
free access to the back door of the cabinet;
ease of entry of trunk cables into the riser channels.
To ensure the convenience of operating the cable system and network equipment mounted in the control room, the door of the cabinet standing near the wall is hinged in such a way that it opens from left to right.
The cross-connect equipment of the SCS, which ensures the operation of the telephone exchange, is made in the form of cross-connect towers, which, together with the organizers, are installed on the wall of the room. The capacity of these towers is 400 pairs. The installation height of the towers to ensure ease of maintenance and switching is chosen so that the upper edge of the base is at a height of 1.7 m from the floor level. In this case, the outermost organizer of the tower is located at a distance of approximately 900 mm from the installation cabinet, which ensures full opening of the door and free access to the equipment.
The UPATS is located on the short end wall of the control room opposite the installation cabinets. Placing a wall cross between the mounting structure and the telephone exchange reduces total consumption cable and simplifies the installation of equipment.
9.3. Telecommunications design phase
At the time of the design work The main standard for building a LAN is Ethernet in various versions. The use of the element base of category 5e for the implementation of the horizontal subsystem ensures the transmission of signals over the SCS paths of all varieties of this LAN network interface that are widely used in practice, up to its ultra-high-speed version of Gigabit Ethernet 802.3b. Thus, the proposed solution provides a bandwidth reserve for SCS horizontal paths sufficient to support the operation of all known at the time of design and promising types of applications, that is, reliable protection of the customer's investments in SCS.
According to the initial data, the information and computing system of the enterprise being created is not intended for the transfer of confidential information. Therefore, a structured cabling system is built on a cheaper and less complex practical implementation unshielded element base.
9.3.1. Workplace subsystem
The composition of the sockets at each workplace is determined by the customer in the technical requirements and is given in the initial data, according to which one IR with two socket modules, forming subscriber ports of the SCS, and three power sockets for various purposes are provided.
The type of socket modules is determined taking into account the requirements for throughput, the configuration of the workplace and the selected mounting method. In this particular case, for the construction of information outlets, we use single category 5e modules of the MAX series of type MX-C5-02-IT, installed in pairs in their seat in the Mosaic 45 socket using an MX-45-82-IT adapter Use of two category 5e socket modules determined by considerations of versatility and fully complies with the requirements of ISO/IEC 11801, 2000 edition.
Information on the number of information and power outlets in each room is entered in Table. 9.4.
9.3.2. Horizontal subsystem design
In the building under consideration, there are no large halls and compact isolated groups of users. Based on this, it will not apply the laying of cables under the carpet and it is impractical to implement individual sections and some paths of the horizontal subsystem based on a multi-pair cable. In turn, this means that the SCS does not require transition points and consolidation points.
Thus, the process of designing a horizontal subsystem in this case will be reduced to calculating the scope of delivery of a horizontal cable and determining its design.
The horizontal SCS subsystem is built on the basis of unshielded 4-pair category 5e cables, laid two to each socket block. The required amount of cable is calculated using a statistical method. The reason for its use is the fact that there are more than 42 information outlets on each floor and the requirement for a uniform distribution of outlets over the serviced area has been met.
90 IRs are installed on each floor. In accordance with the justifications, we use floor mounting cabinets to place SCS switching equipment and active LAN network equipment in cross rooms. The minimum height of these constructs will be approximately 35 U.
As an IR with minimum distance from the technical room, we will take socket block number 3 in room 29. IR with the maximum length of cable routing is socket block number 4 in room 14. Calculations of the maximum and minimum lengths of cable transmissions are given in Table. 9.3 and indicate that the maximum value of this parameter does not exceed 70 m. Therefore, the statistical method is applicable to all SMs serviced by switching equipment in this technical room. The length of the cable spent on the implementation of the average transmission, taking into account the 10% technological margin, will be 1.1 x 33.3 = 36.6 m. One standard 1000-foot box of cable will be enough to implement an average of 305 / 36.6 = 8 forwarding. The total number of forwardings on one floor is 2 x 90 = 180, and for their implementation, 23 boxes of 4-pair horizontal cable will be required.
The laying of cables of the horizontal subsystem along the entire length of any route, that is, in the corridors, technical and working rooms of the building, is carried out in closed channels made of fireproof materials. This makes it possible to use a cheaper design of these products with a PVC sheath.
9.3.3. Designing a subsystem of internal highways
The cables of the subsystem of internal highways interconnect the switching equipment installed in the cross rooms and the control room. According to the initial data, these cables transmit mainly information flows created by LAN network equipment and telephone signals of a private exchange. The designed system adopts the principle of using 2-port information sockets at workplaces. There are no outriggers and UPATS concentrators on the floors. Based on these two factors, a significant number of telephone conversations should be expected to be transmitted over the main cables. Based on this circumstance, taking into account the accepted principle of multipoint administration, the following ideology of building a subsystem of internal highways is adopted:
part of the subsystem of internal highways, designed to service the operation of the telephone network, is built on a multi-pair cable of twisted pairs of category 3;
to organize a part of the subsystem of internal highways serving the operation of the LAN, a fiber-optic cable is used;
to increase the operational flexibility and survivability of the system being created, duplication of each pair of fibers with a 4-pair cable of category 5e twisted pairs is used.
In accordance with the initial data, the total height of the building is 16m. Riser channels pass through the technical rooms. Given these circumstances, the maximum length of the backbone cable will be approximately 25 m.
Let's calculate the required total capacitance of cables in pairs/fibers. The designed cable system has a high degree of integration. At the same time, the subsystem of the internal highway is built on the basis of ensuring the functioning of the IR with two socket modules for each workplace. Based on the selected configuration, we assume that for each workplace in the internal backbone of the building, 2 pairs of category 3, 0.4 pairs of category 5e and 0.2 fibers should be provided and, accordingly, for each floor: 180 pairs of category 3, 36 pairs of category 5e and 18 optical fibers. This information allows you to determine the capacity of the main cables and, if necessary, specify their design.
The industry commercially produces Category 3 twisted-pair cables in capacities of 25, 50, and 100 pairs. Therefore, when implementing backbone paths for transmitting UPATS signals, it is advisable to use two 100-pair cables.
Let us determine the capacity and number of optical cables of the internal backbone. It has been established by calculation that for the organization of LAN backbone paths in the "CE - control room" section, in the general case, 18 fibers are required. Due to the peculiarities of their design, internal laying cables of such a capacity have unsatisfactory weight and size characteristics, poor flexibility and increased cost. Therefore, in this particular project, we apply twice a large number of 12 fiber cables. Based on the provisions of Table. 4.6 as a backbone for transmitting LAN signals, you should use a multimode indoor fiber-optic cable with fibers of a traditional type 62.5 / 125, which provide slightly lower input losses and are not so demanding on the quality of installation of optical connector plugs.
Semenov A.B.
9.3.4. Designing a subsystem of external highways
According to the initial data, two 100-megabit information streams should be transmitted along the cable paths of the subsystem of external trunks. In the case of the currently most common Ethernet technology, such paths will require an optical cable containing at least four fibers. In order to increase the operational flexibility of the designed network and create a reserve for the future, in this case we use an 8-fiber cable with twice the capacity. The laying of the cable of the subsystem of external highways is carried out along the sewerage channel with a total length of 1850 m according to the plan in fig. 9.2. Based on this, to organize this line, we select a single-mode external cable. This product has a protective coating of corrugated steel tape and hydrophobic filling of the internal voids of the core to protect against moisture. The cable, in accordance with factory specifications, can be used without any restrictions in cable ducts and has a maximum allowable tensile force ZkN.
The industry produces such cables in accordance with the specifications with a maximum construction length of 4 km, that is, it would be advisable to build the linear part of the external trunk subsystem without installing an intermediate coupling. To select a laying method, we determine the expected pulling force in accordance with the recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union. When performing calculations, the absence of the jamming effect (kM = 1) is assumed, since, according to the initial data, the laying is carried out in a free cable duct channel. The calculation results are summarized in Table. 9.7 and indicate the need to apply one or more methods to reduce the tensile forces to an acceptable value.
To achieve this goal, we will carry out a broach from an intermediate point E, which allows us to reduce the maximum length of the laying route by 500 m and reduce the number of turning points in each section during laying to one. The calculation results (Table 9.8) indicate that in this case the expected tensile force does not exceed 1720 N, which is more than 1.5 times lower than the allowable according to specifications for this type of cable.
The cable entry to the building is located in such a way that the distance from it to the control room is about 8 m, that is, even taking into account the rise from the basement, the length of the cable of the external mains subsystem laid inside the building does not exceed 15 m. This allows the use of a cheaper design with a polyethylene sheath without switching to cables with external non-combustible protective coatings. To organize the laying route inside the building from the cable entry point to the control room, piping is used, which ensures compliance with fire safety standards and reliable protection of the cable from mechanical damage during operation.
The total length of the cable, taking into account the amount of technological margins for laying irregularities and the installation of terminal switching and cutting devices, is defined as 1850 x 1.057 + 2x15 + 2x5 = 1995 m = 2000 m.
9.3.5. Design of the administrative subsystem
9.3.5.1. Selecting the type of switching equipment and the scheme for connecting network devices
As switching equipment in technical rooms we use:
19-inch panels with modular connectors in a fixed configuration - for connecting horizontal subsystem cables;
19-inch type 110 panels - for connecting multi-pair trunk cables of category 3 in storey cross rooms and cross towers of type 110 in the control room;
dial-up panels with modular connectors - for the organization of reserve trunk lines of category 5e;
switching shelves with duplex sockets of a multimode SC type connector - for connecting optical cables of the subsystem of internal highways;
a switching shelf with sockets of a single-mode FC type connector - for connecting an optical cable of the external trunk subsystem.
In all technical rooms of the lower level of this particular project, that is, in the CE, as well as in the control room in the part that serves the jobs on the first floor, the interconnect method will be used to connect high-speed network equipment to the horizontal subsystem. To connect the UPATS cross-connect to the cable system, a cross-cross communication scheme is used.
9.3.5.2. Calculation of the number of switching equipment devices and their accessories
Each technical room of the designed system serves 90 2-port IRs at workplaces. To connect horizontal cables, you will need 2 x 90 / 24 = 8 1 U panels with 24 female connectors. The choice of this particular type of panels is justified by the somewhat lower labor intensity of installation compared to double-height panels.
To connect Category 3 multi-pair cables of the internal trunk subsystem, one 200-pair PO-type panel is required in each enclosure installed in the PV.
Redundant category 5e cables are routed to dial-in panels. Each FE has 9 such cables. Accordingly, 27 category 5e cables are laid into the control room through the riser channels. Therefore, in the designed system, a total of 5 typesetting panels will be required: one in each of the FE and two in the control room.
Socket modules in the panels installed in the EC are mounted on their right side under the up-link ports of the level switches working group. Part of the installation sockets for the socket modules of these panels remains free. In section 9.2.3 cabinets with a glass front door are selected as a mounting structure. Therefore, to improve the aesthetic performance of the switching field, free openings are closed with plugs. The type-setting panel has openings, each of which is designed for the installation of two modules. Then 12-9/2 = 7 openings remain unused in the FE in the typesetting panels, and 2 x 12 - 27 / 2 = 10 openings in the control room, and in total 3x7 + 10 = 31 plugs are needed.
Two 12-fiber optical cables of the internal laying are put into each CE. The 1 U optical shelf for their connection has 2 cable entries and 12 duplex SC sockets, that is, both cables can be cut in one such shelf. Standard splice plate included following elements: a case with a built-in organizer of the technological stock of fibers, two removable holders of sleeves KDZS for 6 seats and a protective cover. Each shelf can be fitted with two splicing plates. To increase the functional flexibility of the created network, we will terminate all the fibers of the cables inserted into the shelf, which will require 24 mounting cords with a multimode SC connector plug. In the control room, we will install 3 similar optical shelves with the same set of accessories. This ensures the unity of the element base used and somewhat simplifies the installation procedure.
The cable of the subsystem of external highways is additionally introduced into the control room. To connect it, a 1 U shelf with 8 single-mode FC sockets is ordered. The connection process uses 8 single-mode mounting cords with FC connector plugs, 8 protective sleeves of the KDZS, one splice plate with a complete set similar to that used in shelves with multimode connectors.
To connect the UPATS to the SCS, a communication scheme between crosses was used. From the SCS side, 2 x 400 = 800 pairs are suitable for the cross. For wiring these pairs, we use two 400-pair wall-mounted cross towers. We will choose similar equipment as an intermediate cross-country of the UPATS cross-country. At the same time, out of eight 100-pair blocks of these towers, seven are intended for connecting internal telephones, and the eighth - for connecting direct city numbers. This option is possible because, in accordance with the initial data, at the first stage of the operation of the information and computing system of the enterprise, the bulk of telephone sets will be operated according to a single-pair scheme. When fully converting to 2-pair, a wall-mounted 100-pair panel can be installed next to the panels, for which there is enough free space in the control room.
The results of calculations of switching equipment installed in technical rooms of various levels are summarized in Table. 9.9.
The smooth operation of the entire future network infrastructure of the enterprise and its service life depend on the competent design of SCS. When designing SCS, all possibilities for expanding the customer's company, changing its structure, number of personnel, increasing the number, purpose and intensity of the use of jobs are taken into account.
- A full range of works on the design of structured cabling systems, installation and maintenance of cable systems
- Selection of the optimal solution.
- Modernization of the existing network infrastructure.
- Designing SCS of any topology, taking into account the requirements of the enterprise.
- Approximate estimate of the cost and functionality of the future structured cabling system.
- Installation and commissioning.
- Testing and marking.
- Diagnostics and preventive maintenance of networks.
- Technical support and service of SCS.
IC "TELECOM-SERVICE" is an experienced network integrator, which employs competent designers who develop optimal solutions for building structured cabling systems.
- When the Customer contacts our company and until the conclusion of the contract for the design of the SCS, the project manager conducts a survey and analysis of all the technical means available to the customer, determines the architecture of the SCS being developed and provides the Customer with a technical and commercial proposal (TCP) with a detailed description of all types of work that will be performed by the specialists of our company and the capabilities of the Customer.
- We offer the Customer a rough estimate of the cost and functionality of the future structured cabling system.
- The specialists of our company, in a timely manner and strictly observing the terms of the contract, perform the entire range of pre-project work and activities related to the design of structured cabling systems and networks.
- EC "TELECOM-SERVICE" develops projects of network infrastructure taking into account the individual needs of the customer, using in the process of creating an SCS project a systematic study of the whole range of problems related to the design of facilities, the implementation and operation of the infrastructure being created.
- Our specialists plan the network infrastructure for the possibility of its further development, i.e., ensure further scaling of the system. The possibility of increasing the capacity of the system allows our customers to save money and technical resources when creating new jobs and moving from floor to floor.
- After the completion of the project, we are ready to take your system for technical support and service.
The cycle of the technical project includes the design of the SCS itself, installation and commissioning, and subsequent maintenance of the facility.
As part of the technical and commercial proposal, the following documents are developed:
The technical project is drawn up at the request of the Customer and is provided after the conclusion of the contract for the design of facilities and systems and before the conclusion of the contract for the installation of SCS.
The project is a detailed document describing all aspects of the SCS implementation. Based on the information provided in the technical design, construction and installation work is carried out. A technical project drawn up professionally and with high quality allows installation of SCS even by independent third-party contractors.
As part of the technical project, the following documents are being developed:
In the working documentation for the design of SCS, the following are specified:
Additionally, for the SCS construction project, the following are being developed:
The following types of organizers are used in the designed cable system:
Horizontal organizers installed in mounting structures;
Vertical organizers installed in cabinets;
Vertical organizers installed next to the cross towers in the control room.
According to the diagram in Fig. 9.6 9 horizontal organizers are required in each of the CEs. The SCS switching equipment and LAN network devices in this case are placed in one mounting cabinet. Therefore, we choose the height of the organizer 1 U. In the control room, in that part of the switching field that performs the functions of the PQ equipment, the required number of organizers coincides with the same PQ parameter (that is, 9 pieces). Type-setting panels of the reserve line of category 5e in the amount of 2 pieces require one organizer, 3 optical shelves - three. Additionally, 2 organizers are provided, mounted above and below the central switch. Thus, in total, 15 organizers will be required in the control room. Summing up the indicated values, we obtain the number of products of this variety included in the specification: 9 x 3 + 15 = 42.
Vertical cable organizers (holders) of cord cables for various purposes in cabinets are installed on mounting rails next to the panels and equipment of individual functional sections of the switching field on both sides of each functionally completed block, that is, a pair for each horizontal organizer and a pair for each 200 - pair panel type 110. Thus, in each cross panel, 22 holders of this type are required. In the control room, the functional section of the horizontal subsystem and network equipment of the LAN workgroup level is serviced by 16 holders, the PBX port display panel by two, optical shelves by six, and category 5e redundant trunk panels by two. Next to the central switch, due to its high height, we install two holders on each side. Thus, a total of 30 holders will be required in the control room.
Summing up the indicated values, we obtain the number of holders entered into the specification: 22 x 3 + 30 = 96. Holder dimensions are chosen equal to 93x80 mm.
Vertical organizers for cross towers in connection with the customer's requirement to use patch cords in this part of the administrative subsystem are installed:
On both sides of the crossing towers;
In accordance with the rules - between the second and third cross towers.
Thus, the total number of vertical organizers is three. The mounting height of the bases of the cross towers is chosen equal to the height of the organizers.
terminal, crossover and patch cords in technical rooms
9.3.7.1. Cross shoes
The following types of cord products are provided in cross-country shoes:
Single-pair combined cords with modular plugs and 110-type plugs at different ends, designed to connect panels of a horizontal subsystem and category 3 trunk;
Optical cords - for connecting optical up-link ports of floor switches of working groups to fiber-optic lines of the internal trunk subsystem;
Spare 4-pair cords with modular plugs - for connecting the electrical ports of the floor hubs to the trunk cable of category 5e.
To calculate the total number of cords of a certain variety, we use a statistical approach. We accept that the supplied cords provide service for 70% of workplaces, and we provide 10% of this amount as part of spare parts and accessories. This means that the specification of the supplied equipment includes a total of 77 cords of the first two types and 8 cords for connecting to uplink ports of floor switches.
In accordance with the initial data, single-pair combined cords will be used for connection to the category 3 trunk.
With the placement of LAN and SCS equipment adopted in the project, shown in Fig. 9.6, the maximum distance between the switches and the category 5e backup trunk panel will not exceed 65 cm. Taking into account the fact that the redundant trunk dial-up panel sockets are located under the up-link sockets of the floor switches, this allows the use of cords 1 m long.
To connect the optical modules of the up-link ports of floor switches, we use cords of a standard length of 3 m.
9.3.7.2. Hardware
The following types of cord products are provided in the equipment room:
Single-pair combined cords with modular plugs and 110-type plugs at different ends, designed to connect the female parts of the connectors of the horizontal subsystem panels and the “degenerate” category 3 trunk connecting the mounting structure and wall-mounted cross towers;
4-pair cords with plugs of modular connectors - for connecting horizontal lines to the ports of floor switches of LAN working groups;
Optical cords - for connecting the optical ports of the central switch of the network to the fiber-optic lines of the internal backbone subsystem;
Optical cords - for connecting the optical ports of the central switch of the network to the fiber-optic lines of the external trunk subsystem;
4-pair cords with plugs of modular connectors - for connecting up-link ports of floor switches of working groups to ports of the central LAN switch;
Reserve 4-pair cords with plugs of modular connectors - for connecting the electrical ports of floor concentrators to the trunk cable of category 5e;
Single-pair cords type 110 - for switching female parts of connectors of cross towers;
25-pair Telco pigtails at one end - for connecting a PBX to its dedicated 100-pair cross tower panel.
To improve the technical and economic indicators of the designed system, the control room additionally performs the functions of the first floor CE. Therefore, the number and distribution by length of the cords of the first two varieties in the control room coincide with similar parameters in any storey cross-country.
The central LAN switch is connected to the up-link ports of the workgroup switches as follows:
Multimode optical cords with SC plugs through optical cables of the internal backbone subsystem - to switches in other cross-connects;
Single-mode optical cords through optical cables of the external trunk subsystem - to a previously built network in another building.
Let us estimate the length of twisted-pair cords of the last variety. From fig. 9.6 it follows that the central switch and switches of the LAN working group level of the information and computing system should be placed in different mounting structures. If they are mounted at the same height, for ease of maintenance, the distance between the communication ports of these devices can only reach 1.5 m horizontally. Therefore, it is advisable to use cords with a length of 2 m. The total number of these cords can be found based on the expected number of switches working groups in the control room and taking into account a 10% reserve will be 8 pieces.
A total of 3 x 8 = 24 multi-mode optical cords, 2+1 = 3 single-mode optical cords will be required to complete the fiber optic connection of the central switch.
To connect the UPATS, mounting cords are used in the form of 25-pair cables with Telco connectors installed at one end. Cords up to 30 m long can be ordered. The distance between the cross towers and the UPATS system unit on the wall of the room is about 1 m. In the process of designing the administrative subsystem, seven 100-pair blocks were allocated for the cross-UPBX, which will allow in the future to switch to connecting 2-pair telephones without any problems. Therefore, the total number of installation cords of the specified type will be: 700 / 25 = 28.
A total of 77 x 4 = 308 single-pair cords with NO connectors will be required to perform switching on the cross towers. We use standard cords 1 m long to perform this operation.
The calculation results are summarized in Table. 9.10.
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