To find the right approach to budgeting for electrical installation, you should start with the order of work. When an electrician is carried out in an apartment, then all work is divided into two stages:
The markup, in turn, includes:
Direct installation includes the following steps:
In general, the entire electrical installation in the apartment can be divided into:
The estimate for the electrical installation of an apartment consists of two parts - the cost of the work of electricians and the cost of basic and consumables. Includes the following items: electrical appliances for various purposes, cables and wires, fasteners, switchboard equipment, lighting electrical appliances, consumables, etc.
Another important nuance . Unlike general construction estimates, the estimate for the electrician does not provide for a certain supply of necessary materials. It is assumed that everything will be purchased as needed directly during installation.
You can consider marking each stage separately.
Dismantling . It includes the dismantling of old sockets and switches, and, if necessary, the removal of old or failed wiring.
When preparing estimates for dismantling items, estimators use prices from the collections GESNr-67-(01-05), FERr-67-(01-05) and TERr-67-(01-05), although many also use prices for installation, multiplying them by the coefficient K = 0.3.
wall chasing . To mark these works, prices from the collections of ENiR 46-03-012 or from the repair collections of GESNr-69, FERr-69 and TERr-69 are suitable in positions relative to cutting holes in the walls manually or using mechanisms.
Laying cables and electrical wiring . Cable laying is carried out either openly - in boxes, or hidden - under plaster or above suspended ceilings, in a way. For apartments, the second method is considered the most aesthetic and safest. But it has one significant drawback - if the wiring is damaged, it will be difficult to quickly replace it, you will have to lay a new one.
For positions for laying cables and wires in apartments, prices from the collections GESNm-08-02-(395-422), FERm-08-02-(395-422), TERm-08-02-(395-422) are applied.
Installation of electrical equipment . This section includes the installation of sockets and switches, as well as the connection of lighting fixtures, junction boxes, meters, and the replacement of group shields.
For these works, prices from the following repair collections GESNr-67-(05-15), FERr-67-(05-15) and TERr-67-(05-15) are used. Or GESNm-08-03-(591-594), FERm-08-03-(591-594), TERm-08-03-(591-594).
Connecting cables . The wiring and connection of conductors of cables or wires can be found in the collections GESNm-08-03-574-(01-09), FERm-08-03-574-(01-09), TERm-08-03-574-(01- 09).
Commissioning works. All types commissioning, produced in residential buildings, such as measuring resistance or voltage, checking grounding, monitoring insulation, etc., can be found in the collections of prices for commissioning and commissioning of GESNp-01, FERp-01 and TERp-01.
Depending on the number of rooms in the apartment, the cost of electrical installation differs only in the amount of work, as well as in the amount of materials used in the installation.
According to the standard, the following number of electrical appliances installed in a one-room apartment is required:
Prices for types of electrical work differ depending on the material of the walls - they are higher for concrete than for brick. The standard volumes for some work for a one-room apartment are as follows:
Some other types of additional prices are added to the estimate, for example, for dismantling, for electric lighting, connecting fans, meters, calls, etc.
For a two-room apartment, the number of sockets for rooms is already taken as 10, instead of 5, and the number of switches and junction boxes becomes 6. The approximate scope of electrical work for a two-room apartment will be as follows:
When preparing an estimate for electrical installation three-room apartment the required number of sockets for rooms will be 15, and the number of mounted switches with boxes will be 7. The following volumes are already taken for electrical installation:
Prices can be taken from the collections above. The bulkhead of the shield on the stairwell is the same for a different number of rooms. It should be remembered that when marking the costs of electrical installation in an apartment, you must first divide it into four blocks:
Prices for the materials used are taken from the collections of SCM, TSC and FSNB or according to price lists.
Download an example estimate at electro installation work in the apartment -
As you know, any apartment renovation begins with electrical work. It is necessary to clearly define the layout of future furniture so that new sockets and switches are not located behind it or in places where they are not required.
The most important and significant is the planning stage; in a private house or apartment, you need to carefully consider in advance:
Installing electrics in the kitchen for new furniture is perhaps the most important stage in planning the electrical network of an apartment. The modern kitchen requires a lot of attention, as the most energy-intensive room in any apartment, private house. We advise you to read the recommendations for wiring in the kitchen. Calculate the cost of installing electrical wiring and transferring sockets for the kitchen to order following our instructions. Download quote now
Electrician in the kitchenInstallation of electrical wiring for overhaul apartments, the construction of a private house is carried out in two stages. From the beginning, a rough electrical installation is carried out, after finishing, installation work is performed. You can learn more about the procedure for conducting electrical work in an apartment in the section
Where to start repairGood electrical wiring is essential to ensure safety and reliability. Coziness, safety, comfort - these are the main requirements for the future living quarters. If you miss so important point during the overhaul of an apartment or the construction of a private house, then in the future a lot of problems may appear that will be difficult to eliminate without significant financial costs. Poor-quality electrical wiring can cause a fire and deprive not only property, but also life.
Saving on electricity is unacceptable. Electrical work must be carried out immediately in full using high-quality electrical materials, then the wiring of the apartment will last for many years. By purchasing low-quality electrical materials, you run the risk of facing high financial costs in the future for troubleshooting in electrical network your house.
As a rule, wiring from the developer is always carried out to a minimum, without taking into account modern requirements. Owners of apartments in new buildings should take care of upgrading existing wiring to connect powerful household appliances - washing machines and dishwashers, air conditioners, water heaters, etc.
In most cases, the electrical wiring from the developer is made of low-quality materials in violation of the requirements of SNIP and PUE in force in Russia. It is almost impossible to check the quality of electrical work performed in a new building. Electrical wiring is laid in the walls and ceilings of the building. There is a high probability that after the repair of the apartment the light will stop turning on, the sockets will stop working. It's a shame? Therefore, before starting an expensive repair, it is necessary to carry out electrical work to eliminate a possible marriage of electrical wiring in a new building from the developer. Learn about the main disadvantages of electricians in a new building.
Electricity in a new buildingCeiling electrical wiring
Draft wiring in a new building
Installation of socket boxes in drywall
Photos of a one-room, two-room, three-room apartment, a private house in St. Petersburg (St. Petersburg) and Len. areas where we performed turnkey electrical wiring. Electrical work was carried out according to electrical and design projects, according to those. to the task and wishes of customers, taking into account the current requirements of the PUE and SNIP.
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ReadThis article is a continuation of the shortcomings of electrical wiring in new homes. In pursuit of savings on materials and the search for low-paid labor, the developer often neglects the quality of electrical wiring.
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Works on the installation of electrical equipment are among the most common, as they include a number of different processes: lighting, burglar alarms, laying power cables, power supply to auxiliary premises. In order to do all this qualitatively, a properly drawn up estimate of electrical work is necessary.
The estimate for electrical work refers to, which can then be included in the object financial documents. This includes laying cables, connecting to electrical networks, installing shields and junction boxes, installing sockets, switches and electrical appliances, and much more. At the same time, it is important to accurately or approximately understand the amount of funds needed in order to assess your capabilities and, if necessary, adjust the calculations.
To prepare a reasonable calculation, first of all, a package of documents should be drawn up, on the basis of which an estimate will be formed. It usually includes:
For residential customers, the first two documents from the above list are usually sufficient. If it's about industrial enterprises, then a number of additional papers may be needed: an order for the delivery of equipment, a document on the limitation of operational liability, an act confirming balance affiliation object.
Before drawing up a diagram, the customer, together with an electrician, should consider the range of all devices that will consume current and determine their location in the house. The sum of the powers of all devices indicates the total power consumption, which should be compared with the maximum load allowed for the power line to which the connection is made.
The type and power of each device, the conditions for its placement depend on the cross-section of the wire and the type of insulation, and, consequently, the technical characteristics, prices and cost of the entire wiring system in the house. When drawing up a diagram, an electrician divides devices into groups with separate lines. Powerful devices (electric stove, washing machine, boiler) must have separate lines with a total load of no more than 5 kW. After that, the placement of low-power devices (lights, sockets, switches) and junction boxes is detailed. Approximately the scheme may look like this: 
As a result, according to the scheme drawn up and agreed with the customer, the contractor begins to form a local estimate.
After preparing the schematic diagram, the calculation of the cost of the entire process begins. It can vary greatly depending on the materials and devices used, the condition of the object, the list necessary work. The customer must control the process of drawing up the document in order to be able to correct it if necessary.
So, the next steps in preparing an estimate are as follows:
If the costs exceed the budget planned by the customer, then you need to carefully review all costs, and, if possible, replace some of them with cheaper ones. Alternatively, you can reduce the number of electrical outlets (for example, replace the ceiling lighting with a regular chandelier or reduce the number of outlets).
Such a discussion is best carried out directly on the site so that there are no misunderstandings.
The estimate of an electrician for an apartment or a private house is formed from two tables:
The calculation of materials is carried out on the basis of the calculation of the parameters displayed in the diagram. Usually, contractors, if we are not talking about expensive materials, round their number up to be able to carry out work if small inaccuracies have crept into the calculations. The table indicates the amount of material in natural units of measure (pieces, meters), the unit price and the amount for each item.
First, all the necessary components for the installation of electrical wiring (cables, sockets, switches) are entered in the table, then the elements of automation and the shield, after which the consumables that are necessary for the installation (dowels, clamps, self-tapping screws, etc.) are indicated. Sometimes contractors place in a separate table the installation of switches, sockets, chandeliers and lamps, which are most often purchased by the customer in accordance with their personal preferences.
If you need to change all the electrics in an old house, then the final price will be much higher than in a new building. This is due to the fact that it is necessary to perform a laborious and expensive process of dismantling electrical appliances, a shield and wiring. Also of great importance is the material from which the building is built (concrete, brick or wood), the finish used.
The choice of wiring method is a matter of agreement between the customer and the contractor. The hidden method, which is more familiar to all of us, when the cable is laid in a strobe knocked out in the wall or hidden behind finishing elements (panels, suspended ceilings), is used in rooms where people live (multi-storey and private houses). It has a number of advantages, in particular, the cable is not exposed to external influences, lasts a long time and eliminates electric shock to residents. However, correcting any problem will require damage to the interior and its subsequent repair.
The open method is much cheaper, since it involves placing cables in special trays or corrugated plastic pipes that are attached to the ceiling or walls with plastic brackets. Most often, this type of wiring is used in residential buildings from timber or logs, as well as in non-residential premises(garages, barns, production workshops, livestock farms). An open cable laying method is less aesthetic than a hidden one, but it is much cheaper (sometimes at times) and allows easy and quick access to the network in case of a breakdown.
When carrying out electrical work, one should not forget about the quality of external wiring (on the external surfaces of structures, supports). It is not worth saving on its insulation, it must be resistant to mechanical stress, frost-resistant, and immune to insolation. In such cases, it is better not to experiment and strictly follow the approved "Electrical Installation Rules".
Not all customers, especially private ones, are well versed in electricity, sometimes unscrupulous firms can take advantage of this and "wind up" the price. To avoid this, before concluding a contract, you should go to specialized stores and find out the order of prices. However, much simpler and quick option is an internet search. Many construction companies post on their websites up-to-date information on the prices of some works (wall chasing, installation of a meter, socket, switch), and building supermarkets - prices for the necessary goods.
You can also find special online calculators on the network, where you need to enter the necessary parameters and get an approximate calculation of the expected costs. This, of course, cannot be considered an estimate of the performance of work, however, such calculations can serve as an aid in discussions with the contractor.
It is necessary to calculate the cost of work and materials before electrical wiring in an apartment or a private house and for settlement with the customer after the work has been completed. Estimates are needed for clarity and so-called transparency in the calculations of an electrician with a customer.
The estimate for the power supply of a private house or apartment consists of a local estimate for the cost of electrical work performed and the cost of electrical materials.
First, a preliminary estimate for electrical work and the materials necessary for installation are considered. It is possible to make a preliminary calculation of the estimate at the facility, during the first meeting with the customer. It is performed on a tablet, in the field - at a construction site, and therefore it must be understood that inaccuracies are possible. But the order of amounts for work and materials will be correct, that is, changes at times are excluded.
The most accurate calculation is possible when working at a computer, after the drawing is made. On the architectural plan object, the placement of sockets, switches and lamps is done, then junction boxes are applied, the locations of the junction boxes may change during installation, but their number will most likely remain the same.
After all calculations are completed, the electrician's estimate for work and materials, along with the drawing, is provided to the customer, usually sent by e-mail.
The second stage of work with estimates is to fill in the estimate with accurate data, all this is done during the wiring process.
After all electrical installation work is completed, a general calculation is made and a ready, completed estimate is provided to the customer.
For example, a sample estimate for the power supply of a private house is presented, the total area is about 130 square meters. The purchase of sockets, switches and lamps is usually carried out by the customer.
Drawing up an estimate, a sample of which is presented in Excel format, consists in filling in the corresponding cells, in the corresponding rows and columns.
The estimate consists of three main sheets. The first sheet is a sheet with the main calculations between the contractor, represented by an electrician, and the customer, represented by the owner of the house or apartment. This sheet shows discounts, as a percentage and in rubles. Also, the total amount for the work performed without discounts is shown, total amount discounts and the total amount for the work performed with discounts.
The second sheet is an estimate for all electrical and repair work. The estimate consists of lists of works of the three main components of electrical installation in a private house or apartment: the first part is the installation of electrical wiring, the second part is the installation of switchboards and automation, the third part is installation work, that is, work on the installation of sockets, switches, lamps and other wiring products or devices. And repair work - such work is possible at facilities where the "masters" have already worked.
The third sheet is an estimate for materials, usually a preliminary estimate for electrical materials for installation and installation. It consists of three parts. The first part contains a list of electrical materials for the installation of electrical wiring, the second part consists of a list of materials necessary for the installation of switchboards and automation. And in the third part of the estimate, a list of materials for installation work is presented.
For each object, a new estimate is drawn up, while adding the necessary, additional positions or removing unnecessary positions.
The example shows a preliminary estimate for the installation of electrical wiring, shields and automation, without the installation of sockets, switches and lamps, and a preliminary estimate for materials.
A drawing for calculating an estimate is not a house power supply project. It is done on one sheet for clarity and convenience when calculating estimates. All drawing work, at the preliminary stage, is performed as additional work in the calculations. It takes time to make a project, and at this stage there is no clarity in the intentions of the customer and it is necessary to calculate and provide the customer with an estimate with all the costs of electrical installation as soon as possible, and clarify the intentions!
I would like to note one important point - the preparation, calculation of estimates - this is work. But, almost always the cost of this work is included in the discount. This must be remembered!
Estimate - a calculation plan that displays all the upcoming costs for the implementation of a particular project. Drawing up estimates for electrical work- a very time-consuming process that requires a professional approach on the part of the performer. Without this document, it will not be possible to find out the exact amount of expenses for the implementation of certain works. The whole process of budgeting can be divided into several main stages.
There are two types of estimates for electrical wiring and equipment:
In simple words, if you need to calculate the cost of laying, for example, wires in one office or workshop, look for a compilation sample local estimate. But complex calculations will be needed, for example, during the construction of a new facility or during its comprehensive repair.
So, before starting any calculations, it is necessary to collect a certain package of documentation, which includes:
The listed documents must not only be collected, but also carefully studied the information presented in them. Particular attention should be paid explanatory note and power supply plan.
After collecting and processing all official information about the object, the estimator must determine whether the forthcoming costs are justified. The specialist will be able to answer this question only after he gets acquainted with the current tariffs for each type of upcoming work. It is also necessary to compare the actual conditions in which the electrical installation will be carried out with the information submitted on paper.
After the equipment costs are calculated, compare them with the amount included in the project budget. If the waste exceeds what was planned, look for similar equipment options at a lower price.
An important stage in the preparation of estimates is the choice of a contractor company providing electrical installation services. Your opinion about the organization should be formed not only by dry calculations of the cost of services, but also by reviews of previous clients. The costs of finding a contractor and making an agreement with the workers are also included in the estimate.
After collecting and processing all the information, it comes time to draw up the final estimate, which can be of two types:
It is easy to guess that a better, more complete and useful estimate will be drawn up on the basis of a larger number of documents and taking into account all the nuances of specific electrical work.
The range of works that should not be missed in the estimate
Be sure to take into account the cost of labor for installers in the estimate. Without these data, information on project costs will be considered incomplete. In addition, do not forget to write the following works in the official document:
Let us consider in more detail the structure of the local estimate for cable laying. On the title page the document must indicate the date of its compilation, as well as the initials of those officials with whom it was agreed and approved. In addition, the name of the construction site where the electrical work will be carried out should be written.
The above information should be placed in two columns, one of which indicates base price, and the other one is the current one.
You also need to specify the date on which the prices of works and equipment were calculated. You can designate this information, for example, with the following phrase: "The estimate is made in prices for June 2017." All other information of the document will be presented in a schematic form. In the so-called "header" of the table, the following columns should be indicated:
Such an estimate may consist of several sections (categories), into which it is conditionally possible to “sort” all electrical work. For example, manipulations for the dismantling of old devices will be placed in the first section, and work on wiring and connecting the cores of new wires - in the second.
At the end of the document, it is necessary to indicate the total amount of costs for the implementation of electrical work, indicate the name of the contractor and the verifier of the estimate, and then certify the document with their signatures.
As you can see, budgeting is a complex and multifaceted process. It is important not only to have the skills of financial calculation, but also to know the basics of electrical installation, otherwise the estimator will not be able to deal with the entire list of works and features of professional equipment. That is why specially trained personnel, professional estimators are in demand, which enterprises hire to perform various kinds of calculations and draw up financial reporting for upcoming electrical work.
