The geoanalytical system "GeoS" is a multifunctional effective toolkit for accounting and analysis of tabular, textual and cartographic business data brought together to solve a wide range of information and analytical tasks with reference to spatial data.
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Test"Automation of the real estate cadastre"
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1.Technology for creating an information geoanalytical system
Geoportal it is a single point of access to geospatial information Russian Federation. The geoportal provides search, viewing, loading of metadata, as well as downloading and publishing spatial data and web services in accordance with access rights and the type of license to use materials.
Geoportal of Roscosmos free mapping serviceFederal Space Agency of Russiaprovidingsatellite imagery and earth maps.
Satellite images provided by Roscosmos and NASA , cartographic data OpenStreetMap and Rosreestr , search tools GeoNames and OpenStreetMap Nominatim . The main sources of data are Russian satellites " Resurs-DK1", "Monitor-E" and "Meteor-M1 ". Also on the service you can get acquainted with collections of data from foreign devices in remote sensing:
Alos, Ikonos, Geoeye, Formosat, SPOT, Quickbird, Rapideye, Terra, Worldview. The launch of information from satellites was planned for 2011. Kanopus-V" and "Resurs-P".
Before the creation of the Geoportal- Russian satellite data were stored in various archives and there was no complete cataloging, which significantly slowed down the execution of requests from satellite imagery customers. The geoportal was created to solve this problem.
Rice. 1: Saratov region (Roscosmos geoportal)
G geoanalytical system "GeoS"
Geoanalytical system "GeoS"- multifunctional effective toolkit for accounting and analysis of combined tabular, textual and cartographic business data for solving a wide range of information and analytical tasks with reference to spatial data.
Geoanalytical system "GeoS" implementedin the form of a WEB solution based on the 1C:Enterprise 8 platform. "GeoS" is installed on a WEB server that interacts with GeoServer and ArcGis Server mapping servers, the System can be accessed through a WEB browser from any workstation connected to the Internet, including mobile devices.
Tasks that it solvesgeoanalytical system "GeoS":
Functions of the geoanalytical system "GeoS":
The advantage of the geoanalytical system "GeoS"
Rice. 2: Intersystem interactiongeoanalytical system "GeoS"
The software product includes:
Creation technologygeoanalytical system "AgroUpravlenie" (on the platform "GeoS")
Purpose of creation
Subsystems geoanalytical system "AgroUpravlenie" (on the platform "GeoS"):
Creation technologygeoanalytical system "AgroUpravlenie" (on the platform "GeoS"):
The results of the creation of the geoanalytical system "AgroManagement" (on the platform "GeoS"):
Rice. 3: Geoanalytical system "AgroUpravlenie" (on the platform "GeoS")
2. Implementation of the FTP "Creation of an automated system for maintaining the state real estate cadastre and state registration of real estate objects"
Full name of the program- Federal target program "Creation of an automated system for maintaining the state land cadastre and state accounting real estate objects (2002 - 2008)" (within its framework, subroutine "Information support for real estate management, reform and regulation of land and property relations" and a subprogram - "Creation of a real estate cadastre system (2006 - 2011)").
The state customer-coordinator of the program is the Ministry economic development Russian Federation, namely : Federal Real Estate Cadastre Agency and Federal Agency for Federal Property Management.
Program goal:
Expected results of the program:
Terms of the program implementation(2002 - 2008):
Implementation of the FTP "Creation of an automated system for maintaining the state real estate cadastre and state accounting of real estate objects" in the Saratov region
On the territory of the Saratov region, the program is being implemented through the creation of multifunctional centers for the provision of state and municipal services (MFC).
Multifunctional center for the provision of state and municipal servicesis a state institution in which maximum conditions have been created to improve the quality of the provision of state and municipal services.
Citizens have the opportunity to receive free advice and a set of services from various departments of federal executive authorities, executive authorities of the Saratov region and local governments.
The center is based onprinciple of "one window"", i.e., simplification of the procedure for collecting certificates and documents necessary for obtaining a particular service (package of documents) by the applicant in the process of applying to the executive authorities for an informed decision when considering documents. As well as transparent and controlled passage of documents at all stages of provision services.
The purpose of the multifunctional center for the provision of state and municipal services iscreation of a new format of relations between the population of the Saratov region and the executive authorities of the Russian Federation.
Terms of service for applicants in the multifunctional center for the provision of state and municipal services:
Addresses of the multifunctional center for the provision of state and municipal services in the Saratov region:
Shortcomings of multifunctional centers for the provision of state and municipal services in the Saratov region:
3. Composition and structure of the algorithm
Algorithm a precise set of instructions describing the course of action to achieve the result of a task.
Algorithm representation methods:
4. Creation of an algorithm by a graphical method (flowchart method) using the example of a lease of a land plot that is in municipal ownership
compilation by municipal authorities
list of plots for rent
carried out by representatives of municipal authorities
auction to determine future tenants
No Yes
winning bidding
determination of the terms of the lease of plots,
municipally owned (4 years)
drawing up a lease agreement
No Yes
negotiation of the terms of the lease agreement
between representatives
municipal government
and tenant
Conclusion of a lease agreement between representatives of the municipal
Power and tenant
Rice. 4: Algorithm generated by graphical method (flowchart method)
5.Services of the portal Rosreestr
Rosreestr ( Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography) - federal agency executive powerwhich performs the functions of organizing a unified system of statecadastral registrationreal estate, state registration of rights to real estate and transactions with it, as well as infrastructurespatial dataRussian Federation.
Services of Rosreestr:
Designing a land cadastral database for a land plot using the example of a plot with a cadastral number 64:48:040221:146
Land cadastral database for a plot with cadastral number 64:48:040221:146:
Rice. 5: Land plot 64:48:040221:146 (Public cadastral map)
Rice. 6: Land plot 64:48:040221:146 (Public cadastral map)
Bibliography:
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The state land cadastre system is essential element management of the land resources of the country, which serves as the information basis for the state management of land resources and economic regulation land relations. The information database of the state land cadastre is based on the accounting system land plots and their main characteristics. Due to the significant volumes of information, the system of the state land cadastre is automated and is maintained according to uniform rules, and the data is entered in the established legislative forms.
The prerequisite for the creation of an information database of the state land cadastre (LC DB) was the Federal Target Program "Creation of an automated system for maintaining the state land cadastre and state registration of real estate objects (2002-2007)", where the need to create a single LC database was declared, which would include information not only about land plots, but also about other real estate objects closely related to them. The result of the formation of this information system should be a database of economically justified taxation and part of real estate, as well as improving the real estate management system. This program is based on the principle that one of the most important strategic goals public policy in the field of creating conditions for sustainable economic development of the Russian Federation is the effective use of land and other real estate of all forms of ownership to meet the needs of society and citizens.
Basis for creation unified base cadastral data on land plots and other real estate objects closely related to them, according to the program under consideration, is the land cadastre system. This is due to a number of reasons:
At the same time, it is necessary to clearly define the concept of other real estate. Article 130 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation defines the following criteria for classifying real estate, according to which all real estate objects can be conditionally divided into three groups:
Thus, before proceeding with the creation of the LC DB, it is necessary to issue a number of legal acts containing lists of other real estate objects and their characteristics that will be included in the LC DB. Such objects of immovable property, in addition to land plots, should include buildings, structures, structures, perennial plantings, isolated water bodies. This list does not include the third group of real estate, which is real estate by law, but not by its essence. This is due to the fact that at the moment there are other accounting systems for these real estate objects, the maintenance of which requires special education and qualifications. Moreover, the presence of information about these objects in the SC database will make it too voluminous and difficult to use. In addition, one of the management principles will be violated - the principle of information balance, according to which any information system should contain the optimal amount of information about the control object. At the same time, optimality is determined by the minimum of data and characteristics about the object, but which at the same time is sufficient for making a rational management decision. For a similar reason, the above list did not include subsoil plots.
To implement the normal functioning of the SC database in order to achieve the maximum economic effect, it is necessary to solve many problems, including:
To date, the legislation provides for the possibility of using software systems to automate the maintenance of the state land cadastre.
As part of the work on the implementation of the Federal Target Program, the Southern Branch of the Federal Cadastral Center "Earth" developed the USRZ software package (PC) as a tool that automates the processes of state cadastral registration and builds an automated database containing information about cadastral registration objects.
PC EGRZ has the following features:
USRZ PC as a tool for conducting state cadastral registration automates four main processes of maintaining state register lands of the cadastral region:
The USRZ PC as an automation tool allows you to avoid accidental errors when entering information into the State Register of the Kyrgyz Republic. This is achieved:
The USRZ PC as a mechanism for creating data banks containing information from the documents of the state land cadastre provides:
Despite the fact that the use of automated systems for maintaining the state land cadastre is provided for by law, the technology for maintaining the state land cadastre using automated systems is currently under development.
All spatial information about accounting objects is displayed in graphical form using the ObjectLand geoinformation system, which has the following capabilities:
The purpose of the creation and development of the AS GKN is to increase the efficiency of decisions made in the field of land and real estate, as well as the quality of technological processes and stimulate investment activities in the real estate market in order to meet the needs of society and citizens.
Main activities:
Development and improvement of the regulatory and methodological framework that ensures the implementation of state policy in the field of maintaining the state real estate cadastre, reforming and regulating land and property relations;
Creation of an automated system of the state real estate cadastre as a single system that operates at all levels of state real estate management, ensuring the consolidation of information about real estate objects at the levels of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, central office Rosnedvizhimost, as well as providing the possibility of public access to the information of the unified real estate cadastre;
Creation of automated systems for state cadastral registration, state cadastral valuation of real estate, state
land control, state monitoring of land;
Socio-economic effect:
Creation of a scientific and methodological base for the rational use of land and other real estate objects owned by the Russian Federation, constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities;
Availability of cadastre information, and as a result, ensuring the transparency of the real estate market;
Simplification of procedures for processing real estate transactions by creating a system of electronic interaction between bodies (organizations) for the formation, cadastral registration, technical inventory, assessment, registration of rights to real estate and transactions with it, state and municipal property management bodies, tax and other authorities ;
Increasing land tax and land rent revenues to the budgets of all levels through the implementation of program activities in 2002-2007 to 292.5 billion rubles, including 78.9 billion rubles to the federal budget, in order to ensure the payback of implementation costs Programs in 2-3 years.
Creation technology
To create the AIS GKN, the latest achievements in the field of information technology are used.
Information about real estate objects enters the system in in electronic format, including the coordinates of the object. Before entering information about an object into a single real estate cadastre, the information is carefully checked for the correctness of semantic and graphic data. When entering into the cadastre, information about objects capital construction linked to information about the land on which they are located. To link objects, their coordinates are used.
prospects
In the future, it is planned to introduce AS GKN into commercial operation in the remaining regions of Russia. The widespread use of the automated information system of the state real estate cadastre greatly contributes to the availability of cadastre information and facilitates the implementation of procedures related to real estate (accounting, transactions, analysis of the current situation with real estate, planning, etc.).
In addition, the widespread introduction of AS GKN ensures the creation of a single information space for the interaction of bodies (organizations) for the formation, cadastral registration, technical inventory, assessment, registration of rights to real estate and transactions with it, for the management of state and municipal property, tax and other authorities .
Automation of the GZK. The world community at the beginning of the 21st century adopted a declaration "On the informatization of society", according to the cat. Every resident has the right to comprehensive information. This information applies not only to the activities of the governing bodies, but also to transactions with NJ property. By order of the Government 363-R, the program “Creation of automation. systems GZK "and state. Accounting for NDJ Property for 2002-2007”. The main goals of this program were:
1) development of regulatory and methodological documents in the field of land and property relations;
2) delimitation of state. property for private, municipal property of the Russian Federation and subjects of the Russian Federation;
3) the creation of an AS for accounting for NDZH property and training in the field of land management.
In the process of implementing this program, a significant place is given to links with international projects (TACIS), which are created to achieve specific goals. For example, the creation of modern technological equipment, the development of a normative and methodological base for maintaining a cadastre. From April 2004 work has begun on the reorganization of the Russian cadastre service. The goals and objectives of the automation program have not changed, but the issues of the formation of the OH market have been added to them. All efforts of Rosnedvizhimost are aimed at meeting the needs of clients in the field of transactions. To do this, fundamentally new GKU systems will be introduced in stages, to which the fathers can connect. and abroad. org-tion. Tech. accounting of capital construction objects is carried out on the basis of the cadastre of ON. Recently, through the efforts of various specialists, a number of software systems have been created: a single state. register of capital construction objects (EGROKS), Taganrog-South USRZ software package, St. Petersburg USRZ PC, Nsk Geopolis, Nsk Geocad, Yekaterinburg cad.office. In addition, there are developments on the formation of land surveys. affairs and cad. OH assessment. Automating inventory management not only reduces consumer concerns, but also provides strong data protection. In present time, the program “Creation of a cad. real estate” for 2006-2011. Within the framework of this program, AS GZK and OH accounting are proposed. This system provides in an automated mode for receiving and issuing documents, GKU and maintaining directories. The introduction of this system eliminates the separate accounting of memory and OH, forms a single state. information resource for accounting and evaluation of personal income, eliminates losses budget funds by creating a single database and simplifies the procedure for processing transactions with NJ property. Information about the UN, including the coordinates, will be sent to the central authorities in electronic form. In present time in pilot mode, automation is being introduced. cadastre system OH - a unified system of cadastre NJ (EKON), which is a hierarchical system consisting, like the SLC, of 3 levels: federations, constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities. levels. The main subsystems of EKON are:
1.Formation of OH:
1.1.Preparation of data and compilation of technical. assignments for conducting s / devices. works
1.2.Automated processing of s / devices. and cad.works
1.3 Control of coordinate determination and area calculation
1.4.Identification of restrictions in the use of objects
1.5. Maintaining databases of intersigns and reference network
1.6. Information exchange with other subsystems
2. GKU ON, cat. intended for:
2.1. Accounting for the main characteristics and assignments of cad. numbers
2.2. Maintaining the DCC (desk cad. card.) and the history of OH
3. Cadastral valuation, cat. provides:
3.1.Information economy support. zoning of territories and exchange of information
4. Formation and accounting of territorial zones:
4.1. Accounting for applications for the formation of territorial zones
4.2. Formation of the characteristics of those. assignments at the request of authorities
4.3. Accounting for those ass and dissemination of information about them
5. Creation of prerequisites for the formation of the real estate market:
5.1. Clarification of regulations for each memory
5.2. Concentration of information about OH
6. Provision of information to legal entities and individuals:
6.1. Providing information about OH in the form of passports.
28. Preparation of information for the state cadastral registration.
The State Real Estate Cadastre is a systematized set of information about registered real estate, as well as information about the passage of the State Border of the Russian Federation, about the borders between the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the borders of municipalities, the borders of settlements, about territorial zones and zones with special conditions use of territories, other information provided for by the Federal Law "On the State Cadastre of Real Estate" (FZ-221).
Cadastral registration - entering information about real estate into the cadastre, confirming the existence of specific real estate objects with characteristics that make it possible to determine the real estate object as an individually defined thing or confirm the termination of the existence of the real estate object. Cadastral registration is carried out in relation to land plots, buildings, structures, premises, objects of construction in progress.
Cadastral registration and maintenance of the state real estate cadastre are carried out by the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography.
The maintenance of the state real estate cadastre is carried out on the basis of the principles of the unity of the technology of its maintenance throughout the Russian Federation, ensuring the general availability and continuity of updating the information contained in it, comparability of cadastral information with information contained in other state information resources.
Preparation of technical documents necessary for cadastral registration is carried out by cadastral engineers. A cadastral engineer may carry out cadastral activities as an individual entrepreneur or as an employee of a legal entity on the basis of employment contract with such a legal entity.
Information about the unique characteristics of the property is entered into the cadastre:
the type of property;
cadastral number and date of entering the number in the cadastre;
description of the location of the boundaries of the property, if the property is a land plot;
description of the location of the real estate object on the land plot, if the object is a building, structure or an object of construction in progress;
the cadastral number of the building or structure in which the premises are located, the floor number, a description of the location of the premises within the floor, or within the building or structure, or within a part of the building or structure, if the property is a room;
area of the property.
Additional information about the real estate object is also entered into the cadastre, in particular, information about the previously assigned state registration number (cadastral, inventory, conditional), if such a number was assigned before assignment cadastral number in accordance with the Law, information about the address of the object, property rights to it, the purpose of the building, structure or premises, natural objects within the land plot, etc.
In the information about the State Border of the Russian Federation, the borders of the subjects of the Russian Federation, municipalities, in addition to describing the location of the borders, the details of international treaties and legal acts establishing these borders are indicated.
The cadastre consists of three sections: the register of real estate objects (a document with records about a real estate object in text form), cadastral files (a set of completed and systematized documents, on the basis of which the relevant information was entered into the cadastre) and cadastral maps.
Registration of a real estate object and deregistration of an object by entering relevant information into the cadastre is carried out in connection with the formation or creation of a real estate object, its termination or a change in the unique characteristics of the object or information about it.
Cadastral registration is carried out in the cadastral district within which the property is located, within twenty working days at the request of the owners of the property, their representatives or other persons (for example, any person can apply for registration of property other than the owners, and applications the deregistration of buildings, structures, objects of construction in progress and premises may apply, in addition to their owners, also to the owners of the land plots on which the said real estate objects were located).
An application for cadastral registration must be accompanied by a document confirming the payment of the state fee for the implementation of cadastral registration, a land survey plan (when registering or changing the unique characteristics of a land plot), a technical plan of a building, structure, premises or object under construction, an inspection certificate confirming the termination the existence of a real estate object (when it is deregistered), copies of documents certifying the rights to a real estate object, copies of documents confirming that the land plot belongs to a certain category of land and the permitted use of the land plot, as well as the purpose of the building or premises (if this information changes).
The boundary plan, the technical plan of the building, structure, premises or object of construction in progress, the survey certificate confirming the termination of the existence of the property, under an agreement with the applicants, are prepared by cadastral engineers. The cadastral engineer also draws up an agreement on the location of the boundaries of the land plot with the owners of adjacent plots, which is carried out in the process of preparing the boundary plan.
When deciding on the implementation of cadastral registration, the applicant is issued a cadastral passport of the property (when registering such an object) or a cadastral extract about the property (when entering new information about the property, entering information about the part of the property that is subject to restriction of property rights, as well as when removing the property from the register).
1.1 History of the development of the state real estate cadastre
1.2 The procedure for maintaining the state real estate cadastre
1.3 Overview of modern computer technologies used in the maintenance of the state real estate cadastre
Section 2. Characteristics of the object of study
2.1 Natural and economic conditions of the Zaigraevsky district
2.2 Structure of the land fund of the Zaigraevsky district
Section 3
3.1 Using the software package for receiving and issuing documents of the PK PVD in the Zaigraevsky district documentation structure
3.2 Cadastral registration of the property
3.3 State registration of rights to the property
Section 4. The effectiveness of maintaining the state real estate cadastre using computer technology
4.1 Types of effectiveness of the state real estate cadastre
4.2 Automated GKN system
An example of calculating the economic efficiency of the creation and implementation of the AIS GKN at the level of the cadastral district (Zaigraevsky district).
Section 5 Life Safety
5.1 General
5.2 Personnel requirements
5.3 Provision of protective equipment
5.4 Requirements for the organization of safe field work
5.5 Sanitation and hygiene in the field
5.6 Fire safety requirements during work
5.7 Protection of the public in emergencies
Conclusion
List of sources used
Section 1. Theoretical foundations for maintaining the state real estate cadastre and the process of its automation
The history of the development of the state real estate cadastre in Russia is determined primarily by the level of economic development and the nature of property relations. And this story begins with the formation of the state and the development of taxation. The first censuses of lands with characteristics of their quality and quantity date back to the 12th century.
The brightest and Full description land holdings in Russia refers to the period of the elimination of feudal fragmentation and the emergence of a centralized state. The descriptions provided information about the amount of land in the possessions, an assessment of these lands was given by bringing them to certain conventional units.
To describe the land in the XVI century. A special institution was created - the Local Order, which became the nationwide leading center, uniting all land surveying, cadastral and serf work. The scribe's order of 1622 entrusted the scribes with the measurement of arable land, fallows, hayfields, forests and other lands.
The next stage in the development of the real estate cadastre was due to the policy of Peter I, he destroyed the estate system, equalized the former estates with estates and introduced a poll tax. The first general land surveying was started in 1754. It was based on a scribe's order of 1684 and, in addition to taking into account land, was aimed at depriving property rights and seizing lands that did not correspond to documents.
Further development and improvement of the system of accounting and evaluation of land resources was stimulated by such landmark reforms as the abolition of serfdom in 1861, which provided for the redemption of land by peasants from landlords, the abolition of the collection of redemption payments in 1905 and the Decree of 1906, giving peasants the right to allocate or leaving the communities.
New agrarian policy of Russia 1906 - 1910. associated with the name of Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin. On November 19, 1906, the Decree of Emperor Nicholas II - "On the amendment and addition of certain resolutions on peasant land ownership" was issued. The main content of the reform was the destruction of the community and the planting of private peasant land ownership.
The law of 1910 even more rigidly pursued the line of liquidation of the community and the transition to private peasant land ownership. It provided for the obligatory transition to personal ownership of land in communities. In these communities, the peasants automatically became the new owners of their allotments.
After 1917, land relations in Russia changed dramatically. One of the first legislative acts on land was the Decree "On the socialization of land" of 1918, and this act fixed the national ownership of land, the labor nature of land use, and established an equal right to use land, based on the consumer-labor norm of land use on agricultural land. And the provisions "On socialist land management" and "On measures of transition to socialist land use" of 1919 fixed two main forms: state and collective. At the same time, the land actually ceased to be an object of taxation. At the same time, the state needed information about the land. This need determined the composition of the information of the land cadastre and the procedure for its maintenance.
The cadastre was a single book of registration information on land users, as well as quantitative and qualitative characteristics of land.
After the nationalization of Russian lands, until the time when amendments were made to the 1976 Constitution of the RSFSR in 1990, they did not know the right to private property. They were transferred without payment to individuals and legal entities for perpetual, indefinite use.
Between November 1989 and March 1990, the Supreme Soviet of the USSR adopted laws on rent, property and land. These laws allowed citizens to rent land both inside and outside collective farms and state farms.
In December 1991, the Decree of the President "On urgent measures to carry out land reform" and the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On the procedure for the reorganization of collective farms and state farms" were issued. On the basis of these documents, collective farms and state farms had to decide on the transition to private ownership.
On October 11, 1991, the Law "On payment for land" was adopted, which established that the use of land in the Russian Federation is paid. The forms of payment for land are land tax, rent, payment for temporary use of land, payment for the acquisition of land in ownership, payment for the acquisition of the right to lease land, compensation payments for losses in agricultural production, payment for the use of land when establishing an easement.
August 1992, the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On improving the maintenance of the state land cadastre in the Russian Federation" approved the Regulations on the procedure for maintaining the state cadastre, recognized the need to coordinate the maintenance of the land cadastre, ensure a phased transition to an automated method for obtaining, processing, storing and providing its data . In addition, the need to conduct an inventory of the lands of settlements was indicated.
Important were the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 27, 1993 "On the regulation of land relations and the development of agrarian reform in Russia" and the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, which classified land plots and everything that is firmly connected with them as real estate. In December 1993, decrees of the President of the Russian Federation were issued: "On Taxation of the Sale of Land Plots and Operations with Land"; "On the state land cadastre and registration of documents on the rights to real estate"; "On strengthening state control over the use and protection of land during the land reform"; Regulations on the procedure for exercising state control over the use and protection of land in the Russian Federation; Basic provisions on the pledge of real estate - mortgage.
The adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation on December 12, 1993 resolved the main controversial issue in the field of land relations. The Constitution enshrined the right of private ownership of land in the Russian Federation and the freedom to dispose of land as one of the fundamental inalienable human rights protected by law.
The first normative, legal document was the federal law"On the State Land Cadastre", which was adopted on January 2, 2000.
The content of the land cadastre includes obtaining reliable information about land plots and territorial zones as the main units of cadastral registration. All other actions (maintenance and current accounting of lands, drawing up a balance of lands, appraisal of soils and economic valuation of lands, public administration land resources, etc.) are included in the land information system [!].
In July 2007, the law "On the State Cadastre of Real Estate" introduced by the Government of the Russian Federation was adopted. This law gives the basic concepts of what the formation of real estate objects is, i.e. the process when a real estate object is separated from the material world and becomes legally fit, legally capable, including for the subsequent registration of rights to this object.
computer technology real estate cadastre
The cadastral system provides right holders with guarantees of rights to property, tax authorities - with up-to-date information about objects of taxation, the real estate market - with reliable information about land plots and related improvements, the system of state and municipal authorities - with data for the formation of state policy in the field of land use, real estate accounting and development of territories.
The adoption of a new law on the state real estate cadastre, which came into force on March 1, 2008, poses new challenges for the development of appropriate approaches and methodologies for practical application. The law has several changes and innovations. In particular, the law clearly and in detail fixes the provision on the process of formation of objects of cadastral registration.
Since March 1, 2009, there has been a merger of organizations: the Federal Agency for Cadastre of Real Estate<#"564525.files/image001.gif">
Figure 1 - Production structure of the Zaigraevsky district, 2011
Onokhoy Oil and Fat Plant IP Kungurov Andrey Nikolaevich (147.7 million rubles);
LLC "Agro-V", head Sinyavina Galina Lifanovna (42.0 million rubles);
"BMF" LLC, head Maria Filippovna Bogomolova (26.7 million rubles).
The area has an impressive natural resource potential, which makes it possible to develop mining enterprises and such a promising area as the construction industry. Significant reserves of dolomites, perlites, limestones are concentrated in our bowels.
The extraction of minerals is carried out by Mining Company LLC, which is part of Siberian Cement Holding Company OJSC, 000 Perlit, Dolomite Quarry OJSC. Today Zaigraevskaya Mining Company is the main supplier of raw materials for cement and carbide production. There are also great prospects for the Mukhortala perlite deposit.
Small business has been developing in the region lately, IP Kungurov, 000 "Kolosok", OOO "Agro-V", whose products are in constant demand not only in the region, but also in the republic, are especially successful.
Entrepreneur A.N. Kungurov is engaged in the production of mayonnaise, sour cream. In 2001, he installed equipment for the refining and deodorization of vegetable oil and its bottling, began the production of five types of soft oils, margarine products. Currently, the enterprise produces over 40 types of products - butter, margarine products, mayonnaise in assortment, sour cream 25%, packaged whole milk powder, refined deodorized sunflower oil, unrefined sunflower oil. The production is being updated, new technological lines are being introduced, workshops for the production of butter, production and bottling of vegetable oil have been built, warehouses equipment is being replaced with a more efficient one. Not only the range of manufactured products is expanding, but also its volumes, gross income is increasing every year, for example, in 2007 it increased by 140% and amounted to 122,950.3 thousand rubles. This year, new equipment was purchased, it is planned to organize the production of fat-free cottage cheese, processed cheese "Nezhenka" and smoked sausage cheese.
Among other processing enterprises, Agro-V LLC, which produces canned vegetables from its own local raw materials, has good prospects. The quality of canned vegetables "Agro-V" is excellent. Among them, pickle occupies a special place. It is thanks to the excellent taste qualities of these products that Agro-V LLC became the winner of the republican contest "The Best Product - 2006". In 2007, the company produced a variety of tasty products for 18816.0 thousand rubles. The program of socio-economic development of the republic for 2008-2010 and until 2017 provides for the implementation of investment projects to create new industries, including the processing of wild plants.
LLC "Kolosok" since 2006 has been operating under the trademark "Schedroff" in the district in the village of Zaigraevo. It produces over 100 types of environmentally friendly natural food products. These are meat and meat and vegetable semi-finished products, boiled, smoked and semi-smoked sausages, confectionery and bakery products.
Production volume Agriculture in 2011 in current prices amounted to 981.7 million rubles, for the program - 108%, by 2010 - 106%. Figure 2 shows the dynamics of production of the main agricultural products:
Figure 2 - Dynamics of agricultural production in the Zaigraevsky district
From the figure, we see that only grain production has decreased in the region, the reason for the decrease is the drought in June-July 2011.
State support for the development of agricultural production in 2011 amounted to 52.25 million rubles, which is 3.1 times more than in 2010. 33.29 million rubles came from the federal budget, 18.96 million rubles from the republican budget. State support has been received for the following activities:
for the development of the livestock industry 22.13 million rubles;
14.82 million rubles for the development of the plant growing industry;
for improvement activities living conditions citizens within the FTP " social development villages until 2013" - 0.68 million rubles;
to subsidize the interest rate on loans received from credit institutions - 14.57 million rubles.
The district administration has developed a program of socio-economic development for the short term - three years, and - long-term until 2017, which is linked to the district budget. There are programs at the settlement level, where emphasis is placed on the development of small business and agriculture. All this should give a real improvement in people's lives, solve the problem of employment of the population of the region.
The territory of the district is located in the central part of the Republic of Buryatia, borders on the city of Ulan-Ude, Tarbagatai, Ivolginsky, Pribaikalsky, Mukhorshibirsky, Kizhinginsky, Khorinsky districts and the Chita region. There are 43 settlements on the territory of the Zaigraevsky district.
The area of the Zaigraevsky district within the administrative boundaries of the district is 660224 hectares, including by category:
Agricultural land - 147240;
Lands of settlements - 4499;
Lands of industry, transport, communications, defense and other purposes - 19771;
Forest fund lands - 468860;
Reserve lands - 19872;
including the redistribution fund - 8594;
Figure 3 - Distribution of the land fund of the Zaigraevsky district by land categories
567279 hectares are in state ownership, 83321 hectares are in the ownership of citizens, legal entities- 9642 ha.
The land of settlements in the total area is 4499 hectares. Of these, 2,971 hectares are owned by citizens, 19 hectares are legally owned, and 1,509 hectares are state and municipal property.
The lands of industry, transport and other special purposes amount to 1977 hectares and are in state and municipal ownership.
Of these, industrial land is 1567 hectares; transport land - 2374 hectares, including railway - 1416 hectares, automobile - 958 hectares; communication lands are 28 hectares; defense and security lands - 15114 hectares; land for other special purposes is 668 hectares.
Figure 4 - Distribution of the land fund of the Zaigraevsky district by forms of ownership
The lands of the forest fund occupy 468,860 hectares and are in state ownership.
Agricultural land is 147,240 hectares, of which 80,350 hectares are owned by citizens, 9,623 hectares are owned by legal entities, and 57,267 hectares are state and municipal property.
Agricultural land is land used or intended for the cultivation of agricultural products. They make up 14% of agricultural land - 92275 ha, including: arable land - 26427 ha, fallow land - 8979 ha, perennial plantations - 1772 ha, hayfields - 13451 ha, pastures - 41646 ha.
Compared to 2010, the area by type of property remained unchanged, except for the fact that 12 hectares of land were transferred from the property of legal entities to the property of citizens.
In total, in 2011, the Committee processed more than 3 thousand appeals from legal entities and individuals on issues of land relations, on which 1324 decisions of the Committee on the provision of land plots were prepared and adopted, of them:
· in the property free of charge - 100 solutions;
· for rent - 180 solutions;
· into property for a fee - 1003 decisions;
· for permanent perpetual use - 41 solutions.
Table 2 - Number of provided land plots by years
For permanent perpetual use Ownership for free Ownership for a fee Total granted Figure 5 - The number of provided land plots by years. The list of categories of citizens entitled to free land plots in the Zaigraevsky district has been expanded. At the same time, the number of applications to the Committee on the issue of free provision of land plots also increased. If in 2010 there were 120 appeals, then for the reporting period as of January 1, 2011. the Committee received 350 applications,
which is 3 times more than in the previous year. Thus, at present, the total number of those in need, taking into account 2011. is 560. Operational documentation for the software package contains general information about PC PVD: its purpose and functionality, principles of organization and architecture, interactive environment and ways of user interaction with the complex. The documentation set consists of two basic manuals - the Administrator's Guide and the User's Guide. The Administrator's Guide describes the features of installing the HPHP PC, setting up its interface, setting default values, working with user accounts, and also contains a description of the principles of working with entities common to all technological procedures, the features of adding, modifying or deleting them. The user manual consists of the following components:
General characteristics - describes the purpose, nature of use and general functionality of the complex; indicates what is necessary to start working with the PC PVD; explains the key concepts of the complex, the principles of organizing data and control in the PC PVD, describes the structure of information objects and the organization of software modules designed to process them, as well as the basic concepts and elements of the user interface of the PC PVD: windows of various types, information fields and their types, structure menus, command buttons
Call processing stages - describes the process of receiving, processing and recording calls. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS PURPOSE AND FUNCTIONAL CAPABILITIES OF THE SOFTWARE COMPLEX PC PVD is designed to accept documents for the implementation of actions related to state cadastral registration and state registration of rights in unified reception offices, as well as to issue documents based on the results of accounting or registration actions. The operator workstation provides the following functions: Registration of accepted documents; Information support for making a decision to suspend or refuse to conduct cadastral registration, including the analysis of information about the objects of registration available in the adopted documents drawn up in electronic form; Monitoring the execution of registered appeals to the CMO or USRR (applications or requests); Registration of applications for the provision of information to the State Property Committee and the USRR; Print receipts, applications and requests, notices of refusal and notices of suspension, etc. Printing of created documents intended for issuance to applicants; Fixing the facts of receipt of documents by interested parties. In addition, the PVH PC client provides the ability to set up and configure software package (in accordance with the rights assigned by the user). OBJECTS PC GKN Information object structure An information object is a description of a document (for example, a title document), an individual (for example, a copyright holder) stored in the database of the complex. An information object is characterized by attributes. Object attributes are used to represent in the database the characteristics of accounting objects, title and other documents, elements of classifiers and directories, as well as to reflect information links between objects. An example of attributes for a land plot information object:
Cadastral number.
Mailing address.
Square. The attribute can be composite, i.e. consisting of separate parts. An example of a composite attribute Postal address in a land record: Postcode, Region, District, City, Street, House, etc. In addition, some attributes may be plural in nature (multiple attribute), i.e. consist of several records, which themselves are information objects. BOOKS accounting Books of accounting, in which appeals and outgoing documents are registered, are of the following types. To account for incoming applications, requests and documents submitted with them, the following is maintained at the offices for receiving and issuing documents:
Call book;
Book of accounting for incoming documents (EGRP);
Book of registration of applications (GKN);
Book of registration of requests (GKN / USRR). To record the facts of the issuance of documents formed by the bodies that maintain the State Property Committee and the USRR, a book of records of issued documents is maintained at the offices for receiving and issuing documents. BASICS OF WORKING WITH THE SOFTWARE COMPLEX Software package interface The interface of the PC PVD is based on the Windows application user interface standard and involves the use of menus, tabs and an advanced system of prompts. POU window The main windows of the program modules that are part of the PC PVD have common features. In each such window, several parts can be distinguished (Fig. 6).
The title bar of the main window is used to move, minimize, maximizing and closing the window.
The menu is used to provide access to module commands.
The workspace, which contains internal (working) windows that provide access to the information objects of the complex, or to information about received, executed and completed cases on appeals. Fig.6. Window of the module "Receiving and issuing documents" Work with requests is performed in windows, an approximate view of which is shown in Fig.7. Each window contains the following elements:
The page panel in the left part of the window contains a list of operations that must be performed during the technological procedure. Switching between operations can be done either by pressing the Back and Forward buttons in the lower left part of the screen, or by directly selecting the operation using the mouse or keyboard.
The tab bar, which occupies the main part of the window, is intended for entering data in accordance with the current operation.
The menu bar at the top of the screen, as in the previous example, provides access to commands for the current operation. For some operations, the menu field may not be available.
The buttons for completing the operation - Finish and Cancel - are designed to complete the procedure with saving the entered data or to cancel the data entry for the procedure and exit it without saving the entered information. If the operation associated with the button has several execution options, then the button has an icon, clicking on which opens a drop-down menu with a list of available options. To select a field value from the drop-down list, press the I. button; to the right of this field. To close the working window, press the L button in the right field of the working window strip. Clicking on x is equivalent to clicking on the Cancel button. In the event that the information in the window is presented in the form of a table (Fig. 3), then there are the following options for setting up information in the table: Editing a table row. Record editing mode is activated by pressing the left mouse button on the field to be edited or by pressing F2. For entries, the functions Undo, Cut, Copy, Paste, Delete, Select All are available. The editing context menu is called by pressing the right mouse button in the editing mode on the field to be edited (Fig.3). Adding table rows. To do this, move the cursor to the bottom line of the table. The bottom line is empty and is the line to add. It must be put into edit mode, enter data and move to another line. Removing lines. To do this, select a table row and press the Delete key. Table columns can be arranged in any order; To move a column, just drag the column header to the desired position while holding down the left mouse button. To delete a table column, just drag the column header into the window field (when dragging, a strikethrough header will be displayed) To copy the contents of a cell in the table, click on the desired entry (the cell will change the fill color to white) and press the key combination Ctrl - Ins. To sort records, left-click on the column heading (sorting sequentially switches to "Descending" and "Ascending" modes), To group records in the window, you need to move the mouse pointer to the column header by which you want to group, click the left mouse button and, without releasing the button, drag the header to the inscription "To group records, move the column header into this field" (the so-called "Group area "); the same operation is performed by the context menu command Group by this column. Fig.8. Reference book tab After the command is executed, the data will be grouped by the selected field, they can be viewed either in collapsed mode (only the value of the grouping field is displayed) or in expanded mode (all rows of the table corresponding to this field are displayed under the grouping field value); switching modes is performed by pressing the buttons ± and i, respectively. Multiple field headers can be provided to organize the grouping tree. Main menu The main menu contains the following set of commands: F isle - PC control Settings- PC settings Exit- exit from the software package View- control the display of windows and tabs of the PC Reception of appeals- a list of technological procedures that the current operator can start Received- view a list of tasks that are on a route step that can be completed by the current user Executable- view the list of tasks performed by the current user Completed- view a list of cases whose steps were completed by the current user, but not taken by anyone in another step Search- open search window Background tasks- list of background tasks that are currently running error reporting Messages Service- group of service commands Users- opens a window with a list of accounts users accounting books- opens a window with a list of accounting books Log of obtaining information from MD Log of sending information to MD Transport Issue by barcode Attach images to case by barcode Directory of appeals Holiday and weekend calendar Window- management of open windows PC close all- closes all open windows List of open windows(including search box as well as report about errors and warnings) Autofill fields The PC PVD implements the function of auto-completion of fields. This function is provided for any field from the group Document address and activated by pressing hotkeys Ctrl+Space or by pressing the button for autocomplete, located to the right of the field, with a hint Copy from structured address (Ctrl-Space). Search To call the search form, select the menu item View and run the command Search(hot key F3). A window will open in which you need to specify the search parameters. The search can be carried out for the following objects: It's a matter of work Closed case The search type is selected using the drop-down list. STAGES About APPLICATION PROCESSING When processing requests, the following actions are available: Reception- designed to receive and record applications.
Scanning- designed for scanning and linking scanned images of documents to the description of the document in circulation
Seal- designed to print outgoing documents received electronically in one of the following formats (HTML, PDF, JPG, GIF, TIF, RTF).
extradition- designed to record the fact of issuing a document with the preservation of information about the person who received the document, the date and time of receipt of the document, the person who issued the document. Entering Case Details Depending on the selected actions, the user will have access to forms for entering information on the corresponding actions (hereinafter handling information). When performing this stage, you must enter information on the following pages: Information about applicants 2. Information about the object Submitted Documents Payment documents Appeal DATA CORRECTION
When uploading data, they are verified. All errors that can be detected fall into two classes: predictable and unpredictable.
Foreseeable errors are associated with errors in the attributes of the input data and must be corrected by the operator at the previous stages of working with the case of the appeal. If errors of this class are detected, the entire package proceeds to the stage of correcting information, corresponding to the first technological operation - Receiving a request. An error message is entered in the exchange error log with the dispatch module. After the correction, the data packet is re-verified. If the error has been corrected, then the error record is removed; if the errors persist, the error record is updated and the batch goes back to the data correction stage.
Unpredictable errors mainly include errors related to the technical organization of the process of uploading and transmitting a data package (for example, insufficient free disk space or lack of connection to the required server). If such an error occurs, an error message is entered in the exchange error log with the dispatching module, but the matter remains at the data upload stage, and the software will try to repeat the problematic operation in the future, with the specified data upload frequency. An application for state cadastral registration of a real estate object contains the following basic details: addressee, i.e. abbreviated name of the organization that carries out the setting of land plots for cadastral registration - TO FGU ZKP for the Zaigraevsky district; the applicant's questionnaire, drawn up in the form of a table, containing information about: the applicant (the person who submitted the application); land plots, the legal owner of which is the applicant; documents attached to the application; addresses, phone numbers of the applicant or his representative; method of obtaining a cadastral passport; signature of the applicant (or representative of the applicant for legal entities). Article 22 of the Federal Law "On the State Cadastre of Real Estate" dated July 24, 2007 No. 221 contains a list of documents required for cadastral registration. In the absence of one of the documents required for cadastral registration, the applicant is verbally explained that, in accordance with Part 4, Clause 1, Article 26 of the said Real Estate Cadastre Law, cadastral registration will be suspended until additional submission of missing documents. A certified copy of the registered application acts as a receipt issued to the applicant. On a copy of the territorial department of the Rosreestr Office, a mark is placed on receipt of a receipt (copy of the application) by the applicant. To register the received documents, separate books of records of documents are entered indicating the time and date of receipt of such documents. In accordance with paragraph 32 of the Procedure for maintaining the state real estate cadastre, approved by order of the Ministry of Justice dated February 20, 2008 No. 35, from March 1, 2008, the cadastral registration authorities, when performing cadastral procedures, must verify the documents submitted for cadastral registration. The results of the verification are documented in the form of a document verification protocol. The document verification protocol contains a conclusion on each type of verification, as well as all identified grounds for suspending or refusing to conduct cadastral registration. Documents are checked in the following areas: verification of the credentials of the applicant; checking for completeness of documents; verification of documents in the form and content of the information required for cadastral registration; checking for compliance with the information of the State Property Committee, including graphic display. Also, the protocol reflects the identification number of the registration file, which coincides with the application number, the applicant, the name of the cadastral procedure (state cadastral registration of the property), the official who conducted the inspection and the date of the inspection. Registration of a real estate object, in particular a land plot, is carried out within a period of not more than twenty working days from the date of receipt by the cadastral registration authority of the corresponding application for cadastral registration. Cadastral registration is carried out at the location of the property in the cadastral district within which the property is located. After entering information into the documents of the State Property Committee, all information must be checked for compliance with the documents of the case on the application. In the course of the audit, all information in the documents of the State Property Committee is certified. Cadastral passport land plot, intended to provide information from the state real estate cadastre, necessary for state registration of rights and restrictions (encumbrances) of rights, includes sections B.1 - B.4. If there are no coordinates of characteristic points of the land plot boundary in the state real estate cadastre, section B.2 is not drawn up. Sections B.3 and B.4 are drawn up only if the relevant information is available in the state real estate cadastre. In our case, sections B.3 and B.4 are not drawn up. The next stage is the formation of the cadastral file. All documents on the basis of which the procedures for the formation of a land plot and its accounting were carried out are transferred to the cadastral file with the number of the land plot. The composition of the cadastral file necessarily includes an inventory of documents. The cadastral file is a set of duly completed documents confirming the fact of the emergence or existence of a land plot as an object of state cadastral registration. In accordance with Part 2 of Article 23 of the Law "On the State Real Estate Cadastre" when registering a land plot as a real estate object, in the event that an appropriate decision is made on the implementation of cadastral registration, starting from the working day following the day of expiration of the specified law period (20 days), is obliged to issue to the applicant personally against receipt of the cadastral passport of the property. In our case, the cadastral passport of the land plot. The date of completion of cadastral registration is the day when the cadastral registration authority enters into the state real estate cadastre: ) information about the cadastral number assigned to the relevant property (when registering the property); ) new information about the relevant real estate object (when taking into account changes in the real estate object, accounting for a part of the real estate object or taking into account the address of the right holder); ) information about the termination of the existence of the real estate object (when deregistration of the real estate object). When registering a real estate object, accounting for changes in a real estate object, accounting for a part of a real estate object or deregistering a real estate object, the cadastral registration authority, in the event that an appropriate decision is made on the implementation of cadastral registration, starting from the working day following the day of the expiration of the period, is obliged to issue to the applicant or his representative personally against receipt: ) cadastral passport of the real estate object (when registering such a real estate object); ) a cadastral extract on a real estate object containing new information about such a real estate object entered into the state real estate cadastre during cadastral registration (taking into account changes in such a real estate object); ) a cadastral extract on a real estate object containing information entered into the state real estate cadastre during cadastral registration on the part of such a real estate object that is subject to restriction (encumbrance) of property rights (when taking into account a part of such a real estate object); ) a cadastral extract on a real estate object containing information entered into the state real estate cadastre on the termination of the existence of such a property (when such a property is deregistered). The number of registered real estate objects in the Zaigraevsky district of the Republic of Belarus is presented in Table 2 and Figure 3. Table 3 - Number of land plots put on cadastral registration
Figure 6 - The number of land plots put on cadastral registration in the period from 2005 - 2011 The increase in the number of land plots put on the cadastral register until 2009 can be justified by the influence of key factors, primarily changes in legislation: the federal law "On the State Real Estate Cadastre" that has entered into force, various targeted programs at the federal and local levels, the adoption of Chapter 31 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, which introduced fundamental changes in the procedure for calculating tax base land tax (the tax base is the cadastral value of the land plot). The main factor in increasing the number of registered land plots is the formation of collective non-profit associations of citizens in the form of DNT, SNT. After 2009, the formation of such associations decreased, which was reflected in the total number of registered land plots. State registration of rights to real estate and transactions with it is a legal act of recognition and confirmation by the state of the emergence, restriction (encumbrance), transfer or termination of rights to real estate in accordance with the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. State registration is the only evidence of the existence of a registered right, which can only be challenged in court. State registration of rights is carried out throughout the territory of the Russian Federation according to the system of records of rights to each real estate object established by the Federal Law in the Unified State Register of Rights to Real Estate and Transactions with It. In the Zaigraevsky district, the Office of the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography for the Republic of Belarus Zaigraevsky Department is responsible for registering rights to real estate and transactions with it. The grounds for state registration of the existence, occurrence, termination, transfer, restriction (encumbrance) of rights to real estate and transactions with it are: acts issued by public authorities or local self-government bodies within their competence and in the manner established by the legislation in force at the place of publication of such acts at the time of their publication; contracts and other transactions in relation to real estate, made in accordance with the legislation in force at the location of real estate objects at the time of the transaction; acts (certificates) on the privatization of residential premises, made in accordance with the legislation in force at the place of privatization at the time of its completion; certificates of the right to inheritance; judicial acts that have entered into force; acts (certificates) on the rights to real estate issued by authorized state authorities in the manner prescribed by the legislation in force at the place of publication of such acts at the time of their publication; other acts of transfer of rights to real estate and transactions with it to the applicant from the former right holder in accordance with the legislation in force at the place of transfer at the time of its completion; other documents that, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, confirm the existence, occurrence, termination, transfer, restriction (encumbrance) of rights. A mandatory annex to the documents required for state registration of rights is the cadastral passport of the land plot. Documents establishing the existence, emergence, termination, transfer, restriction (encumbrance) of rights to real estate and submitted for state registration of rights must comply with the requirements established by the legislation of the Russian Federation and reflect the information necessary for state registration of rights to real estate in the Unified State rights register. These documents must contain a description of the immovable property and the type of registered right, and in cases established by law must be notarized, sealed, must have the proper signatures of the parties or officials determined by law. The cadastral passport of a land plot must be certified by the body engaged in maintaining the state land cadastre, and plans for other real estate - by the relevant state body (organization) that carries out state accounting and technical inventory of real estate objects. In the event of a dispute between the body engaged in the maintenance of the state land cadastre and the right holder, updated data on the boundaries and area of the land plot may be entered into the Unified State Register of Rights on the basis of a judicial act that has entered into legal force. Documents required for state registration of rights, expressing the content of transactions made in simple written form, and which are the basis for state registration of the existence, occurrence, termination, transfer, restriction (encumbrance) of rights, shall be submitted in at least two original copies, one of which after the state registration of rights must be returned to the right holder, the second - is placed in the case of title documents. State registration of rights is carried out on the basis of an application by the copyright holder, the parties to the agreement or a person authorized by him (them) if he (they) has a notarized power of attorney, unless otherwise provided by federal law. Together with the application for state registration of rights and documents on rights to real estate, a document confirming payment for registration is presented. Individual presents a document proving his identity. Upon receipt of title documents for state registration of rights, an official of the Federal Registration Service makes an appropriate entry in the book of registration of documents. The applicant is issued a receipt in receipt of documents for state registration of rights with their list, as well as indicating the date of their submission. The receipt confirms the acceptance of documents for state registration of rights. Registration actions begin from the moment of receipt of documents for state registration of rights. State registration of rights to real estate and transactions with it is carried out in the sequence determined by the procedure for receiving documents. The transaction is considered registered, and the legal consequences are considered to have occurred from the day the transaction or right is entered in the Unified State Register of Rights. State registration of rights is carried out in the following order: acceptance of documents required for state registration of rights and meeting the requirements of this Federal Law, registration of such documents with the obligatory attachment of a document confirming payment for registration; legal examination of documents and verification of the legality of the transaction; establishing the absence of contradictions between the claimed rights and already registered rights to this real estate object, as well as other grounds for refusal or suspension of state registration of rights; making entries in the Unified State Register of Rights to Real Estate in the absence of these contradictions and other grounds for refusal or suspension of state registration of rights; making inscriptions on title documents and issuing certificates of state registration of rights. State registration of rights is carried out no later than one month from the date of submission of the application and documents required for state registration. The form of certificates and a special inscription is established by the Rules for maintaining the Unified State Register of Rights. Forms of certificate of state registration, introduced by individual subjects of the Russian Federation and city administrations before the establishment of a single form of certificate, are recognized as legally valid. The date of state registration of rights is the day of making the relevant records of rights in the Unified State Register of Rights. The Unified State Register of Rights contains information on existing and terminated rights to real estate objects, data on these objects and information on copyright holders. The case of title documents is opened for each object of immovable property. All documents received for registration of rights to the specified object are placed in the file. Sections of the Unified State Register of Rights containing records of rights to a real estate object, the emergence, transfer and termination of such rights, restrictions (encumbrances) are identified in the said register by the cadastral number of the real estate object. The case of title documents is identified by the same number as the corresponding section of the Unified State Register of Rights. Sections of the Unified State Register of Rights, cases of title documents and books of records of documents are subject to permanent storage. The rules for maintaining the Unified State Register of Rights, cases of title documents and books of records of documents are determined by the federal executive body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation in accordance with this Federal Law. The Unified State Register of Rights consists of separate sections containing records about each real estate object. The section opens at the beginning of registration of rights to a real estate object and is identified by the cadastral or conditional number of this object. Sections of the Unified State Register of Rights are located in accordance with the principle of a single object of immovable property. Sections containing information about buildings, structures and other real estate objects firmly associated with a land plot are located immediately after the section containing information about this land plot. Sections containing information about apartments, premises and other objects that are part of buildings and structures are located immediately after the corresponding section related to the building, structure. Each section consists of three subsections. Technical errors in the records made during the state registration of rights are corrected within three days by decision of the registrar of rights after the discovery of an error or after receiving a written statement from any interested person about the error in the records. In the cases indicated above, state registration of rights may be suspended for no more than a month. If within the specified period the reasons preventing the state registration of rights are not eliminated, the registrar of rights is obliged to refuse the applicant the state registration of rights and make an appropriate entry about this in the book of registration of documents. The registrar of rights is obliged, within a period of not more than five working days from the date of suspension of state registration of rights, to notify the applicant (applicants) in writing of the suspension of state registration of rights and the grounds for suspension of state registration of rights. Also, state registration of rights may be denied in cases where: the right to an object of immovable property, the state registration of which is requested by the applicant, is not a right subject to state registration of rights in accordance with the Federal Law; an improper person applied for state registration of rights; documents submitted for state registration of rights do not comply with the requirements of the current legislation in form or content; Act government agency or an act of a local self-government body on granting rights to immovable property has been declared invalid from the moment of its publication in accordance with the legislation in force at the place of its publication at the time of publication; the person who issued the title document is not authorized to dispose of the right to this real estate object; a person who has rights limited by certain conditions has drawn up a document without specifying these conditions; title document on the real estate object indicates that the applicant has no rights to this real estate object; the right holder did not submit an application and other necessary documents for the state registration of a previously arisen right to an object of immovable property, the presence of which is necessary for the state registration of the transfer of this right, its restriction that arose after the Federal Law "On Registration of Rights to Real Estate and Transactions with It" (encumbrances) or a transaction with an object of immovable property made after the entry into force of this Federal Law; the documents required in accordance with the Federal Law "On the registration of rights to real estate and transactions with it" for state registration of rights have not been submitted; there are conflicts between claimed rights and already registered rights. The presence of a judicial dispute about the boundaries of a land plot is not a basis for refusing state registration of rights to it. When a decision is made to refuse state registration of rights, the applicant in writing, within a period of not more than five days after the expiration of the period established for consideration of the application, is sent a message about the reason for the refusal and a copy of this message is placed in the case of title documents. Refusal to state registration of rights may be appealed by an interested person to a court, an arbitration court. Data on registered rights to real estate objects in the Zaigravsky district are presented in Table 11. Table 4 - Data on the number of land plots for which information was received on the registration of rights in the Zaigraevsky district
In total, from 2009 to 2011, as can be seen from Table 11, rights to 23,850 land plots were registered in the Zaigraevsky district. The State Real Estate Cadastre is designed to provide up-to-date legally significant information to such essential needs of society as guarantees of property rights and reliable protection of real estate ownership rights; support of the land and real estate taxation system; mortgage loan guarantees; development and control of land turnover; state control for the use and protection of land; consideration of land disputes; land reform, including land privatization; development of territories, planning and efficient use of their land resources; rational use of the environment; collection of statistical data on the state and use of land resources. An effective land cadastre system is created by organizing the land use system and the territory of the regions, creating optimal proportions in the structure of the land fund and land use, their territorial distribution, improving economic, tax, and investment policies in the territories, which ultimately affects the efficiency of material production. AT
system of the state real estate cadastre, there is such a thing as the effect, which is understood as the result of land cadastral actions, expressed in absolute and relative indicators calculated according to certain formulas, and under the efficiency
understand - carrying out a certain amount and type of land cadastral actions to improve the quality and volume of use of land and information resources. The efficiency and effect of the SCC system can be divided into economic, environmental, organizational and technological, informational and social components. Depending on the coverage of the territory, the period of development, the degree of impact and other factors, the effectiveness of the GKN system can be divided into a number of subsystems. Environmental efficiency
The land cadastre is characterized by the level of use of land and natural resources, their reproduction on the basis of land cadastral information, the degree of influence of the State Property Committee on the formation of an ecologically balanced and sustainable land use, and the improvement of the environmental conditions of the population. Criteria of ecological efficiency - prevention of deterioration of the natural and anthropogenic environment, reduction of morbidity of the population and increase in life expectancy of people. The following are the factors that affect the effectiveness of land management: Ecological effect
state real estate cadastre depends on the period of development of the system. It can be primary, intermediate and final: the primary effect is to reduce the negative impact on the environment, improve its condition, reduce the volume of pollution and the concentration of harmful substances in soil and water, as well as in the air to the maximum permissible limits, increase the area of usable land, reduce noise levels, gas pollution and etc.; intermediate effect - reduction of pollution of the natural and anthropogenic environment to the minimum allowable standards; the end effect is to increase the life expectancy of the population, reduce the incidence of people, the efficiency of social production and increase the country's gross national product. Under economic effect
The GKN understand the effectiveness of the state and municipal activities on the creation and maintenance of a land cadastre system and land management, characterized by the ratio of the economic effect (result) obtained to the cost of resources, as well as the achievement of the largest volume of land cadastral production when using resources of a certain cost. The economic effect of the activities of the bodies of the Federal Land Cadastre Service that maintains the state real estate cadastre (for example, the cadastral bureau or land chambers) is determined by the ratio of the results obtained to production costs. Taking into account the functioning of various objects and subjects of land relations in the country under the new economic mechanism, the presence of many economic, technological and social relationships between them, the effectiveness of the land cadastre must be considered from three sides: at the country level - economic, at the regional level (oblast, district) - regional, at the level of specific land ownership (land use) - self-supporting (commercial) efficiency. From a methodological point of view, this differentiation of land cadastre efficiency types allows us to draw the following conclusions. In the first and second cases, the land cadastre system acts as state action to distribute the land fund of the country and the region by categories, subjects of land relations, lands and regulate the economy of the country and regions in order to ensure economic and land policy. Therefore, the cadastre, from the point of view of its national economic and regional efficiency, should be considered as an integral part of social production, without which it is impossible to organize the economic activity of the country and the region. The national economic significance of the land cadastre is also determined by its relationship with national economic planning, the formation market mechanism in the economy, increasing employment and the standard of living of the population. The self-supporting (commercial) efficiency of the land cadastre reflects the possibilities of self-sufficiency and self-sufficiency of the State Property Committee, the development of land cadastral enterprises at the expense of funds received in the form of fees for providing information from the state real estate cadastre, the provision of services and other sources not prohibited by law. Distinguish between absolute and direct, actual and estimated economic effect of the land cadastre system. The direct effect is obtained through real economic returns from land cadastral activities (increased collection of land tax, payment for information and services, etc.). The absolute effect of the GKN system consists of the direct effect and part of the indirect, mediated effect resulting from the adoption of an economically efficient management decision on the development of the territory based on land cadastral information. In this case, the options for using information can be different and, accordingly, a different effect. The actual effect of the system is determined by the existing one-time costs and annual costs for the development and maintenance of the GKN system. The calculated effect determines the size and composition of expenses, their return on the future, taking into account standard indicators. The actual and calculated effect may not coincide due to economic, organizational, administrative, legal reasons. The absolute environmental and economic effect can be expressed through the increase in gross output, net income and profits due to the development, transformation and improvement of land, the introduction of an environmentally sound crop rotation system. In addition, this effect can be expressed through a reduction in production costs, savings in human and social labor losses, a reduction in the cost of production, and a decrease in the depreciation of fixed assets. The social efficiency of the land cadastre is expressed in two aspects: national and individual. In the first case, the result of the social efficiency of the cadastre is the formation of land relations, the creation of diverse subjects of land relations and the protection of their rights. It follows from the importance of land as an object of socio-economic relations and is aimed at developing and improving social conditions country, society and an individual person or entity. In the second case, the social efficiency of the cadastre provides high level meeting the needs for land cadastral information and services in the consumer market; minimizing the time spent by consumers on obtaining information and services; high quality service; equal accessibility of all members of society to the land as the basis of their livelihoods. The social effect is measured by the ratio of natural indicators expressing the social result to the costs required to achieve it. Social results can be an improvement in the physical development of the population and a reduction in morbidity, an increase in life expectancy and a period of vigorous activity, an improvement in working and rest conditions, maintaining an ecological balance, preserving natural monuments, protected areas and other protected areas, creating favorable conditions for the growth and development of the culture of the population and other indicators. The information efficiency of the land cadastre is largely formed due to its information support. The information support of the GKN is built as a logical consequence of the functional structure of the system, must comply with its intended purpose and the following principles of functioning: · formation, storage, automated processing and issuance, upon request, of indicators of various aspects of information about lands in the form of specific and generalized references for timely system analysis of data for the development of management decisions; solution in an automated mode of typical management tasks: statistical reporting, planning and forecasting, land management, etc. The organizational and technological efficiency of the land cadastre reflects the efficiency of the process of planning, organization, management and technical and technological support of the land cadastral process. The criterion is the degree of development of the state real estate cadastre and is characterized by indicators of achieving a reasonable level of technological efficiency of the system. Types of efficiency constituent parts the state real estate cadastre are shown in table 6. The main indicator that determines the economic feasibility of costs is the annual economic effect. Table 5 - Determination of the types of efficiency of the components of the GKN
Types of efficiency Revenue part Cost part State cadastral registration Economic Fee for providing information to the State Property Committee, rub. Costs for preparatory work(inventory of previously recorded land plots, cadastral division of the territory, land surveying) Payment for copying information, rub. Costs for providing and copying information, rub. Payment for documentation of information, rub. Expenses for analytical processing of information, rub. Insurance premiums, rub. Information storage and insurance costs, rub. Collection increase land taxes, rub. Costs for documenting information, rub. Legal Fixing the status of the land owner Expenses for wages of employees, for the payment of taxes, rub. Reducing the number of land disputes Costs for communication services, rub. Social Confidence of land market participants in stability The cost of training a new technology for conducting the State Property Survey, rub. Equality in obtaining land cadastral information Fixed assets depreciation costs, rub. State cadastral valuation of land Economic Increase in tax collection, rub. Land valuation costs, rub. Ecological Reducing the negative impact on the environment The cost of training specialists, rub. Social Improved living conditions Research costs, rub. Reducing the incidence of the population Efficiency of automation of conducting GKN Economic Wage fund savings (due to a reduction in the number of employees), rub. Capital expenditures (equipment and software), thousand rubles Savings of budgetary funds when performing the functions of the State Property Committee in an automated mode, thousand rubles. Loss of time due to underloading of equipment (due to the lack of software for the technology of conducting GKN, non-optimal use of the potential capabilities of equipment), hour. Reducing the time spent on processing and issuing information, hour. Loss of time waiting for a response to requests and additional processing of information, hour. The cost of working time for maintaining AIS GKN, hour. Database conversion costs, rub. R&D expenses, rub. Software development costs, rub. Efficiency of land cadastre investment Economic Net income, rub. Need for additional financing, rub. Net present value, rub. Price investment project, rub. Internal rate of return Investments in fixed assets, rub. Return on Investment Indices Material costs, rub. Payback period of investments, years Salary, rub. Deductions for social needs, rub. Information Support Efficiency Organizational and technological Rationalization of workflow Costs for collection, processing, systematization and storage of information, rub. Economic Funds from the sale of information, rub. Costs for automation of information processing, rub. Social Meeting the needs for land cadastral information Informational Minimizing the time spent by consumers on obtaining information When determining economic efficiency, a prerequisite is the comparability of all indicators over time, at prices and tariff rates of wages used in determining indicators, by cost elements. Economic indicators are determined on the basis of wholesale prices, tariffs and wage rates in force at the time of calculation. The economic effect for each group of indicators is determined on the basis of an analysis of statistical, accounting and operational reporting, special surveys or forecast results. Determination of the economic efficiency of activity is carried out taking into account the object of capital investments for its creation, which are calculated using the time factor in cases where these investments are realized over a number of years. Social, environmental, political and other outcomes that cannot be valuation, are considered as additional performance indicators and are taken into account when making managerial decisions. A "Federal Target Program for the Creation of an Automated System for Maintaining the State Land Cadastre and State Registration of Real Estate" was created. This subprogram began to be applied in the Federal State Institution "Land Cadastral Chamber" in the Republic of Buryatia from March 10, 2011 to July 1, 2011. The purpose of creating and developing an automated system of the state real estate cadastre is to increase the efficiency of decisions made in the field of land and real estate, as well as the quality of technological processes and stimulate investment activities in the real estate market in order to meet the needs of society and citizens. Main activities: Development and improvement of the regulatory and methodological framework that ensures the implementation of state policy in the field of maintaining the state real estate cadastre, reforming and regulating land and property relations; 2. creation of an automated system of the state real estate cadastre as a unified system that functions at all levels of state real estate management, ensures the consolidation of information about real estate objects at the levels of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the central office of Rosnedvizhimost, and also provides the possibility of public access to information from a unified real estate cadastre; Creation of automated systems for state cadastral registration, state cadastral valuation of real estate, state land control, state land monitoring; Implementation of an automated information system for cadastral registration of real estate objects: complex analysis of cadastral division in electronic form, semantic and graphical databases of USRZ; verification in the scope of the test loop of the readiness of the information infrastructure of the city of Ulan-Ude for the introduction of an automated system of the state real estate cadastre; installation of test circuits; installation of a test server of districts; consulting users on technological procedures for preparing information support for the automated system of the state real estate cadastre; consultation of system administrators of the Federal State Institution "Land Cadastral Chamber" on the issues of applied and system administration of the automated system of the state real estate cadastre. Implementation of an information and reference system, including in the territorial divisions of Rosreestr: test installation of software for maintenance and software and technical support; initial analysis of the availability and condition of software and hardware (servers, Oracle 10g DBMS) required for the installation of ISS; departure of specialists to the territorial divisions of Rosreestr to carry out work on: Deployment, installation and configuration of the ISS software package (server and client parts); 2. debugging and checking the performance of ISS according to the established methodology; 3. initial filling of the database; 4. consultation of system administrators and users on the issues of applied use and system administration of ISS. The complex of technological works and the provision of services for technical support, maintenance and operation of subsystems of the automated system of the state real estate cadastre: monitoring the performance of the Oracle database of the industrial circuit of the automated system of the state real estate cadastre: analysis of memory structures, wait events, various statistics. Development of recommendations to eliminate slowdowns in the work of the DBMS; analysis and monitoring of the events of the "System" and "Application" logs, as well as the parameters of the Performance Monitor log, in order to identify trends in reducing the performance of application servers / databases of the industrial circuit of the automated system of the state real estate cadastre; visits to the production site of the Federal State Institution "Land Cadastral Chamber" in the Republic of Buryatia; preparation of non-standard SQL-queries to the database, not provided by the regular means of the automated system of the state real estate cadastre, at the request of system users; participation in the work of the service of chief technologists on the operation of the automated system of the state real estate cadastre; processing requests from the support site. Tables 6 - 7 present the cost estimates for each type of work on the implementation of the AIS GKN at the level of the cadastral district (Zaigraevsky district). Table 6 - Costs for information support of the AIS GKN (K 1)
Type of work Unit of measurement Norm of time Rate, rub Cost, thousand rubles Cadastral division Section Quarter Digitalization Entering information from the keyboard Total costs Table 7 - Training costs for the operation of AIS GKN (K 2)
Table 8 - Costs for the implementation and development of AIS GKN (K 3)
Table 9 - Operating costs on the functioning of the AIS GKN (K 4).
№ p / p Name of cost items Cost, thousand rubles. Social security contributions (39% of item 1) Repair and auxiliary materials (2.5% of the cost of equipment) Cost of operating materials Depreciation deductions (10% of the cost of equipment) Electricity costs Other costs Let us define the savings from the automation of information transformations based on the fact that in basic system the time spent on the execution of one request is 4 hours, in the automated one - 1 hour, the number of documents issued per request is 2. Then the cost of the document issued in the basic system is 71.1 rubles, in the automated system - 17.6 rubles. With the number of requests served per day equal to 6 requests, taking into account that the system performs other functions, the number of requests served per year will be about 4500. Savings from automating the process of information service of consumers with cadastral information will be equal to: Ea \u003d (Cp - Ca) x Nn x r x d, (4.2.1) where Nn - the number of consumers of AIS GKN information; - the average number of requests received from one consumer; - the average number of documents issued per request; Cp - the cost of one issued document for manual preparation; Ca - the cost of one issued document using an automated system. As an integral indicator of economic efficiency, the ratio between the costs of implementing the system and the economic results obtained (coefficient of economic efficiency), as well as the payback period for these costs, is taken. Ea \u003d (71.1-17.6) * 4500 * 2 \u003d 482 thousand rubles. Annual savings from automation of information transformations: E = Ea + Rex, (4.2.2) where - Ea - the total savings from automating the process of information service for consumers with cadastral information; Rex - the difference in operating costs for the manual method of creating and maintaining a land cadastre and for an automated one. Since there are no operating costs in the basic system, then ΔRex = - 241.27, then E = 482-247 = 235 thousand rubles. One-time costs for the implementation of AIS GKN will be: K AISGKN \u003d K 1 + K 2 + K 3 + K 4 \u003d 85.99 + 37.17 + 30.04 + 241.27 \u003d 394.47 Table 10 - Indicators of economic efficiency of the implementation of AIS GKN
The economic efficiency coefficient is determined by the formula: Ep \u003d E / C AISGKN \u003d 235 / 394.47 \u003d 0.6 (10) If the calculated efficiency coefficient is greater than the normative one, then the system can be considered effective. The payback period is determined by the formula: Current = 1/Er. = 1/0.6 = 1.7 (10) Since Ep>En, (0.6>0.15), the system can be considered efficient. However, due to the fact that when calculating the savings from implementation, the approximate values of the initial data were used, the value of the economic effect will be approximate. At the same time, the approximate value of the annual economic effect allows us to conclude that the introduction of AIS GKN is economically feasible. In addition, when deciding on the feasibility of the implemented AIS GKN, it is also necessary to take into account the achieved increase in the technical level of production, stabilization of technological processes, improving the quality and reliability of the information provided, by maintaining it at the current level, eliminating unjustified duplication of information in its collection, processing and storage. , as well as the social effect, consisting in the replacement of manual labor with electronic more highly skilled. 3 Cost analysis for the implementation of the State Property Committee using the site "gosuslugi.ru" The Unified Portal of State and Municipal Services (Functions) (hereinafter referred to as the Unified Portal) is a federal state information system that provides: access of individuals and legal entities to information about state and municipal services, state functions on control and supervision, on the services of state and municipal institutions, on the services of organizations participating in the provision of state and municipal services, placed in the federal state information system that ensures the maintenance of the register of public services in electronic form; provision in electronic form of state and municipal services, services of state and municipal institutions and other organizations in which a state task (order) or a municipal task (order) is placed, in accordance with the lists approved by the Government of the Russian Federation and the highest executive bodies of state power of the subject of the Russian Federation Federations; accounting of citizens' appeals related to the functioning of the Single Portal, including the opportunity for applicants to leave feedback on the quality of the provision of state or municipal services in electronic form. A single portal is part of the infrastructure that provides information and technological interaction of information systems used to provide state and municipal services in electronic form. The Government of the Russian Federation has appointed the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation as the operator of the Single Portal. Information on the Unified Portal of State and Municipal Services (Functions) is posted within one business day from the Consolidated Register of State and Municipal Services (Functions) formed by federal and regional authorities of the Russian Federation, local governments that are responsible for the completeness and accuracy of information about services ( functions). A single portal is available to any user of the Internet information and telecommunications network and is organized in such a way as to provide a simple and efficient search for information on state or municipal services. All services posted on the Unified Portal are correlated with a specific region of the Russian Federation: the place of receipt of the service determines both the availability of the service itself and the conditions for its provision. The first step to gain access to the capabilities of the Single Portal is to select the region of interest, after which the services provided by both the territorial bodies of the federal executive authorities, the executive authorities of the subject of the Russian Federation, and the local governments of the selected subject will be available. State and municipal services are classified according to a number of characteristics (by departments, by life situations, by user categories, by popularity - the frequency of ordering a service) and are presented in the form of a catalog. The information card for each service contains the following information: Name of service; the name of the public authority or local government providing the service; the necessary documents to be submitted by the applicant to receive the service, the methods of obtaining documents by the applicants and the procedure for their submission, indicating the services, as a result of which such documents can be obtained; information about the compensation (gratuitousness) of the provision of the service and the amount of the fee charged from the applicant, if the service is provided on a reimbursable basis; the result of the service; terms of service provision; grounds for suspension of the provision of the service or refusal to provide it; information about the place of provision of the service; information on the admissibility of a pre-trial (out-of-court) appeal against the actions (inaction) of officials providing the service, and the results of the provision of this service; contacts for obtaining additional information (telephones of the state authority or local government responsible for the provision of the service, telephones of the places where the service is provided); forms of applications and other documents, the completion of which by the applicant is necessary for applying to the federal executive body, the executive body of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, the local self-government body for receiving state or municipal services (in electronic form). The concept of a user's "personal account" has been implemented on the Unified Portal, which provides the following features after registration on the portal: familiarization with information about the state or municipal service (function); providing access to application forms and other documents necessary for obtaining a state or municipal service (function), filling them out and submitting them in electronic form; appeal in electronic form to state bodies or local governments; monitoring the progress of the provision of state or municipal services or the performance of a state function; receipt of accruals and the ability to pay state duties, fines and fees; storage of user details; obtaining the results of the provision of state or municipal services in electronic form on the Single Portal, unless this is prohibited by federal law. Currently, there are two authorization methods for accessing services on the Unified Portal: using login/password, using an electronic signature. The unified portal is in constant development: new electronic forms of applications for public services, previously only reference Information and there were application templates. In addition to information about state and municipal services, the Single Portal publishes up-to-date news and analytical materials on a particular service (heading News). For additional information on the information provided on the portal, a telephone hotline is available around the clock. Due to the fact that today it is possible to make a request for information from the State Property Committee and apply for state cadastral registration via the Internet on the website "gosuslugi.ru" Consider the following options: The owner of the property lives in the most remote place from the district center (Zaigraevo village) - with. Khara-Kutul (120 km). 2. The owner of the property lives in Zaigraevo village itself. Table 11 - Analysis of the costs of providing information from the Civil Code and applying for the Civil Code
Options Costs for a trip to Zaigraevo Costs for applying and making inquiries through the website…… With. Khara-Kutul Fare Time saving Other expenses Zaigraevo village Fare Time saving Other expenses Novoilinsk Fare Time saving Other expenses We conclude that via the Internet it is more profitable to provide information from the state real estate cadastre and submit an application for state cadastral registration of land because the owner from the village. Khara - Kutul spends 270 rubles for 1 trip, and the owner from the village. Novoilinsk spends 195 rubles per trip. When performing topographic and geodetic works, which are carried out at all stages of land management, in surveys, design, construction and operation of land management facilities and structures, certain rules must be observed to ensure the achievement of the desired results, the correct use of instruments and the preservation of the health of workers and engineering and technical personnel. The totality of such rules and measures constitutes safety precautions. Safety measures, as well as the creation and use of technical safety equipment, are carried out on the basis of duly approved regulatory and technical documentation (standards, rules, norms, instructions). The situation in the field of labor protection conditions in the Republic of Buryatia remains tense. Keeps being high specific gravity workers employed in jobs with working conditions that do not meet the requirements for labor protection. Organization of a system of safe working conditions in order to exclude industrial injuries and occupational diseases should develop and implement various measures for labor protection. completely harmless and safe conditions it is impossible to create work at each production site. Therefore, the task of labor protection is reduced to, through the implementation of diverse measures, to minimize the impact on a person of dangerous and harmful production factors that arise in the workplace, to minimize the likelihood of accidents and diseases of workers, to ensure comfortable working conditions that contribute to high productivity. Regulatory and legal support of labor safety According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, labor and health of people are protected in the country, everyone has the right to freely dispose of their abilities to work and work in conditions that meet the requirements of safety and hygiene; wage discrimination is prohibited and its minimum size, establishes the right to health protection, medical care, as well as to pensions, benefits and other guarantees of social protection. The most important document is the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, which defines labor protection - this is a system for preserving the life and health of workers in the course of work, including legal, socio-economic, organizational, technical, medical, preventive, rehabilitation and other measures. Observance by managers, engineering and technical workers of duties and responsibilities for the state of labor protection Managers and engineering and technical employees of organizations must follow the established procedure for monitoring the state of labor protection at workplaces and in departments of the organization, over compliance with safety regulations and the fulfillment by managers and performers of their labor protection duties. Each performer of work is responsible for violating the rules and regulations on labor protection. Workers guilty of violating labor protection requirements, failing to fulfill labor protection obligations stipulated by collective agreements and agreements, labor contracts (contracts), or obstructing the activities of representatives of state supervision and control over compliance with labor protection requirements, as well as public control bodies, are liable in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. Employment in topographic and geodetic organizations for field work, as well as in cameral workshops with difficult, dangerous or unhealthy working conditions, of persons under 16 years of age is prohibited. When carrying out field topographic and geodetic work in taiga, high-mountain regions, as well as when surveying water areas and performing other high-risk work in all regions, it is prohibited to hire persons under 18 years of age. Preliminary and periodic medical examinations are mandatory. Employees undergo medical examinations (examinations): pre-employment; periodic. An employee undergoes a preliminary medical examination upon admission to work before concluding an employment contract. This examination determines the compliance of the employee's health with the work assigned to him. Periodic medical examinations (examinations) are carried out in order to monitor the state of health of employees, timely establish the initial signs of occupational diseases, identify common diseases that prevent the continuation of work in the same production conditions, as well as prevent accidents at work. Upon employment, all applicants must undergo an introductory briefing on labor protection. Persons who have been trained in occupational safety and instructed at the workplace on the types of work performed are allowed to carry out topographic and geodetic works. Types of briefings on labor protection: Ø Introductory briefing; Ø Primary briefing; Ø Re-briefing; Ø Unscheduled briefing; Ø Targeted coaching. An introductory briefing on labor safety is carried out with all newly hired, regardless of their education, length of service in this profession or position, with time frames, business travelers, pupils and students who have arrived for industrial training or practice. An introductory briefing at the enterprise is carried out by a labor protection engineer or a person who is entrusted with these duties by order of the enterprise. After passing the introductory briefing, the employee must undergo an initial briefing directly at the workplace. Primary briefing at the workplace is carried out with each employee individually with a practical demonstration of safe techniques and working methods. All employees, regardless of qualifications, education, length of service, nature of the work performed, undergo repeated briefings at least once a quarter. Repeated briefing is carried out individually or with a group of workers serving the same type of equipment and within the general workplace according to the program of primary briefing at the workplace in full. Unscheduled briefing is carried out: upon the introduction of new or revised standards, rules, instructions on labor protection, as well as changes to them; when changing the technological process, replacing or upgrading equipment, fixtures and tools, raw materials, materials and other factors affecting labor safety; in case of violation by workers and students of labor safety requirements, which can lead or have led to injury, accident, explosion, or fire, poisoning; at the request of the supervisory authorities; during breaks in work - for work for which additional (increased) labor safety requirements are imposed for more than 30 calendar days, and for other work - 60 days. Targeted briefing is carried out when performing one-time work that is not related to duties in the specialty (loading, unloading, cleaning the territory, one-time work outside the enterprise, workshop, etc.); elimination of the consequences of an accident, natural disasters, production work, for which a work permit, permit and other documents are issued; conducting a tour of the enterprise. Before admission to independent work, the employee must receive, against signature, job description, familiarize yourself with its contents and comply with all the requirements set forth in it. The results of testing the knowledge of the management and engineering staff of the safety rules are documented in protocols of the established form. All workers and engineering and technical workers are provided with special clothing (overalls, jackets All of the above, as well as collective protective equipment and items of camp equipment and equipment, must comply with the nature and conditions of the work performed, meet the requirements of applicable standards and ensure labor safety. Equipment, tools and mechanisms issued to field teams must be in good condition and have an appropriate certificate or passport confirming them. technical condition and compliance with the type of work performed. Each employee who notices a malfunction of tools and equipment is obliged to take measures to eliminate it, and if it is impossible to eliminate it, immediately inform the head of the brigade or party about this. Prior to the start of field work, organizational and technical measures should be taken to create safe and healthy working conditions during their implementation. In the process of their implementation, special attention should be paid to the issues of working and technical design of work based on the data obtained on the areas where the objects are located. During the drafting period, organizational issues related to labor protection should be taken into account. All types of field topographic and geodetic work must be carried out in strict accordance with safety requirements. Requirements for mechanical and optical-mechanical devices. 1. Devices and accessories to them should not have sharp corners and protrusions that could injure the operating personnel. The moving parts of the instruments must have devices to prevent spontaneous movement during operation, repair, and transportation. Instrument parts used for adjustment and repair, the position of which cannot be changed during operation, should be placed inside the instrument or fixed with stoppers, paint, fuses, etc. A separate wearable place in the set of measuring equipment for topographic and geodetic work should not be more than 30 kg. Components of instruments and equipment weighing more than 12 kg must have devices for ease of movement in the stowed position, loading and transportation. Illumination of working scales and places for displaying information on control panels must be at least 150 lux. 6. The moments of starting the working controls of geodetic instruments must comply with the requirements of GOST P When working with two hands, the controls are placed in such a way that there is no crossing of the hands. Requirements for optical-electronic and radio-electronic devices. 1. Devices containing sources of optical, electromagnetic, thermal, ultrasonic radiation must be equipped with means for absorbing radiation intensity to acceptable levels. The equipment of workplaces and the placement of devices equipped with video display terminals and PCs must comply with the "Hygienic requirements for video display terminals, personal electronic computers and the organization of work." SanPiN 2.2.2.542 The electrical circuit of the device must exclude the possibility of its spontaneous switching on and off. The design of the device should exclude the possibility of incorrect connection of its current-carrying parts during preparation for operation. For safety reasons, in the design of optical-electronic and radio-electronic geodetic instruments, it is preferable to use: insulation of current-carrying parts; elements for grounding metal non-current-carrying parts that may be energized; warning labels, signs, coloring in signal colors (in combination with other security measures); blocking the functions of parts and assemblies to prevent erroneous actions and operations; protective shells to prevent accidental contact with current-carrying, heating parts of devices; safe voltage in electrical circuits. Requirements for grounding elements, blocking, warning signaling and insulation of current-carrying parts - in accordance with GOST 12.2.007.0 The working controls of the instruments must be provided with inscriptions or symbols that characterize the purpose or state of the functional unit or provide the necessary information for a specific case of its operation. The use of controls in a sequence other than that specified must not lead to dangerous situations or must be excluded by the introduction of an interlock. Plug-in connectors must be marked to identify those parts that are to be connected to each other; mating parts of the same connector must have the same marking. The marking must be on the surfaces of the mating parts of the connectors in a visible place. Geodetic instruments with laser emitters with a continuous power of more than 1 mW in the visible part of the spectrum must be equipped with a poster with a warning inscription "Caution! Laser radiation" during operation. When working with them, it is necessary to ensure that the laser beam does not fall into the eyes. When preparing batteries and gasoline-powered units for operation, the requirements of the instructions for their operation should be observed. Features of conducting topographic and geodetic works. Labor safety requirements when using topographic and geodetic equipment. Instruments and equipment intended for performing topographic and geodetic works must be designed and manufactured in such a way that there are no prerequisites for dangerous and harmful production factors. To work with topographic and geodetic instruments, persons who have undergone special training, meet the established qualification requirements and have passed an exam (test) for knowledge of safety regulations should be allowed. All workers sent to field work must be trained in first aid in case of accidents (burns, bleeding, fractures, etc.). In each field team, one of the workers must have knowledge of first aid within the requirements of the health instructor. In the workshops of cameral production, safety corners with visual agitation and safety instructions, industrial hygiene and fire safety rules should be organized. The dimensions of the production premises must comply with the requirements established for the given production of works. The room must be kept at a normal temperature of +17 - 20°C, with a humidity of at least 40% and not more than 75%. To optimize working conditions, the illumination of workplaces is of great importance. Industrial lighting must be uniform and stable, have the correct direction of the light flux, exclude glare and the formation of sharp shadows. For the normal work of a land cadastre specialist, a noise level not exceeding 40-60 dB is adopted. The working conditions of computer operators working with video terminals (VT) when processing materials on a personal computer are characterized by the possibility of exposure to the following production factors: 2) heat release; 3) static electricity; 4) ionizing and non-ionizing radiation; 5) insufficient illumination; 6)
parameters of technological equipment and workplace. The main sources of noise in rooms equipped with video terminals are typewriters, duplicators and air conditioning equipment, in the VTs themselves - cooling fans and transformers. In accordance with GOST 12.1.003-83 "Noise. General safety requirements", the noise level at the workplaces of VT operators should not exceed 50 dBA. Normalized noise levels are ensured by using low-noise equipment, using sound-absorbing materials. Ventilation, heating and air conditioning systems must be made in accordance with the chapter SNiP P-33-75 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning". Visual display devices emit x-ray, radio frequency and ultraviolet radiation. The irradiation intensity of BT is 0.01 mlrem/h, which is significantly less than the maximum permissible value for consumer electronic equipment (0.5 mlrem/h at a distance of 5 m). As a precaution, it is recommended to limit the duration of work with the VT screen, do not place them in a concentrated area in the work area, and turn them off if they are not being used. During continuous operation, the screen should be located in the center of the field of view, documents - on the left on the table. The plane of the table, as well as the operator's seat, must be adjustable in height. The height of the table plane must be adjusted in the range of 65 - 85 cm. The height of the seat from the floor must be adjusted in the range of 42 - 55 cm. At the request of the operator, a footrest measuring 40x30x15 cm is installed. For working with VT, rooms with one-sided side natural lighting are recommended. The area of light openings should be 25% of the floor area. Windows are recommended to be equipped with light-diffusing curtains, adjustable blinds or a sun-protection film with a metallized coating. Artificial lighting in rooms and workplaces should create good visibility of information on the BT screen. The normalized level of illumination for work with W should be 400 lx. To protect personal computer operators from ionizing radiation and to eliminate light glare, the VT screen must be equipped with a protective filter. The time of continuous work with VT should be limited to 4 hours with an 8-hour working day. After every hour of intensive work, it is recommended to take a 15-minute break. The number of processed characters (characters) on the VT should not exceed 30 thousand for 4 hours of work. Direct control over the personal hygiene of workers and cleanliness on the territory of the base is assigned to the head or head of the complex unit. Overalls issued to employees, special footwear, as well as pastel accessories must be kept clean. At least 4 times a month, each employee must wash the entire body with hot water and soap. When working in sparsely populated areas or far from settlements, a bath should be arranged in a tent. Providing first aid to the injured. All engineers and workers must be trained in first aid before going to field work. First aid in case of an accident or illness (until medical assistance is received) is provided on the spot. In cases of severe injury or illness, the victim should be sent to a medical facility immediately. The provision of first aid is impossible without the presence of a minimum set of dressings and medicines. Therefore, all production sites, buses, cars must be provided with first-aid kits. All engineering and technical workers and workers providing assistance should be able to: assess the condition of the victim and determine what kind of assistance he needs in the first place; correctly perform artificial respiration and closed heart massage; stop the bleeding; apply a bandage in case of damage; help with burns, frostbite, bruises, etc. The enterprise must be provided with reliable means of warning or signaling in case of fire, which must be in good working order, employees must be familiar with the evacuation plan, special smoking areas are allocated. The organization should develop and approve an instruction on fire safety measures, establish a fire regime by organization order, appoint those responsible for fire safety, and approve the composition of the voluntary fire brigade. All employees should be allowed to work only after passing a fire drill with registration in the appropriate log. Locations of fire equipment should be marked with signs. Approaches to fire extinguishers and other fire extinguishing equipment should be convenient and not cluttered. In buildings and structures, evacuation plans in case of fire should be developed and posted in prominent places, and a fire warning system should be provided. Each employee who discovers a fire or its signs is obliged to: immediately report it by phone to the nearest fire department, while clearly stating the address, the place of the fire, as well as his position and surname; activate the fire warning system. Rules of conduct in the field. During the preparation for field work, pay special attention to the rules for safe work in fire hazardous areas, as well as the behavior of personnel when extinguishing forest fires in extreme conditions. Fire safety. For the purposes of fire safety, it is forbidden to smoke in tents, chambers and living rooms, light candles, kerosene lamps and lanterns for lighting, use faulty stoves. 2. If electricity is used, then the wiring, electrical appliances and fixtures must be in good condition and checked by the fire department. It is strictly forbidden to make fires on the territory of the settlement. When organizing a field camp, bonfires (for cooking) are allowed to be lit in specially designated places, with the obligatory observance of fire safety norms and rules. Fire pits are dug in or fenced with stones. In the immediate vicinity (from the fire) there should be a container with water. A special shield is installed on which are placed: shovels, axes, hooks, buckets; as well as serviceable and tested by fire authorities, fire extinguishers. During field work, it is prohibited to smoke at the workplace, smoke on the go, throw away unextinguished matches and cigarette butts. Smoking is allowed only when stopping for rest in compliance with all fire safety measures. In the event of a fire in the work area (in case of spontaneous combustion, thunderstorms, etc.), it is necessary to take urgent measures to eliminate the source of ignition, with the involvement of all available human resources and technical means. It is also necessary to notify the fire department in charge of the area. Fire extinguishing equipment includes the simplest devices. These include: internal fire hydrants equipped with sleeves and barrels, hand-held fire extinguishers, and fire shields with the necessary set of fire equipment must be installed: a shovel, a bucket, a hook, boxes of sand, etc. Primary fire extinguishing equipment is placed at production sites, buildings, structures and handed over according to the inventories to the head of the department, site, installation, who is further responsible for their safety and constant readiness for action. The main tasks of civil defense are: Teaching the population how to protect themselves from the dangers arising from the conduct of hostilities or as a result of these actions, as well as in emergency situations caused by accidents, catastrophes, natural, environmental and other disasters; Notification of the population about the dangers arising from emergencies of wartime and peacetime and about the procedure for actions in the current situation; Evacuation of the population, material and cultural values to safe areas; Provision of shelters and personal protective equipment to the population, priority provision of the affected population; Carrying out rescue and other urgent work in the lesions and emergency zones; Development and implementation of measures aimed at improving the sustainability of the functioning of the economy; urgent restoration of vital public services; survival of the population in wartime; Ensuring the constant readiness of control systems, forces and means of civil defense, as well as reserves of civil defense property. Protection of the population during an earthquake Warning residents about the threat of an earthquake is very difficult, since it is still impossible to accurately predict its place and time. However, knowledge of the indirect signs of its approach can help to survive this situation with least loss. These signs include: unreasonable, at first glance, anxiety of birds and domestic animals (this is especially noticeable at night), as well as a mass exodus from the habitats of reptiles. In winter, lizards and snakes crawl out into the snow in anticipation of danger. The notification of the population is carried out by transmitting a message over radio broadcasting and television networks .
To attract attention in emergency cases, sirens, as well as other signaling means, are turned on before the transmission of information. Sirens and intermittent beeps of enterprises, vehicles mean a signal of civil defense "Attention to all". In this case, it is necessary to immediately turn on the loudspeaker, radio or television receiver and listen to the message of the civil defense headquarters. With the threat of an earthquake, such a message may begin with the words: "Attention! This is the headquarters of the city's civil defense... Citizens! Due to potential earthquake...". In case of a sudden earthquake, the main thing is not to panic and protect yourself from debris, glass, heavy objects. From the first shocks (dishes ringing, objects falling, whitewashing crumbling) to the next ones, from which the building begins to collapse, there are 15-20 seconds. During this period, you need to choose a reasonable way of behavior: either try to leave the building, or take an optimally safe place inside it. If, during a strong earthquake, a decision is made to leave the building, it is necessary to plan in advance the path of movement (taking into account 15-20 seconds) to the greatest vibrations and shocks. When evacuating, you can not create a crush and traffic jams in the doors, jump into the windows. When leaving, it is forbidden to use the elevator. After running out of the building, you should move away from it to an open place. When the situation does not allow leaving the building, it is necessary, while remaining in it, to take refuge in a pre-selected, relatively safe place. If there is a danger of falling pieces of plaster, lamps, glass, you need to hide under the table. With the onset of an earthquake, you need to put out the fire, you can not use matches, candles and lighters during or immediately after tremors. At enterprises, institutions and organizations, measures should be developed and taken in advance to reduce the risk of an earthquake and protect personnel in case of its occurrence. In buildings, premises of enterprises and institutions, corridors, passages, stairwells and internal doors should be freed from obstructions with unnecessary objects. Massive cabinets and shelving should be securely attached to the walls. Do not place heavy items on the upper shelves. Each employee is required to know the location of electric switches, fire and gas valves. After an earthquake, it is necessary to make sure that there are no injuries, to examine the surrounding people and, if necessary, to provide assistance to them, and also to release the victims who have fallen into easily removable blockages. It is forbidden to move the seriously injured from their place, unless they are in danger (fire, building collapse, etc.) Upon entering the building, a mandatory condition is to check the water supply, gas, electricity. If there is a power line failure, disconnect it. A gas leak can only be detected by smell, and if it is present, then all windows and doors should be opened, immediately leave the room and report the incident to the appropriate services. If the water supply lines are damaged, repair the problem or turn off the water supply. You can drink water only after boiling and in a closed vessel. If there are fires, they must be extinguished. If this fails, the fire department must be contacted. Clearly damaged buildings must not be approached or entered. You have to be prepared for strong aftershocks. Such shocks occur after several days, weeks and even months. The first few hours after an earthquake are the most dangerous. In this regard, at least in the first 2-3 hours, it is forbidden to enter the building unless absolutely necessary. It is unacceptable to transmit any fictitious information forecasts, guesses, rumors about possible shocks. It is necessary to use only official messages on this matter. To obtain information about the situation, you should turn on the radio broadcast (radio receiver), obey the instructions of local authorities and the headquarters for the elimination of the consequences of a natural disaster. For the direct preparation, planning and implementation of evacuation measures, evacuation bodies are created by the decisions of the heads of the Civil Defense of territorial and sectoral (object) management bodies, which work in cooperation with the relevant management bodies of the Civil Defense and Emergency Situations. The evacuation is carried out as soon as possible. Its completion is considered to be the removal of the population from the danger zones. In a safe zone, the evacuated population is placed on the territory assigned to organizations. Each organization has its own region. In wartime, areas are determined in advance. In case of partial evacuation, the areas of population accommodation are determined by the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan and local executive bodies. In the case when a population can no longer be placed in the safe zone of one area, then part of it can be withdrawn to neighboring areas. Dispersal - organized removal from cities and placement in safe zones of workers and employees of organizations continuing to work in wartime. Being in a safe zone, they come to work in shifts. For the transportation of work shifts, each organization is assigned a place to stay near railways, automobile and waterways of communication, taking into account the minimum time spent on moving work shifts from the place of stay to the work site and back. The entire population subject to distribution and evacuation is included in the evacuation lists, which are compiled by organizations and cooperatives in triplicate in advance and are specified upon receipt of an order to carry out evacuation measures. Family members not employed in production or the service sector are entered in the lists at the place of work of the head of the family. For the direct implementation and planning of the dispersal and evacuation of the population, evacuation bodies are created: Evacuation Commission; Evacuation selection committee; Prefabricated evacuation points (BOT); Intermediate evacuation points (PPE); Reception evacuation points (PEP); AT modern world, during the scientific, technical, economic, electronic process, subject to all safety rules and elementary precautions in various conditions, a person can, on his own, protect his life from undesirable consequences of a different nature. 1. The Constitution of the Russian Federation. - M.: Legal literature, 1993. 2. Civil Code of the Russian Federation. - St. Petersburg: NIC "ALFA", 1994. Land Code. - M., Ekmos, 2000 - 48s On the State Cadastre of Real Estate: Federal Law of the Russian Federation of 24.07.2008 No. №221-FZ On state registration of rights to real estate and transactions with it: Federal Law of the Russian Federation of 21.07.1997. Bogolyubov S.A. Commentary on the Land Code of the Russian Federation. - M.: Velby, 2003 - 488s. Life safety at work. - M: KolosS, 2006. - 432 p.; Burkin V.E., Munkueva Z.B., Samozhapova S.D., Vambueva E.B. Memo on labor protection.: Guidelines- U-U: BSHA, 2004 - 20s. Varlamov A.A. Land cadastre of the subject of the Federation. - Perm: Denor, 1997. - 272p. Varlamov A.A. Land cadastre: In 6 volumes. T.1. Theoretical foundations of the GZK. - M.: KolosS, 2003. - 383 p. - (Textbooks and teaching aids for university students) Varlamov A.A., Galchenko S.A. Land cadastre: In 6 volumes. T.3. State registration and accounting of lands. - M.: KolosS, 2007. - 528 p. - (Textbooks and teaching aids for university students). Varlamov A.A., Galchenko S.A. etc. Information support of the land cadastre.: Tutorial- M.: GUZ, 2000 - 104 p. Varlamov A.A., Galchenko S.A. and others. Land Cadastre: Educational and practical guide - M.: MCHA, 2000 - 288 p. Varlamov A.A., Khismatulov O.T. Efficiency of the GZK system: Textbook - M.: GUZ, 2001 - 104c Zotov B.I., Kurdyumov V.I. Volkov S.N., Varlamov A.A., Loiko P.F. New land relations in the Russian Federation. // Land Bulletin of Russia. No. 1 - 2.2005. Galchenko S.A. Efficiency of the SLC system at various administrative-territorial levels.: Monograph - M.: MGIU, 2003. - 158p. Dolganova N.S. Comments to the Federal Law of June 24, 2007 No. 221-FZ "On the GKN": (item-by-article) - M .: Yustitsinform, 2008. Kanaeva E.D., Pushkareva A.S. Land Registry. Registration and registration of rights to real estate and transactions with it.: Methodological instructions. - U-U: BSHA, 2004 - 82 p. Organization of cadastral registration of land in Russia. - M.: LLC "Brest", 2002. - 300s. Raldin B.B., Varlamov A.A. Land cadastre of the Republic of Belarus. - U-U, 1998 - 185s. Rusak O.N., Malayan K.R., Zanko G. Life safety.: Textbook. - St. Petersburg: Lan, 2003 - 448 p. Samozhapova S.D., Ishimov I.Sh. Protection of the population in emergency situations. - U-U: Publishing house of FGOU VPO BSHA, 2005. - 132 p.; Shkrabak V.S., Lukovnikov A.K., Turgiev M. Life safety in agricultural production.: A textbook for universities - M .: Kolos, 2004 - 512 p. Report on the availability of lands and their distribution by form of ownership, categories, lands and users as of 01.01.2012; 25. www.ulan-ude-ed.ru www.aslan-realty.ru Www.uurielt.ru Www.ulan-ude-stroy.ru www.artictespub.ru www.rosreestr.ru Http // edov-duryatia.ru www.gks.ru
Section 3
3.1 Using the software package for receiving and issuing documents of the PK PVD in the Zaigraevsky district documentation structure
3.2 Cadastral registration of the property
3.3 State registration of rights to the property
Section 4. The effectiveness of maintaining the state real estate cadastre using computer technology
4.1 Types of effectiveness of the state real estate cadastre
4.2 Automated GKN system
An example of calculating the economic efficiency of the creation and implementation of the AIS GKN at the level of the cadastral district (Zaigraevsky district).
Section 5 Life Safety
5.1 General
5.2 Personnel requirements
5.3 Provision of protective equipment
5.4 Requirements for the organization of safe field work
1) noise;
5.5 Sanitation and hygiene in the field
5.6 Fire safety requirements during work
5.7 Protection of the public in emergencies
Conclusion
List of sources used
Similar work to - Maintenance of the state real estate cadastre using modern computer technologies
In the land cadastre, the basic documents are: - land - cadastral file of a land plot; - state land - cadastral book of the corresponding administrative - territorial unit; - land - cadastral maps. It should be noted that at present, all cadastral information available in these documents (on paper) is entered into a computer and stored on magnetic media, which allows it to process, store and issue not only text information, but also site plans and so-called electronic cards. Thus, it can be noted that the conduct of the main operations and work of the land cadastre in the republic is carried out on the basis of computer technology and this creates good opportunities for the formation of the AIS ZK.
The use of data from the state land cadastre in the management of land resources of the region, the republic provides not only an increase in the efficiency of use and increase in soil fertility in agriculture, but also the safety and economic protection of valuable land during the redistribution of the land fund between its categories.
As a result, the role and importance of land registration has now increased. Those researchers who have previously emphasized that land use registration is the legal side of the land cadastre are right. We believe that the registration of land plots, as a cadastral action, is the basis of the entire legal block of the land cadastre. Moreover, with the transition to market relations, the introduction in Kazakhstan, along with state, private ownership of certain categories of land, it became necessary to legally protect not only state, but also private ownership of land. This further enhances the role and importance of state registration of land plots.
Registration should be considered as a state record, on the basis of which the right of land users, tenants and owners to specific land plots is legally formalized. It has a legal, legal nature, confirming the legality of the use, possession and disposal of land. State registration of land plots is a remedy for various kinds of violations. It ensures the sustainability of land use and correct use land in accordance with the purpose and purpose for which they are provided to land users and owners.
The land plot serves as the accounting and registration unit for state registration. This follows from the peculiarities of the concept of a land plot, which is at the same time an object of the right of ownership and use and an object of economic or other activity of the subject of the right to a plot. The basis for the registration of a newly formed land plot is the decision of the competent state body to provide it for certain purposes and a document on the implementation of a land management project and fixing the boundaries of the land plot on the ground. The entry is made on the basis of the executed Act for the right to use or property and documents of the formed land - cadastral file of the site.
The task of state registration of land plots is to collect and store information about the legal status of land in a systematic and visual form. Therefore, all the basic information on the land plot is entered into the computer on magnetic media. Thus, having information on each land plot on magnetic media, we have complete information on all lands of the district, city, region and republic.
At the same time, not only information about the legal status of the land plot is entered, but also all other information available in the documents of the land cadastral case (information about the subject of the right to the plot, location, purpose, divisibility, servitudes and encumbrances, area and composition of land, their qualitative characteristic, bonitet score and site cost, etc.). That is, at the same time there is a process of entering information for the main and current accounting of land, compiling balance sheets and reports.
Registration preceded legal registration boundaries on the ground, with the elimination of shortcomings in land use (land) and determining the exact position of the boundaries, fixing the boundaries with boundary marks, measuring linear and angular values along the boundaries of the site, computational processing and linking the data obtained, determining the total area and drawing up a site plan. These works are carried out in the order of inter-farm land management. At the same time, we note that here, too, computer technology is now being used.
So, on the basis of the program, by entering into the computer the coordinates of the turning points of the borders and the data of angular and linear measurements of the borders, the operator can issue a prepared plan of the land plot, with all the calculations of the areas, and the necessary information. At the same time, both the plan and the state act for the right to use or the right to property are made on the computer.
Carrying out the above works allows to issue to the land user or owner the main legal document - a state act. Temporary use of land is formalized by lease agreements, acts, decisions of legislative bodies and other documents confirming the legality of land use.
The documents of state registration of a land plot indicate the name of the land user or owner, its location, the grounds for granting the land plot, its area, the purposes and purpose for which it was granted. Changes occurring in the legal status of land use (sale or exchange of a plot, division, change in area, boundaries, etc.) should be reflected in state registration documents and current land records. Registration is carried out in the state land - cadastral book of the district (city), all land plots are subject to registration, regardless of the category of land. Like other real estate objects, land plots are subject to legal state registration with real estate registration authorities.
The accumulation of data is carried out at the level of the respective administrative districts (cities), where information on the cadastral number of the site, the name of the subject of right to the site and its location, acts of executive bodies and other documents, location and size, appraised value of the plot and land use rights, intended purpose, divisibility and indivisibility, easements for the land plot, restrictions on use established by the executive bodies. The specified data are systematized by forms of ownership and land categories.
The main taxonomic units of classification of the land fund of the Republic of Kazakhstan are zonal types of lands, identified during the natural and agricultural zoning of the country's land fund, suitability categories and land classes. The class characteristic within each zonal type is displayed by land types or soil groups.
Zonal land types geographically coincide with the boundaries of natural and agricultural zones and express the zonal conditions of the natural environment and the general directions of the predominant use of land for agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry, etc. The current classification of the land fund provides for the allocation of the following categories of suitability: - 1) land suitable for arable farming; 2) suitable mainly for hayfields; 3) pasture lands; 4) suitable for agricultural land after primary reclamation; 5) unsuitable for agricultural land; 6) unsuitable for agricultural land; 7) disturbed lands;
The assignment of lands to a certain category of suitability, class and type of lands is carried out according to the signs and properties that significantly affect the nature and specifics of their possible use as part of certain lands. Accounting for the quantity and quality of land within the types of land is carried out according to the mechanical composition of soils, the degree of salinity, alkalinity, waterlogging, stoniness, erosion, humus reserves, terrain, etc.
Land quality accounting materials provide a description and the necessary information to address the issues of land transformation, soil protection from erosion, pollution, identification of reserves for the development of new lands through their melioration and reclamation, zoning of the territory, development of agricultural systems, forecasting the use of land resources, carrying out appraisal and economic evaluation lands.
The state land - cadastral book consists of four sections:
Section 1 takes into account all land plots, indicating their cadastral number, name of the subject of law, acts of executive bodies, location of the plot and subject of law, purpose, divisibility, easements and restrictions on use;
section 2 takes into account areas by types of land and separately irrigated;
Section 3 takes into account the quality of lands by land classes and features that affect fertility, the cultural and technical condition of hayfields and pastures;
Section 4 provides indicators of the assessed value of a land plot and land use rights.
At automated management cadastre, filling in the above tables is carried out by entering information into a computer, which allows you to keep basic and current land records, store information on magnetic media, work with it (group, add by accumulation method by levels (district, city, region), receive reporting data, if necessary, correct them, issue information, including electronic maps of sites, quarters, territories, districts, etc.
In order to clarify and update cadastral data:
owners of land plots and land users, authorized persons and bodies of akims of administrative-territorial units annually submit to the district committee a report on prescribed form on ongoing changes in the composition of land as of January 1 following the reporting year;
the state agency for land management and its territorial bodies draw up reports on the availability, quality condition and use of land by districts, cities, regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan as of January 1 of the year following the reporting year, including in them:
annually - information on the availability and changes in the areas of agricultural land (separately irrigated and drained), their distribution by category, owners and land users, as well as information on the sale of land plots into state ownership, on the withdrawal of used and irrationally used lands, and on allotted lands , which are in state ownership, for non-agricultural needs; - once every 5 years - information required to collect payment for the provided land, information on the availability of land and their distribution by category, land, owners and land users, ongoing changes in land areas, the quality of land, their cadastral assessment and development of the territory.
The preparation of a report on the district (city) is carried out by the agency's specialists on computers, all the necessary information, primarily the data of the main and current accounting, is already available in the computer database in the form of a state land cadastral book in the form of tables, the received reports of land owners and land users are verified with accounting data, changes are made. After that, by filling out tabular forms on the computer annual report, receive digital information to the report, which is supplemented by a text part (explanatory note) and a graphic - cadastral map of the district (city). Numerical part of the report, i.e. cadastre information is presented in the form of form 22 of the state statistical reporting, with applications (form 22a, application No. 1, No. 2, form 3 land, applications No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, No. 5, No. 7, No. 8, No. 9, No. 10, No. 11; form No. 1 land management , and etc.).
