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MINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING AND UTILITIES
FARMS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
ORDER
ON THE APPROVAL OF SP 54.13330 "SNIP 31-01-2003
BUILDINGS RESIDENTIAL APARTMENTS"
In accordance with the Rules for the development, approval, publication, amendment and cancellation of sets of rules approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 1, 2016 N 624, subparagraph 5.2.9 of paragraph 5 of the Regulations on the Ministry of Construction and Housing public utilities of the Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 18, 2013 N 1038, paragraph 59 of the Plan for the development and approval of sets of rules and updating previously approved sets of rules, building codes and rules for 2015 and the planning period until 2017, approved by order of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation of June 30, 2015 N 470 / pr, as amended by the order of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation dated September 14, 2015 N 659 / pr, I order:
1. Approve and put into effect 6 months from the date of issuance of this order SP 54.13330 "SNiP 31-01-2003 Residential multi-apartment buildings" in accordance with the appendix (not given).
2. Since the entry into force of SP 54.13330 "SNiP 31-01-2003 Residential multi-apartment buildings" recognize as not applicable SP 54.13330.2011 "SNiP 31-01-2003 Residential multi-apartment buildings", approved by order of the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation of December 24 2010 N 778, with the exception of paragraphs of SP 54.13330.2011 "SNiP 31-01-2003 Residential multi-apartment buildings", included in the List of national standards and sets of rules (parts of such standards and sets of rules), as a result of which, on a mandatory basis, it is ensured compliance federal law"Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures", approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 26, 2014 N 1521 (hereinafter referred to as the List), before the relevant changes are made to the List.
(see text in previous edition)
3. The Department of Urban Development and Architecture, within 15 days from the date of issue of the order, send the approved SP 54.13330 "SNiP 31-01-2003 Residential multi-apartment buildings" for registration to the national body of the Russian Federation for standardization.
4. The Department of Urban Development and Architecture shall ensure the publication on the official website of the Ministry of Construction of Russia in the information and telecommunication network "Internet" of the text of the approved SP 54.13330 "SNiP 31-01-2003 Residential multi-apartment buildings" in electronic digital form within 10 days from the date of registration of the code rules by the national body of the Russian Federation for standardization.
Code of rules SP-54.13330.2011
"SNiP 31-01-2003. RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS"
Updated edition of SNiP 31-01-2003
With changes:
Multicompartment residential buildings
1.1 This set of rules applies to the design and construction of newly built and reconstructed multi-apartment residential buildings with a height * (1) up to 75 m (hereinafter adopted in accordance with SP 2.13130), including apartment-type dormitories, as well as residential premises, included in the premises of buildings of other functional purposes.
4.3 When designing and constructing a residential building, conditions must be provided for the life of people with limited mobility, the accessibility of the site, building and apartments for the disabled and the elderly using wheelchairs, if the placement of apartments for families with disabled people in this residential building is established in the design assignment .
Specialized apartment buildings for the elderly should be designed no higher than nine floors, for families with disabilities - no more than five. In other types of residential buildings, apartments for families with disabilities should be located, as a rule, on the ground floors.
In residential buildings of state and municipal housing stock, the share of apartments for families with disabled people using wheelchairs is established in the design task by local governments. Specific requirements for ensuring the life of the disabled and other people with limited mobility should be provided for, taking into account local conditions and the requirements of SP 59.13330. Two-way traffic of disabled people in wheelchairs should be provided only in specialized residential buildings for the elderly and for families with disabled people. At the same time, the width of the corridors must be taken at least 1.8 m.
4.4 The project must include instructions for the operation of apartments and public premises of the building, which must contain the data necessary for tenants (owners) of apartments and built-in public premises, as well as operating organizations to ensure safety during operation, including: concealed wiring diagrams, locations ventilation ducts, other elements of the building and its equipment, in respect of which construction activities should not be carried out by residents and tenants during operation. In addition, the instruction should include rules for the maintenance and maintenance of fire protection systems and an evacuation plan in case of fire.
4.4a Re-planning and reconstruction of apartments must be carried out in accordance with the rules of Article 26 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation.
4.5 Residential buildings should be provided with: domestic drinking and hot water supply, sewerage and drains in accordance with SP 30.13330 and SP 31.13330; heating, ventilation, smoke protection - in accordance with SP 60.13330. Fire water supply, smoke protection should be provided in accordance with the requirements of SP 10.13130 and SP 7.13130.
4.6 Residential buildings should be provided with electric lighting, power electrical equipment, telephone, radio, television antennas and bell alarms, as well as automatic fire alarms, warning and evacuation control systems in case of fire, elevators for transporting fire departments, means of saving people, fire protection systems in accordance with requirements normative documents on fire safety, as well as others engineering systems provided by the design assignment.
4.7 On the roofs of residential buildings, provision should be made for the installation of antennas for the collective reception of transmissions and racks of wired broadcasting networks. Installation of radio relay masts and towers is prohibited.
4.8 Paragraphs 1 and 2 do not apply from June 4, 2017 - Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated December 3, 2016 N 883 / pr
The cabin of one of the elevators must be 2100 mm deep or wide (depending on the layout) to accommodate a person on a sanitary stretcher.
The width of the cabin doors of one of the elevators must ensure the passage of a wheelchair.
When building on existing 5-storey residential buildings, it is recommended to provide elevators. In buildings equipped with an elevator, it is allowed not to provide for an elevator stop in the superstructured floor.
In residential buildings in which apartments are provided on floors above the first floor for families with disabled people who use wheelchairs for movement, as well as in specialized residential buildings for the elderly and for families with disabled people, passenger elevators or lifting platforms must be provided in accordance with the requirements SP 59.13330, GOST R 51630, GOST R 51631 and GOST R 53296.
4.9 The width of the platforms in front of the elevators should allow the use of an elevator for transporting a patient on an ambulance stretcher and be at least, m:
1, 5 - in front of elevators with a carrying capacity of 630 kg with a cabin width of 2100 mm;
2, 1 - in front of elevators with a carrying capacity of 630 kg with a cabin depth of 2100 mm.
With a two-row arrangement of elevators, the width of the elevator hall must be at least, m:
1, 8 - when installing elevators with a cabin depth of less than 2100 mm;
2, 5 - when installing elevators with a cabin depth of 2100 mm or more.
4.10 In the basement, basement, first and second floors of a residential building (in large and largest cities * (2) on the third floor), it is allowed to place built-in and built-in-attached public premises, with the exception of objects that have a harmful effect on humans.
It is not allowed to post:
specialized stores of mosquito-chemical and other goods, the operation of which may lead to pollution of the territory and air of residential buildings; premises, including shops with the storage of liquefied gases, flammable and combustible liquids, explosives capable of exploding and burning when interacting with water, atmospheric oxygen or with each other, goods in aerosol packaging, pyrotechnic products;
shops selling synthetic carpets, auto parts, tires and motor oils;
specialized fish shops; warehouses for any purpose, including wholesale (or small wholesale) trade, except storage facilities that are part of public institutions that have emergency exits isolated from the escape routes of the residential part of the building (the rule does not apply to built-in parking lots);
consumer service establishments that use flammable substances (except for hairdressers and watch repair shops with a total area of up to 300 m 2); baths;
catering and leisure enterprises with more than 50 seats, with a total area of more than 250 m 2 all enterprises operating with musical accompaniment, including discos, dance studios, theaters, and casinos;
laundries and dry cleaners (except for collection points and self-service laundries with a capacity of up to 75 kg per shift); automatic telephone exchanges with a total area of more than 100 m 2 ; public toilets, institutions and shops of funeral services; built-in and attached transformer substations;
industrial premises (except for premises of categories B and D for the work of disabled people and older people, including: points for issuing work at home, workshops for assembly and decorative work); dental laboratories, clinical diagnostic and bacteriological laboratories; dispensaries of all types; day hospitals of dispensaries and hospitals of private clinics: trauma centers, ambulance and emergency medical substations; dermatovenerological, psychiatric, infectious and phthisiatric rooms for medical appointments; departments (rooms) of magnetic resonance imaging;
X-ray rooms, as well as rooms with medical or diagnostic equipment and installations that are sources of ionizing radiation exceeding the permissible level established by sanitary and epidemiological rules, veterinary clinics and offices.
Shops selling synthetic carpet products may be attached to the blind sections of the walls of residential buildings with a fire resistance limit of REI 150.
4.11 In the basement and basement floors of residential buildings it is not allowed to place premises for storage, processing and use in various installations and devices of flammable and combustible liquids and liquefied gases, explosives; rooms for children; cinemas, conference halls and other halls with more than 50 seats, saunas, as well as medical institutions. When placing other premises on these floors, one should also take into account the restrictions established in 4.10 of this document and in Appendix D of SNiP 31-06.
4.12 Loading of public premises from the side of the courtyard of a residential building, where the windows of the living rooms of apartments and entrances to residential part at home, in order to protect residents from noise and exhaust gases is not allowed.
Loading of public premises built into residential buildings should be carried out: from the ends of residential buildings that do not have windows; from underground tunnels; from highways (streets) in the presence of special loading rooms.
It is allowed not to provide for the indicated loading rooms with an area of built-in public rooms up to 150 m 2.
5.5 Placement of apartments and living rooms in the basement and basement floors of residential buildings is not allowed.
5.8 The height (from floor to ceiling) of living rooms and the kitchen (kitchen-dining room) in climatic regions IA, IB, IG, ID and IVA must be at least 2.7 m, and in other climatic regions - at least 2.5 m .
The height of intra-apartment corridors, halls, front, mezzanines (and under them) is determined by the conditions for the safety of people's movement and should be at least 2.1 m.
In living rooms and kitchens of apartments located in the attic floor (or upper floors with inclined enclosing structures), a lower ceiling height is allowed relative to the normalized area, not exceeding 50%.
6.2 The structures and foundations of the building must be designed to withstand constant loads from the own weight of the supporting and enclosing structures; temporary uniformly distributed and concentrated loads on floors; snow and wind loads for a given construction area. The normative values of the listed loads, taking into account unfavorable combinations of loads or the corresponding forces, limit values for deflections and displacements of structures, as well as the values of the load safety factors must be taken in accordance with the requirements of SP 20.13330.
When calculating the structures and foundations of buildings, the additional requirements of the customer-builder specified in the design assignment should also be taken into account, for example, for the placement of fireplaces, heavy equipment for public facilities built into a residential building; to fastening heavy elements of interior equipment to walls and ceilings.
6.5 When calculating a building with a height of more than 40 m for a wind load, in addition to the conditions of strength and stability of the building and its individual structural elements, restrictions must be provided on the vibration parameters of the ceilings of the upper floors, due to the requirements for living comfort.
6.6 In case of occurrence during the reconstruction of additional loads and impacts on the remaining part of the residential building, its load-bearing and enclosing structures, as well as the foundation soils, must be checked for these loads and impacts in accordance with applicable documents, regardless of the physical wear of the structures.
In this case, one should take into account the actual bearing capacity of the foundation soils as a result of their change during the operation period, as well as the increase in the strength of concrete in concrete and reinforced concrete structures over time.
6.7 When reconstructing a residential building, one should take into account changes in its structural scheme that occur during the operation of this building (including the appearance of new openings that are additional to the original design solution, as well as the impact of the repair of structures or their strengthening).
6.8 When reconstructing residential buildings with a change in the location of sanitary facilities, appropriate additional measures should be taken for hydro-, noise- and vibration isolation, as well as, if necessary, reinforcement of floors on which the equipment of these sanitary facilities is to be installed.
7.1.2 The allowable building height and floor area within the fire compartment are determined depending on the degree of fire resistance and the structural fire hazard class according to Table 7.1.
Table 7.1
|
The degree of fire resistance of the building |
Building constructive fire hazard class |
The highest allowable height of the building, m |
The largest allowable floor area of the fire compartment, m2 |
|
Not standardized | |||
|
Note - The degree of fire resistance of a building with unheated extensions should be taken according to the degree of fire resistance of the heated part of the building. |
|||
7.1.4 The structures of galleries in gallery houses must comply with the requirements adopted for the floors of these buildings.
7.1.5 In buildings of I, II degrees of fire resistance, to ensure the required fire resistance limit of the bearing elements of the building, only structural fire protection should be used.
7.1.6 Bearing elements of two-story buildings of the IV degree of fire resistance must have a fire resistance of at least R 30.
7.1.7 Intersectional, inter-apartment walls and partitions, as well as walls and partitions separating non-apartment corridors, halls and vestibules from other premises, must comply with the requirements set forth in Table 7.1a.
Intersectional and inter-apartment walls and partitions must be deaf and comply with the requirements of the Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements.
7.1.8 The fire resistance limit of interior partitions is not standardized. The fire hazard class of interior cabinet, collapsible and sliding partitions is not standardized. The fire hazard class of other interior partitions, including those with doors, must comply with the requirements of the Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements.
Table 7.1a
|
Enclosing structure |
The minimum fire resistance limit and the permissible fire hazard class of the structure for the building of the fire resistance degree and the structural fire hazard class |
||
|
I-III, C0 and C1 | |||
|
Intersectional wall | |||
|
Intersectional partition | |||
|
Inter-apartment wall | |||
|
Interroom partition | |||
|
Wall separating non-apartment corridors from other premises | |||
|
Partition separating non-apartment corridors from other premises | |||
|
_____________________________ * For buildings of class C1, K1 is allowed. ** For buildings of class C2, K2 is allowed. |
|||
7.1.9 Partitions between storerooms in the basement and basement floors of buildings of II degree of fire resistance up to 5 floors inclusive, as well as in buildings of III and IV degrees of fire resistance, it is allowed to design with a non-standardized fire resistance limit and fire hazard class. Partitions separating the technical corridor (including the technical corridor for laying communications) of the basement and basement floors from the rest of the premises must be type 1 fireproof.
7.1.10 Technical, basement, ground floors and attics should be divided by fire partitions of the 1st type into compartments with an area of \u200b\u200bno more than 500 m 2 in non-sectional residential buildings, and in sectional ones - in sections.
7.1.11 Fencing of loggias and balconies in buildings with a height of three floors or more, as well as external sun protection in buildings of I, II and III degrees of fire resistance with a height of 5 floors or more, must be made of non-combustible NG materials.
7.1.12 Public premises built into residential buildings should be separated from the premises of the residential part by deaf fire walls, partitions and ceilings with a fire resistance rating of at least REI 45, or EI 45, respectively, and in buildings of the I degree of fire resistance - by type 2 ceilings.
7.1.13 The garbage collection chamber must have an independent entrance, isolated from the entrance to the building by a blank wall, and be distinguished by fire partitions and ceilings with fire resistance limits of at least REI 60 and fire hazard class K0.
7.1.14 Roofing, rafters and attic sheathing may be made of combustible materials. In buildings with attics (with the exception of buildings of the V degree of fire resistance), when installing rafters and lathing from combustible materials, it is not allowed to use roofs made of combustible materials, and the rafters and lathing should be subjected to fire retardant treatment. With constructive protection of these structures, they should not contribute to the latent spread of combustion.
7.1.15 The paragraph does not apply from June 4, 2017 - Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia of December 3, 2016 N 883 / pr
If there are windows in a residential building oriented to the built-in part of the building, the level of the roof at the junction should not exceed the floor mark above the living quarters of the main part of the building.
7.1.16 Not applicable from June 4, 2017 - Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated December 3, 2016 N 883 / pr
7.2.1 The greatest distances from the doors of the apartments to the staircase or exit to the outside should be taken according to table 7.2.
Table 7.2
In a section of a residential building, when exiting apartments into a corridor (hall) that does not have a window opening at the end, the distance from the door of the most remote apartment to the exit directly to the staircase or exit to the vestibule or elevator passage hall leading to the air zone of the smoke-free staircase, should not exceed 12 m, if there is a window opening or smoke exhaust in the corridor (hall), this distance can be taken according to Table 7.2 as for a dead-end corridor.
7.2.2 The width of the corridor must be at least, m: if its length between the stairs or the end of the corridor and the stairs is up to 40 m - 1, 4, over 40 m - 1, 6, the width of the gallery is not less than 1, 2 m. Corridors should separated by partitions with doors of fire resistance El 30, equipped with shutters and located at a distance of no more than 30 m from one another and from the ends of the corridor.
7.2.3 It is allowed to provide glazed doors in stairwells and elevator halls, at the same time - with reinforced glass. Other types of impact resistant glazing may be used.
7.2.4 The number of emergency exits from the floor and the type of staircases should be taken in accordance with the requirements of the Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements and SP 1.13130.
7.2.5 In residential buildings with a height of less than 28 m, designed for placement in climatic region IV and climatic subregion IIIB, it is allowed to install external open stairs made of non-combustible materials instead of staircases.
7.2.6 In residential buildings of the corridor (gallery) type, with a total floor area of apartments up to 500 m 2, it is allowed to provide access to one stairwell of type H1 with a building height of more than 28 m or type L1 with a building height of less than 28 m, provided that in at the ends of the corridors (gallery) there are exits to the external stairs of the 3rd type, leading to the level of the floor of the second floor. When placing these staircases at the end of the building, it is allowed to install one staircase of the 3rd type in the opposite end of the corridor (gallery).
7.2.7 When adding on existing buildings with a height of up to 28 m on one floor, it is allowed to maintain the existing staircase of type L1, provided that the superstructured floor is provided with an emergency exit in accordance with the requirements of the Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements and SP 1.13130.
7.2.8 If the total area of apartments on the floor is more than 500 m2, evacuation must be carried out through at least two staircases (normal or smoke-free).
In residential buildings with a total area of apartments on the floor from 500 to 550 m 2, one emergency exit from the apartments is allowed:
if the height of the upper floor is not more than 28 m - into an ordinary staircase, provided that the front rooms in the apartments are equipped with addressable fire alarm sensors;
if the height of the upper floor is more than 28 m - into one smoke-free staircase, provided that all premises of the apartments (except for bathrooms, bathrooms, showers and laundry rooms) are equipped with addressable fire alarm sensors or automatic fire extinguishing.
7.2.9 For a multi-level apartment, it is allowed not to provide access to the stairwell from each floor, provided that the premises of the apartment are located no higher than 18 m and the floor of the apartment that does not have direct access to the stairwell is provided with an emergency exit in accordance with the requirements of the Technical Regulations on the requirements fire safety. The internal staircase is allowed to be made of wood.
7.2.10 Passage to the outer air zone of the stairwell type H1 is allowed through the elevator hall, while the arrangement of elevator shafts and doors in them must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements and SP 4.13130.
7.2.11 In buildings up to 50 m high with a total area of apartments on the floor of a section up to 500 m 2, it is allowed to provide an emergency exit to a stairwell of type H2 or H3 when one of the elevators is installed in the building, which ensures the transportation of fire departments and meets the requirements of GOST R 53296. At the same time, access to the H2 stairwell should be provided through the vestibule (or elevator hall), and the doors of the stairwell, elevator shafts, tambour-locks and tambours must be type 2 fireproof.
7.2.12 In sectional houses with a height of more than 28 m, exit to the outside from smoke-free staircases (type H1) can be arranged through the vestibule (in the absence of exits to it from the parking lot and public premises), separated from the adjacent corridors by fireproof partitions of the 1st type with fireproof type 2 doors. In this case, the connection of the H1 type stairwell with the vestibule must be arranged through the air zone. It is allowed to fill the opening of the air zone on the ground floor with a metal grate. On the way from the apartment to the staircase H1, there must be at least two (not counting the doors from the apartment) successively located self-closing doors.
7.2.13 In a building with a height of three floors or more, exits to the outside from the basement, basement floors and technical underground must be located at least 100 m apart and must not communicate with the staircases of the residential part of the building.
It is allowed to arrange exits from basements and basement floors through the staircase of the residential part, taking into account the requirements of the Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements and SP 1.13130. Exits from technical floors should be provided in accordance with SP 1.13130.
Exits from technical floors located in the middle or upper part of the building are allowed through common staircases, and in buildings with H1 staircases - through the air zone.
7.2.14 When arranging emergency exits from attic floors on the roof it is necessary to provide for platforms and walkways with a fence in accordance with GOST 25772 leading to stairs of the 3rd type and stairs P2.
7.2.15 Public premises must have entrances and emergency exits isolated from the residential part of the building.
When placing artists' and architects' workshops, as well as office premises on the upper floor, it is allowed to take the stairwells of the residential part of the building as evacuation exits, while the communication of the floor with the stairwell should be provided through a vestibule with fire doors. The door in the vestibule, facing the staircase, should be provided with opening only from the inside of the room.
It is allowed to arrange one evacuation exit from the premises of public institutions located on the first and basement floors with a total area of \u200b\u200bnot more than 300 m 2 and the number of employees not more than 15 people.
7.3.6 Gas supply systems for residential buildings should be provided in accordance with the requirements of SP 62.13330.
7.3.7 Heat supply systems for residential buildings should be provided in accordance with the requirements of SP 60.13330.
7.3.8 Heat generators, cooking and heating furnaces operating on solid fuels may be provided in residential buildings up to two floors inclusive (excluding the basement).
7.3.9 Heat generators, including solid fuel stoves and fireplaces, cooking stoves and chimneys must be made with the implementation of structural measures in accordance with the requirements of SP 60.13330. Prefabricated heat generators and hobs must also be installed taking into account the safety requirements contained in the manufacturer's instructions.
7.3.10 The collection chamber shall be protected throughout the entire area by sprinklers. The section of the distribution pipeline of the sprinklers must be annular, connected to the building's drinking water supply network and have thermal insulation made of non-combustible materials. The chamber door must be insulated.
7.3.11 Not applicable from June 4, 2017 - Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated December 3, 2016 N 883 / pr
7.3.12 Not applicable from June 4, 2017 - Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated December 3, 2016 N 883 / pr
7.3.13 Not applicable from June 4, 2017 - Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated December 3, 2016 N 883 / pr
7.4.2 In each compartment (section) of the basement or basement, separated by fire barriers, at least two windows with dimensions of at least 0.9 x 1.2 m with pits should be provided. The area of the light opening of these windows must be taken according to the calculation, but not less than 0.2% of the floor area of these premises. The dimensions of the pit should allow the supply of a fire extinguishing agent from the foam generator and the removal of smoke using a smoke exhauster (the distance from the building wall to the boundary of the pit should be at least 0.7 m).
7.4.3 In the transverse walls of basements and technical subfloors of large-panel buildings, openings with a clear height of 1.6 m are allowed. In this case, the height of the threshold should not exceed 0.3 m.
7.4.5 On the drinking water supply network in each apartment, a separate tap with a diameter of at least 15 mm should be provided for connecting a hose equipped with a sprayer to be used as the primary device for internal fire extinguishing to eliminate the source of fire. The length of the hose should ensure the possibility of supplying water to any point in the apartment.
7.4.6 In residential buildings (in sectional buildings - in each section) with a height of more than 50 m, one of the elevators must ensure the transportation of fire departments and comply with the requirements of GOST R 53296.
8.2 The slope and width of flights of stairs and ramps, the height of the steps, the width of the treads, the width of the landings, the height of the passages on the stairs, the basement, the attic in use, as well as the dimensions of the doorways, should ensure the convenience and safety of movement and the ability to move items of equipment of the corresponding premises of the apartments and built-in in a public building. The minimum width and maximum slope of flights of stairs should be taken according to table 8.1.
Table 8.1
The height of differences in the floor level of different rooms and spaces in the building must be safe. Where necessary, handrails and ramps should be provided. The number of rises in one flight of stairs or at a level difference should be at least 3 and not more than 18. The use of stairs with different heights and depths of steps is not allowed. In multi-level apartments, indoor staircases are allowed with spiral or winder steps, while the width of the tread in the middle must be at least 18 cm.
8.3 The height of the railings of external flights of stairs and landings, balconies, loggias, terraces, roofs and in places of dangerous drops must be at least 1.2 m. Flights of stairs and landings of internal stairs must have railings with handrails at least 0.9 m high.
Fencing must be continuous, equipped with handrails and designed to absorb horizontal loads of at least 0.3 kN/m.
8.4 Structural solutions of the elements of the house (including the location of voids, methods of sealing the places where pipelines pass through structures, arrangement of ventilation openings, placement of thermal insulation, etc.) must provide protection against the penetration of rodents.
8.5 The engineering systems of the building must be designed and installed taking into account the safety requirements contained in the regulatory documents of the state supervision bodies and the instructions of the equipment manufacturers.
8.6 Engineering equipment and instruments in case of possible seismic effects must be securely fixed.
8.7 In the apartments of the upper floor or at any level of a multi-level apartment located at the last height in residential buildings of I - III degrees of fire resistance class CO, C1, it is allowed to install solid fuel fireplaces with autonomous chimneys in accordance with the Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements, SP 60.13330, SP 7.13130.
8.11 On the operated roofs of residential buildings, it is necessary to ensure the safety of their use by installing appropriate fences, protecting ventilation outlets and other engineering devices located on the roof, and, if necessary, noise protection of the premises below.
On the operated roofs of built-in and attached public premises, as well as at the entrance area, on summer non-residential premises, in connecting elements between residential buildings, including open non-residential floors (ground and intermediate) used for the device sports grounds for the rest of adult residents of the house, areas for drying clothes and cleaning clothes or a solarium, the necessary security measures should be provided (device of fences and measures to protect ventilation outlets).
8.12 The switchboard room, rooms for head stations (HS), technical centers (TC) of cable television, sound transformer substations (ZTP), as well as places for telephone distribution cabinets (SHRT) should not be located under rooms with wet processes (bathrooms, toilets, etc. .).
8.13 Premises of HS, shopping center, ZTP should have entrances directly from the street; the electrical room (including for communication equipment, automatic control systems, dispatching and television) must have an entrance directly from the street or from a floor-by-floor non-apartment corridor (hall); the approach to the installation site of the SHRT should also be from the indicated corridor.
9.2 The design parameters of the air in the premises of a residential building should be taken according to SP 60.13330 and taking into account the optimal standards of GOST 30494. The air exchange rate in the premises in the maintenance mode should be taken in accordance with Table 9.1.
Table 9.1
|
room |
The amount of air exchange |
|
Bedroom, common room, children's room with a total area of an apartment for one person less than 20 m 2 |
3 m 3 / h per 1 m 2 of living space |
|
The same, with a total area of an apartment for one person more than 20 m 2 |
30 m 3 / h per person, but not less than 0.35 h 1 |
|
Pantry, linen, dressing room | |
|
Kitchen with electric stove | |
|
Room with gas-using equipment | |
|
A room with heat generators with a total heat output of up to 50 kW: | |
|
with open combustion chamber | |
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with closed combustion chamber |
1.0 m3/h ** |
|
Bathroom, shower room, toilet, combined bathroom | |
|
Elevator engine room |
By calculation |
|
Garbage chamber | |
|
_____________________________ * Air exchange by multiplicity should be determined by the total volume of the apartment. ** When installing a gas stove, air exchange should be increased by 100 m 3 / h Note - The frequency of air exchange in rooms for other purposes should be determined according to SNiP 31-06 and SP 60.13330. |
|
9.3 In the course of thermotechnical calculation of enclosing structures of residential buildings, the internal air temperature of heated rooms should be taken as at least 20°С, relative humidity - 50%.
9.4 The heating and ventilation system of the building must be designed to ensure that the indoor air temperature in the premises during the heating period is within the optimal parameters established by GOST 30494, with the design parameters of the outdoor air for the respective construction areas.
When installing an air conditioning system, optimal parameters must also be ensured in the warm season.
In buildings erected in areas with an estimated outdoor air temperature of minus 40 ° C and below, heating of the floor surface of living rooms and kitchens, as well as public premises with permanent residence of people located above cold undergrounds, should be provided, or thermal protection should be provided in accordance with requirements of SP 50.13330.
9.6 In living rooms and kitchens, air is supplied through adjustable window sashes, transoms, vents, dampers or other devices, including self-contained wall dampers with adjustable opening. Apartments designed for climatic regions III and IV must be provided with horizontal through or corner ventilation within the area of apartments, as well as vertical ventilation through shafts in accordance with the requirements of SP 60.13330.
9.7 Air removal should be provided from kitchens, latrines, bathrooms and, if necessary, from other rooms of the apartments, while installation of adjustable ventilation grilles and valves on exhaust ducts and air ducts should be provided.
Air from rooms where harmful substances or unpleasant odors can be released should be removed directly to the outside and not enter other rooms of the building, including through ventilation ducts.
Combining ventilation ducts from kitchens, latrines, bathrooms (showers), combined bathrooms, pantries for products with ventilation ducts from rooms with gas-using equipment and parking lots is not allowed.
9.10 In the outer walls of basements, technical undergrounds and a cold attic that do not have exhaust ventilation, ventilation should be provided with a total area of at least 1/400 of the floor area of the technical underground or basement, evenly spaced along the perimeter of the outer walls. The area of one vent must be at least 0.05 m2.
9.11 The duration of insolation of apartments (premises) of a residential building should be taken in accordance with the requirements of SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1076 and SanPiN 2.1.2.2645.
The normalized duration of insolation should be provided: in one-, two- and three-room apartments- at least one living room; in four-room apartments and more - in at least two living rooms.
9.12 Natural lighting should have living rooms and kitchens (except for kitchen niches), public premises built into residential buildings, except for premises whose placement is allowed in the basement floors in accordance with SNiP 31-06.
9.16 When illuminated through light openings in the outer walls of common corridors, their length should not exceed: if there is a light opening at one end - 24 m, at two ends - 48 m. If the corridors are longer, it is necessary to provide additional natural lighting through light pockets. The distance between two light pockets should be no more than 24 m, and between the light pocket and the light opening at the end of the corridor - no more than 30 m. The width of the light pocket, which can serve as a staircase, must be at least 1.5 m. the pocket is allowed to illuminate corridors up to 12 m long, located on both sides of it.
9.18 External building envelopes must have thermal insulation, insulation from the penetration of outside cold air and vapor barrier from the diffusion of water vapor from the premises, providing:
the required temperature and the absence of moisture condensation on the internal surfaces of structures inside the premises;
preventing the accumulation of excess moisture in structures.
The temperature difference between the internal air and the surface of the structures of the external walls at the design temperature of the internal air must comply with the requirements of SP 50.13330.
9.19 In I - III climatic regions, at all external entrances to residential buildings (except for entrances from the external air zone to a smoke-free staircase), vestibules with a depth of at least 1.5 m should be provided.
Double vestibules at entrances to residential buildings (except for entrances from the outer air zone to a smoke-free staircase) should be designed depending on the number of storeys of buildings and the area of their construction in accordance with Table 9.2.
Table 9.2
9.20 The premises of the building must be protected from the penetration of rain, melt and ground water and possible domestic water leaks from engineering systems by structural means and technical devices.
9.22 It is not allowed to place a toilet and a bath (or a shower) directly above the living rooms and kitchens. Placing a toilet and a bathroom (or shower) on the upper level above the kitchen is allowed in apartments located on two levels.
9.23 When constructing buildings in areas where, according to engineering and environmental surveys, there are emissions of soil gases (radon, methane, etc.), measures must be taken to isolate floors and basement walls in contact with the ground in order to prevent the penetration of soil gas from the soil into the building , and other measures to reduce its concentration in accordance with the requirements of the relevant sanitary standards.
9.24a When residential buildings are located on a territory with an increased level of traffic noise, noise reduction in residential buildings should be carried out by using: properties.
9.25 Noise levels from engineering equipment and other in-house noise sources should not exceed the established permissible levels and by no more than 2 dBA exceed the background values determined when the in-house noise source is not working, both during the day and at night.
9.26 To ensure an acceptable noise level, it is not allowed to fasten sanitary appliances and pipelines directly to inter-apartment walls and partitions enclosing living rooms; them, as well as adjacent to them.
9.26a When arranging bathrooms for bedrooms, it is recommended, according to the design assignment, in order to protect against noise, to separate them from each other by built-in wardrobes between them.
9.27 The supply of drinking water to the house should be provided from the centralized water supply network of the settlement. In areas without centralized engineering networks for one-, two-story buildings, it is allowed to provide for individual and collective sources of water supply from underground aquifers or from reservoirs at the rate of a daily consumption of household and drinking water of at least 60 liters per person. In areas with limited water resources, the estimated daily water consumption may be reduced in agreement with the territorial bodies of Rospotrebnadzor.
9.28 For the disposal of wastewater, a sewerage system must be provided - centralized or local in accordance with the rules established in SP 30.13330.
Wastewater should be removed without contaminating the territory and aquifers.
9.31 Residential floors (except for blocked buildings) and floors with premises for preschool and medical institutions should be separated from the parking lot by a technical floor or a floor with non-residential premises to protect against the penetration of exhaust gases and excess noise levels.
9.32 In multi-apartment residential buildings on the first, basement or basement floors, a pantry for cleaning equipment equipped with a sink should be provided.
10.6 It should be possible to access the equipment, fittings and devices of the engineering systems of the building and their connections for inspection, maintenance, repair and replacement.
The equipment and pipelines must be fixed on the building structures of the building in such a way that their performance is not disturbed by possible movements of the structures.
11.3 When evaluating the energy efficiency of a building according to its thermal performance building structures and engineering systems, the requirements of this set of rules are considered to be met under the following conditions:
1) the reduced resistance to heat transfer and the air permeability of enclosing structures are not lower than those required by SP 50.13330;
2) heating, ventilation, air conditioning and hot water systems have automatic or manual regulation;
3) the engineering systems of the building are equipped with metering devices for heat energy, cold and hot water, electricity and gas with a centralized supply.
11.4 When evaluating the energy efficiency of a building according to a complex indicator of the specific energy consumption for its heating and ventilation, the requirements of this set of rules are considered to be met if the calculated value of the specific energy consumption to maintain the normalized microclimate and air quality parameters in the building does not exceed the maximum allowable normative value. In this case, the third condition 11.3 must be satisfied.
______________________________
*(1) The height of the building is determined by the difference between the marks of the passage surface for fire trucks and the lower boundary of the opening opening (window) in the outer wall of the upper floor, including the attic. In this case, the upper technical floor is not taken into account.
*(2) Classification of cities - according to SP 42.13330.
*(3) The time of restriction of operation may be specified by local governments.
*(4) Under Article 19 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation.
Annex A
(mandatory)
Annex B
(reference)
Annex B
(mandatory)
Annex D
(mandatory)
Bibliography
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The set of rules applies to the design and construction of newly built and reconstructed multi-apartment residential buildings up to 75 m high, including apartment-type dormitories, as well as residential premises that are part of the premises of buildings for other functional purposes.
Document registered federal agency for technical regulation and metrology (Rosstandart)
1 area of use
3 Terms and definitions
4 General provisions
5 Requirements for buildings and premises
6 Bearing capacity and allowable deformation of structures
7 Fire safety
7.1 Preventing the spread of fire
7.2 Ensuring evacuation
7.3 Fire requirements for engineering systems and building equipment
7.4 Ensuring fire fighting and rescue operations
8 Requirements for safe operation
9 Ensuring sanitary and epidemiological requirements
10 durability and maintainability
11 Energy saving
Appendix A (mandatory) Rules for determining the area of a building and its premises, building area, number of storeys and building volume
Annex B (mandatory) Rules for determining the minimum number of passenger elevators in a residential multi-apartment building
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SET OF RULES
MINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING AND UTILITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
SP 54.13330.2011
Updated edition
Official edition
Moscow 2016
Foreword
The goals and principles of standardization in the Russian Federation, and the procedure for the development, approval and application of sets of rules, are established by the Federal Law of June 22, 2015 No. 162-FZ "On Standardization in the Russian Federation". Federal Law No. 184-FZ of December 27, 2002 "On Technical Regulation", Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 19, 2015 No. 858 "On the Procedure for the Development and Approval of Codes of Rules
1 DEVELOPED by the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation (Minstroy of Russia)
2 PERFORMER Joint-stock company"TsNIIEP Housing - Institute of Integrated Design of Residential and Public Buildings (JSC "TsNIIEP Housing")"
3 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 465 "Construction"
4 PREPARED for approval by the Department of Urban Development and Architecture of the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation
5 APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY Order No.
6 REGISTERED by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology (Rosstandart)
7 INSTEAD OF SP 54.13330.2011 "SNiP 31-01-2003" Multi-apartment residential buildings. Design Rules»
Information about changes to this set of rules is published in the annually published information index "National Standards" and in the official periodical. federal body executive power that approved this set of rules, and the text of changes and amendments - in this printed publication and monthly published information indexes "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this set of rules, a corresponding notice will be published in the indicated printed publications. Relevant information, notification and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official websites of the national body of the Russian Federation for standardization and the federal executive body that approved this set of rules, on the Internet.
Ministry of Construction of Russia, 2016
This set of rules cannot be fully or partially reproduced, replicated and distributed as an official publication without the permission of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation (Minstroy of Russia)
SP 54.13330.2011 Third edition
(according to: /3/, /10/, /11/).
3.4 Room (full room) - a living space in a part of the apartment, intended for use as a place of direct residence, providing opportunities for round-the-clock stay, rest and sleep, for people in a residential building or apartment (according to: / 3 /,, 122]).
3.5 Auxiliary premises of the apartment (auxiliary use room (according to /10/)) - to provide communication, sanitary and technical and household needs, including:
3.5.1 - a communication room for the passage of users from the adjacent territory and (or) between different rooms (including: a vestibule, an entrance hall, a corridor, a gallery, a hall);
3.5.2 - a sanitary and technical room for placement and operation inside the apartment equipment, (according to) (including a kitchen-dining room, a kitchen niche, a bathroom, a toilet, a bathroom);
3.5.3 - utility room (storage room, pantry, garage, clothes dryer, pram room) for storing and storing things and household supplies (including built-in furniture) and household needs.
3.6 Common premises (non-residential premises) - for communication service of more than one residential and (or) non-residential premises, it can be located horizontally on floors (corridor, gallery), vertically between floors (stairwell, stair-elevator unit).
3.7 Technical room - for placement, work and technical
maintenance of in-house engineering systems, (according to ////), with
limited access, authorized specialists of the maintenance services and specialists of the security and rescue services in emergency cases.
3.8 Open premises (open premises, summer premises) - an auxiliary premises of an apartment or a common use room for the stay of users in non-standardized temperature and humidity conditions with non-standardized thermal protection of enclosing structures.
3.9 Public premises - intended for business and other public and production activities, with an operating mode that does not adversely affect the living conditions in a residential area, having a separate entrance (entrances) from the adjacent territory and (or) from a residential building.
3.10. Parking lot (garage-parking) - a built-in, attached, built-in-attached, or detached, with places for storing cars, not equipped for their repair and / or maintenance, except for manual car washes, inspection pits or flyovers. Additional characteristics of car parks shall be adopted according to SP I13. /3330.
Building, plot, space-planning indicators
3.11 Residential multi-apartment building (ZZHM) (residential multi-apartment house) - a residential building with apartments, combined common areas.
SP 54.13330.2011 Third edition
(according to) and common intra-house engineering systems, (according to), free-standing or consisting of one section - single-section, or blocked from several sections (block-section, autonomous residential blocks) - multi-section, including:
3.11.1 - ZZHM sectional - in which the apartments of each floor have exits through a common staircase (staircase and elevator unit).
3.11.2 - ZZHM corridor - in which the apartments of each floor have exits through a common corridor to at least two stairwells (staircase and elevator nodes).
3.11.3 - ZZHM gallery - in which the apartments of each floor have entrances through a common gallery.
3.11.4 - ZZHM block-apartment - in which the apartments of each floor (including those above the first floor) have separate entrances from the adjacent area, and possibly common attics, undergrounds (as opposed to residential single-apartment blocks of flats).
3.12 Adjacent plot (adjoining land plot, adjacent territory) - a territory with internal boundaries determined by the perimeter of the outer walls at the basement level and with external boundaries determined on the basis of land tenure (property, lease) agreements of the developer and / or business entity (according to / 22/).
3.12.1 Adjacent manor plot - adjacent around the perimeter of the facades of the building.
3.12.2 Adjacent palisade area - adjacent to individual facades or parts of the facades of the building.
3.13 Planning mark of the ground level - the geodetic mark of the level of the boundary of the ground surface (street paving) in front of the entrance to the building (according to / 22 /) relative to the design mark of the zero (±0.000) level of the floor surface of the first floor, established by the project.
3.14 Volumetric and planning indicators (OPP) of a building (premises) - geometric parameters of volumes, areas, heights, measured in the dimensions of the contours of the enclosing surfaces of structures, serve as the basis for determining and are integral part technical and economic indicators of buildings.
Floors, number of floors, number of storeys
3.15 Building floor - a room between the height marks of the surfaces of the underlying floor (or floor on the ground) and the upper floor (roofing) with a room height (see Appendix A) of at least 1.8 m., including:
3.15.1 Above-ground floor - a floor with a mark of the floor surface or lower ceiling (in the absence of a floor) not lower than the planning mark of the ground, as well as technical and basement floors, if the surface of their ceiling is above the planning mark of the ground level by at least 2 m
SP 54.13330.2011 Third edition
(according to /22J).
3.15.2 Dimensional floor (first above-ground floor) - the lower above-ground floor, accessible for entry from the adjacent territory (according to 1221).
3.15.3 Underground floor - a floor with a mark of the floor surface or the floor below (in the absence of a floor) to the entire height of the premises below the planning mark of the ground level, as well as the technical and basement floors, if the surface of their ceiling is below the planning mark of the ground level by at least at 2 m.
3.15.4 Basement floor - a floor with a floor surface mark below the planning mark of the earth by no more than half the height of the room
(according to /22/).
3.15.5 Basement floor (first underground floor) - a floor with a floor surface mark below the planning mark of the earth by more than half the height of the room (according to 122/).
3.15.6 Technical floor - a floor functionally designed to accommodate the technical premises of the building and in-house engineering systems, can be located in the lower part of the building (technical underground), or in the upper part of the building (technical attic), or between above-ground floors (according to 1221) .
3.15.7 Attic floor (mansard) - a floor in the attic space, the facade of which is fully or partially formed by the surface (surfaces) of the roof (pitched or flat) (according to 1221).
3.16 Underground of the building - a room under the building between the ground surface and the lower surface of the floor of the first floor.
3.16.1 Ventilated underground of the building - an open room completely or partially without enclosing structures.
3.16.2 The technical underground of the building for the placement and maintenance of in-house engineering systems and inputs engineering communications(pipelines, cable conduits).
3.17 Attic - an open space between the ceiling of the upper floor, the outer walls and the roof structure.
3.18 The number of floors of the building includes all above-ground and underground floors of the building, including: technical floors, exploited attics with a room height (Appendix A) equal to or more than 1.8 m, attic floors and mezzanines; basement and basement floors. Regardless of their height, underground spaces under the building and attic spaces, as well as interfloor spaces and attics with a room height of less than 1.8 m, are not taken into account.
3.19 The number of floors of the building includes the number of above-ground floors, including technical and basement floors, when the surface of their floors is located at least 2 m above the average planning level of the ground. The number of storeys is determined by most floors, if separate parts of the building have a spacing of the number of above-ground floors (according to /22/).
SP 54.13330.2011 Third edition
3.20 Mezzanine - a room above the ceiling that delimits the height of the floor space into operational levels, at least one of which is located at the level of the entrance to the room (according to /22/).
Separate types of premises
3.21 Terrace - an open space, in the form of a single-level and multi-level area (fenced or not fenced with railings) that does not have external wall enclosing structures, located on the ground, a bridge structure (overpass) or on an operated roof, including attached, built-in-attached, built-in , or separately located on an adjacent site (according to 1221).
3.22 Operating roof (roof-terrace) - an open space located on a roof covering with a specially equipped protective layer (working floor), with the possible placement of engineering equipment and (or) superstructures, intended for permanent residence of people (continuously for more than two hours (according to
3.23 Veranda - a room built-in, attached, or built-in-attached to a building, with fully or partially glazed external enclosing structures (wall, roof), can be of different heights and have a mezzanine (according to 1221).
3.24 Valkom - an open room located on the site (balcony slab) on no more than one side of the external enclosing structures adjacent to the facade surface.
3.25 Loggia - an open room located on the site (loggia slab) at least on two intersecting sides of the external enclosing structures adjacent to the facade surface (according to / 22 /).
3.26 Staircase - a common area for accommodating landings and flights of stairs, it can be built-in, attached, built-in.
3.27 Staircase and elevator unit - a staircase room with a technical room for the elevator shaft (elevators), possibly with the placement of an elevator hall (halls), a safe area for the disabled, a garbage chute.
3.28 Vestibule - an auxiliary communication room located between the doors for protection from external environmental influences.
3.29 Kitchen - a room or part of it for placing kitchen equipment for cooking, washing and storing dishes and utensils, possibly for temporary storage of food and collection of municipal waste.
3.30 Kitchen-dining room - a room with a kitchen and a dining area for eating.
3.31 Kitchen-niche - a kitchen without a dining area, located in a part of a residential or auxiliary room, and equipped with an electric stove and mechanically driven forced-air and exhaust ventilation.
In-house engineering systems and inside apartment equipment
3.32 Intra-house engineering systems - located in the outer
SP 54.13330.2011 Third edition
enclosing structures, engineering communications inputs for the supply of utility resources and energy, and located in intra-house technical rooms engineering equipment for transformation and (or) for the production and supply of resources and energy capacities to inside apartment equipment, as well as possible production utilities to ensure the operation of vertical transport (elevators, etc.),
garbage disposal, (taking into account (11/, 112/).
3.33 Intra-apartment equipment - engineering and technical equipment located in the auxiliary sanitary-technical room and in the enclosing structures of the apartment, which has individual inputs and connections to in-house engineering systems, and individual devices for metering and adjusting energy consumption when residents of the apartment consume utilities (according to).
3.37 Re-planning of the premises - a change in the process of operation of the space-planning configuration and (or) the arrangement of openings in the enclosing structures (according to / 3 /).
4 General provisions
4.1 Construction, reconstruction and overhaul multi-apartment buildings must be carried out on the basis of approved design technical documentation and on the basis of a building permit, in accordance with the requirements of Articles 48, 49, 51, 52, subject to compliance with urban planning and building codes and regulations (according to Articles 222, 263, Article 743). Design and survey work, according to and . According to the design assignment, research, development and technological work can be performed (according to). Compound project documentation must comply with the list (composition) specified in and.
SP 54.13330.2011 Third edition
4.1.1 An apartment building may include built-in, built-in-attached, attached common areas, public facilities and parking lots, placement, production technologies and operation mode, which, meets the safety requirements for residents during operation apartment building and adjacent territories in development, (according to,). Accommodation in residential buildings industrial productions not allowed (clause 3 of Article 288). Residential premises should be located only in building volume above-ground part of multi-apartment buildings, (according to).
4.1.2 The conditions for the transfer of residential premises to non-residential premises and non-residential premises to residential premises should be adopted in accordance with Article 22,. If, in order to ensure the use of such premises as residential or non-residential, its reorganization and (or) redevelopment is required, a project for the conversion and (or) redevelopment of the transferred premises should be submitted prepared and executed in the prescribed manner in accordance with the requirements of Article 23.
4.1.3 The rules for determining space-planning indicators and calculating the areas of premises of residential multi-apartment buildings are given in Appendix A (for reference). Compliance with the design space-planning indicators should be consistently monitored during construction and operation. During construction given control should be carried out by a person carrying out construction, reconstruction, major repairs in accordance with Article 52. Verification of the compliance of design and construction space-planning indicators should be carried out with a technical inventory in accordance with the commissioning and acceptance of multi-apartment buildings in operation and during operation.
4.2 The location of the multi-apartment building, the plan and dimensions of the adjacent plot, the distances to other buildings and structures should be established on the basis of the town planning plan land plot, results engineering surveys, specifications for connecting a residential building to engineering networks, in accordance with SP 42.13330, with the provision of sanitary protection zones, in accordance with SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200. It is necessary to ensure fire safety requirements for the placement of multi-apartment buildings in the development, for the conditions for evacuation and non-proliferation of fire, fire extinguishing in accordance with, and the rules of the fire protection system.
4.2.1 According to the design assignment, it is necessary to determine the number of floors, the number of storeys, as well as the space-planning indicators of the height, length, width of the building volumes of multi-apartment buildings, taking into account the set of requirements of SP 14.13330 and SP 42.13330 in seismic areas, and when hazardous geological processes are identified, the presence and (or) the need for engineering protection of buildings and adjacent areas in accordance with SP 116.13330 and SP 21.13330.
4.2.2 It is necessary to ensure sanitary requirements for living conditions SanPiN 2.1.2.2645 and for compliance with the microclimate parameters in the premises
SP 54.13330.2011 Third edition
1 area of use............................................... ................... I
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations............................................... 6
4 General provisions.................................................... ....................... 13
5 Requirements for buildings and premises............................................... 18
6 Requirements for structural and space-planning solutions .. 20
7 Fire safety requirements............................................................... ..21
7.1 Preventing the spread of fire............................................... 21
7.2 Ensuring evacuation .......................................................... ............ 25
7.3 Fire safety requirements for engineering systems and 28
equipment ................................................. ......................
7.4 Ensuring fire fighting and rescue operations 30
8 Operational safety requirements............................................... 30
9 Requirements for in-house engineering systems and 33
in-house equipment and sanitary and epidemiological requirements .............................................................. ...............................
10 Energy saving............................................... ................ 42
Appendix A Rules for determining space-planning indicators and 44 calculating the areas of premises of residential multi-apartment buildings.
Annex B Rules for determining the minimum number of passenger
elevators in a residential multi-apartment building .............................................. 49
Bibliography................................................. ............................. fifty
SP 54.13330.2011 Third edition
Introduction
This regulatory document has been updated with the aim of designing safe and convenient living and staying conditions for all groups of the population in residential multi-apartment buildings, the safety of the impacts of their operation on the environment, the implementation of the requirements of Federal Law No. 384-FZ of December 30, 2009 "Technical Regulations on safety of buildings and structures” [I].
Requirements have been established in accordance with Federal Law No. 123-F3 dated July 22, 2008 "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" to ensure the protection of life and health of citizens, property of individuals or legal entities, state or municipal property, as well as sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions in residential multi-apartment buildings.
The requirements for the design of residential multi-apartment buildings have been updated, taking into account the placement of residential and non-residential premises, optimization of indicators of reliability and durability of structures and engineering equipment, as well as the provisions of: Federal Law No. 188-FZ of December 29, 2004 housing code RF (3), Federal Law No. 190-FZ dated December 29, 2004 Urban planning code RF, Federal Law of November 30, 1994 No. 51-FZ “Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Part One”, Federal Law of January 26, 1996 No. 14-FZ “Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Part two" .
The energy efficiency requirements of residential multi-apartment buildings were taken into account in pursuance of Federal Law No. 261-FZ of November 23, 2009 "On energy saving and energy efficiency and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation" .
This regulatory document was updated in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Law No. 184-FZ of December 27, 2002 "On Technical Regulation", as well as the procedure for the Regulations on the composition of project documentation and the requirements for their content (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 16, 2008 No. 87 ) .
The level of harmonization of regulatory requirements with international regulatory documents has been increased, methods for determining the technical and economic space-planning indicators of buildings and premises of various functional purposes, rowing to new functional components and space-planning solutions and the corresponding terminology have been brought to uniformity, mutual consistency of existing regulatory technical documents has been ensured in the field of design and construction.
Ph.D. A.R. Kryukov (responsible researcher of the topic): OJSC “Academy of Public Utilities named after K.D. Pamfilov": leading academic collaborator. V.N. Suvorov. OJSC "Center for the Methodology of Rationing and Standardization in Construction" A.S. Ta Rada
SP 54.13330.2011 Third edition
SET OF RULES
BUILDINGS RESIDENTIAL APARTMENTS. DESIGN RULES
multicompartment residential buildings. design rules
Introduction date - 2016-XX-XX
I Scope
1.1 This set of rules (hereinafter referred to as the SP) applies to the design of new construction and reconstruction and (or) repair and maintenance of operated multi-apartment residential buildings (hereinafter referred to as multi-apartment buildings) with a height of fire-technical buildings, in accordance with SP 1.13130 and SP 118.13330 , up to 75 m.
1.2. The provisions of this joint venture establish the requirements:
To functional and planning zoning, space-planning solutions and constructive solutions;
to fire safety;
To the engineering and technical equipment and the microclimate of the premises;
For safe operation and energy saving.
1.3 The SP applies to standard, repeated and individual design, construction and operation of multi-apartment buildings and their complexes located in urban and rural settlements, and intended for permanent and temporary residence of the population.
1.4 The joint venture applies to multi-apartment buildings, both detached and blocked with residential, public or multifunctional buildings, in which the mode of operation does not contradict the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions in residential buildings and premises, in accordance with SanPiN 2.1.2.2645.
1.5 When changing during the operation of multi-apartment buildings for residential and non-residential functional purposes of individual premises or groups of premises, the requirements of regulatory documents corresponding to the new functional purpose parts of a building or individual premises, but not contrary to the rules of this joint venture in relation to other premises and multi-apartment buildings in general.
1.6 The joint venture is allowed to be used when developing assignments for the design of multi-apartment buildings:
With less than 50 years of planned approximate service life or in prefabricated and / or mobile buildings and structures;
Multi-apartment buildings and premises as part of multifunctional, buildings and complexes with a height of fire-technical buildings of 75 m or more;
SP 54.13330.2011 Third edition
Apartment-type dormitories in accordance with SP 2.1.2.2844, and office living quarters in accordance with;
Safety in emergency situations. Structured system monitoring and control of engineering systems of buildings and structures. General requirements Passenger lifts. Elevators for firefighters
GOST R 52875-2007 Ground tactile signs for the visually impaired.
Technical requirements
GOST R 52941-2008 Passenger lifts. Design of vertical transport systems in residential buildings
GOST R 53296-2009 Installation of elevators for firefighters in buildings and structures. fire safety requirements
SP 54.13330.2011 Third edition
GOST R 53780-2010 Elevators. General safety requirements for the device and installation
GOST R 55555-2013 Lifting platforms for the disabled and other people with limited mobility. security and accessibility requirements. Part 1. Lifting platforms with vertical movement
GOST R 55556-2013 Lifting platforms for the disabled and other people with limited mobility. security and accessibility requirements. Part 2. Lifting platforms with inclined movement
SP 1.13130.2009 Fire protection systems. Escape routes
SP 2.13130.2012 Fire protection systems. Ensuring the fire resistance of protected objects
SP 3.13130.2009 Fire protection systems. Fire warning and evacuation control system. Fire safety requirements SP 4.13130.2013 Fire protection systems. Limiting the spread of fire at protected facilities. Requirements for space-planning and design solutions
SP 5.13130.2009 Fire protection systems. Fire installations
automatic alarms and fire extinguishers. Norms and rules for designing SP 6.13130.2013 Fire protection systems. Electrical equipment.
fire safety requirements
SP 7.13130.2013 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Fire requirements
SP 8.13130.2009 Fire protection systems. Sources of outdoor
fire water supply. fire safety requirements
SP 10.13130.2009 Fire protection systems. Interior
fire water supply. fire safety requirements
SP 12.13130. 2009 Definition of categories of premises, buildings and outdoor
installations for explosion and fire hazard
SP 14.13330.2014 "SNiP II-7-81 * Construction in seismic areas"
SP 17.13330.2011 "SNiP N-26-76 Roofs"
SP 20.13330.2011 "SNiP 2.01.07-85* Loads and impacts"
SP 21.13330.2012 "SNiP 2.01.09-91 Buildings and structures on undermined territories and subsidence soils"
SP 22.13330.2011 "SNiP 2.02.01-83* Foundations of buildings and structures"
SP 24.13330.2011 "SNiP 2.02.03-85 Pile foundations"
SP 25.13330.2012 "SNiP 2.02.04-88 Bases and foundations on permafrost soils"
SP 54.13330.2011 Third edition
SP 28.13330.2012 "SNiP 2.03.11-85 Corrosion protection of building structures"
SP 30.13330.2012 "SNiP 2.04.01-85* Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings"
SP 31.13330.2012 “SNiP 2.04.02-84* Water supply. External networks and facilities»
SP 32.13330.2012 "SNiP 2.04.03-85 Sewerage. External networks and structures” SP 42.13330.2011 “SNiP 2.07.01-89* Urban planning. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements"
SP 50.13330.2012 "SNiP 23-02-2003 Thermal protection of buildings"
SP 51.13330.2011 "SNiP 23-03-2003 Noise protection"
SP 52.13330.2011 "SNiP 23-05-95* Natural and artificial lighting"
SP 59.13330.2012 "SNiP 35-01-2001 Accessibility of buildings and structures for people with limited mobility"
SP 60.13330.2012 "SNiP 41-01-2003 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
air"
SP 61.13330.2012 "SNiP 41-03-2003 Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines"
SP 62.13330.2011 "SNiP 42-01-2002 Gas distribution systems"
SP 88.13330.2014 "SNiP II-11-77* Protective structures of civil defense" SP 113.13330.2012 "SNiP 21-02-99* Car parking"
SP 116.13330.2012 "SNiP 22-02-2003 Engineering protection of territories, buildings and structures from hazardous geological processes"
SP 118.13330.2012 "SNiP 31-06-2009 Public buildings and structures"
SP 131.13330.2012 "SNiP 23-01-99* Building climatology"
SP 132.13330.2011 Ensuring anti-terrorist protection of buildings and structures. General design requirements
SP 133.13330.2012 Wired broadcasting and warning networks in buildings and structures. Design standards
SP 134.13330.2012 Telecommunication systems for buildings and structures. Basic design provisions
SP 136.13330.2012 Buildings and structures. General design provisions taking into account accessibility for people with limited mobility
SP 137.13330.2012 Living environment with planning elements accessible to the disabled. Design rules
SP 138.13330.2012 Public buildings and facilities accessible to people with limited mobility. Design rules
SP 54.13330.2011 Third edition
SP 140.13330.2012 Urban environment. Design rules for people with limited mobility
SP 154.13130.2013 Built-in underground car parks. fire safety requirements
SP 160.1325800.2014 Multifunctional buildings and complexes. Design rules
SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions in residential buildings and premises
SP 2.1.2.2844-11 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the arrangement, equipment and maintenance of hostels for employees of organizations and students of educational institutions
SanPiN 2.1.2.3150-13 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the placement, arrangement, equipment, maintenance and operation of baths and saunas SanPiN 2.1.3.1375-03 Hygienic requirements for the placement, arrangement, equipment and operation of hospitals, maternity hospitals and other medical hospitals
SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for organizations engaged in medical activities
SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01 Drinking water. Hygienic requirements for water quality of centralized drinking water supply systems. Quality control. Hygienic requirements for ensuring the safety of hot water supply systems
SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1076-01 Hygienic requirements for insolation and sun protection of residential and public buildings and territories
SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200-03 Sanitary protection zones and sanitary classification of enterprises and other facilities
SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1278-03 Hygienic requirements for natural,
artificial and combined lighting of residential and public buildings SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.2585-10 amendments and additions to SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1278-03 SanPiN 2.3.6.1079-01 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for organizations Catering, production and turnover in them of food products and food raw materials
SanPiN 2.4.1.3049-13 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for
device, content and organization of the operating mode of preschool educational organizations
SanPiN 2.4.1.3147-13 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for preschool groups located in residential premises of the housing stock
SP 54.13330.2011 Third edition
SanPiN 2.6.1.1192-03 Hygienic requirements for the design and operation of X-ray rooms, apparatus and X-ray examinations
SanPiN 42-128-4690-88 Sanitary rules for the maintenance of populated areas
SP 3.5.3.1129-02 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for deratization
Note - When using this set of rules, it is advisable to check the effect of reference standards (sets of rules and / or classifiers) in the public information system - on the official website of the national body of the Russian Federation for standardization on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which published as of January 1 of the current year, and according to the issues of the monthly published information index "National Standards" for the current year. If the reference standard (document) to which the undated reference is given is replaced, it is recommended to use the current version of this standard (document), taking into account all the changes made to this version. If the reference standard (document) to which the dated reference is given is replaced, it is recommended to use the version of this standard (document) with the year of approval (acceptance) indicated above. If, after the approval of this standard, a change is made to the referenced standard (document) to which a dated reference is given, affecting the provision to which the reference is given, then this provision is recommended to be applied without taking into account this change. If the reference standard (document) is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which the link to it is given is recommended to be applied in the part that does not affect this link. Information about the operation of the codes of practice can be checked in the Federal Information Fund of Technical Regulations and Standards
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
In this set of rules, the following terms are used with their respective definitions:
Room, apartment, room
3.1 11 room - a space-planning part of an apartment building, structurally isolated by building enclosing structures (according to / 1 [). The room with respect to the location of the external enclosing structures of the building can be: built-in inside, attached (according to 1221) outside, built-in-built - with integrated openings in the outer walls of built-in and attached rooms.
3.2 Residential premises - premises that are real estate suitable according to sanitary rules and standards for permanent residence people (according to: /3/,).
3.3 Apartment (residential planning cell) - a dwelling, structurally separated by enclosing structures from the premises of other apartments and from common areas, consisting of one or more rooms and auxiliary premises, suitable for the main functions of living and auxiliary functions of life support, having a separate entrance and engineering and technical in-house equipment
4.6 Residential buildings should be provided with electric lighting, power electrical equipment, telephone, radio, television antennas and bell alarms, as well as automatic fire alarms, warning and evacuation control systems in case of fire, elevators for transporting fire departments, means of saving people, fire protection systems in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents on fire safety, as well as other engineering systems provided for by the design assignment.
4.7 On the roofs of residential buildings, provision should be made for the installation of antennas for the collective reception of transmissions and racks of wired broadcasting networks. Installation of radio relay masts and towers is prohibited.
4.8 Paragraphs 1 and 2 do not apply from June 4, 2017 - Order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated December 3, 2016 N 883 / pr
The cabin of one of the elevators must be 2100 mm deep or wide (depending on the layout) to accommodate a person on a sanitary stretcher.
The width of the cabin doors of one of the elevators must ensure the passage of a wheelchair.
When building on existing 5-storey residential buildings, it is recommended to provide elevators. In buildings equipped with an elevator, it is allowed not to provide for an elevator stop in the superstructured floor.
In residential buildings in which apartments are provided on floors above the first floor for families with disabled people who use wheelchairs for movement, as well as in specialized residential buildings for the elderly and for families with disabled people, passenger elevators or lifting platforms must be provided in accordance with the requirements SP 59.13330, GOST R 51630, GOST R 51631 and GOST R 53296.
4.9 The width of the platforms in front of the elevators should allow the use of an elevator for transporting a patient on an ambulance stretcher and be at least, m:
1.5 - in front of elevators with a carrying capacity of 630 kg with a cabin width of 2100 mm;
2.1 - in front of elevators with a carrying capacity of 630 kg with a cabin depth of 2100 mm.
With a two-row arrangement of elevators, the width of the elevator hall must be at least, m:
1.8 - when installing elevators with a cabin depth of less than 2100 mm;
2.5 - when installing elevators with a cabin depth of 2100 mm or more.
4.10 In the basement, basement, first and second floors of a residential building (in large and largest cities * (2) on the third floor), it is allowed to place built-in and built-in-attached public premises, with the exception of objects that have a harmful effect on humans.
It is not allowed to post:
specialized stores of mosquito-chemical and other goods, the operation of which may lead to pollution of the territory and air of residential buildings; premises, including shops with the storage of liquefied gases, flammable and combustible liquids, explosives capable of exploding and burning when interacting with water, atmospheric oxygen or with each other, goods in aerosol packaging, pyrotechnic products;
shops selling synthetic carpets, auto parts, tires and motor oils;
specialized fish shops; warehouses for any purpose, including wholesale (or small-scale wholesale) trade, except for warehouses that are part of public institutions that have emergency exits isolated from the escape routes of the residential part of the building (the rule does not apply to built-in parking lots);
consumer service establishments in which flammable substances are used (except for hairdressing salons and watch repair shops with a total area of up to 300 square meters); baths;
catering and leisure establishments with more than 50 seats, with a total area of more than 250 # all enterprises operating with musical accompaniment, including discos, dance studios, theaters, as well as casinos;
laundries and dry cleaners (except for collection points and self-service laundries with a capacity of up to 75 kg per shift); automatic telephone exchanges with a total area of more than 100; public toilets, institutions and shops of funeral services; built-in and attached transformer substations;
industrial premises (except for premises of categories B and D for the work of disabled people and older people, including: points for issuing work at home, workshops for assembly and decorative work); dental laboratories, clinical diagnostic and bacteriological laboratories; dispensaries of all types; day hospitals of dispensaries and hospitals of private clinics: trauma centers, ambulance and emergency medical substations; dermatovenerological, psychiatric, infectious and phthisiatric rooms for medical appointments; departments (rooms) of magnetic resonance imaging;
X-ray rooms, as well as rooms with medical or diagnostic equipment and installations that are sources of ionizing radiation exceeding the permissible level established by sanitary and epidemiological rules, veterinary clinics and offices.
Shops selling synthetic carpet products may be attached to the blind sections of the walls of residential buildings with a fire resistance limit of REI 150.
4.12 It is not allowed to load public premises from the side of the courtyard of a residential building, where the windows of the living rooms of apartments and entrances to the residential part of the house are located, in order to protect residents from noise and exhaust gases.
Loading of public premises built into residential buildings should be carried out: from the ends of residential buildings that do not have windows; from underground tunnels; from highways (streets) in the presence of special loading rooms.
It is allowed not to provide for the indicated loading rooms with an area of built-in public rooms up to 150 square meters.
5 Requirements for apartments and their elements
5.5 Placement of apartments and living rooms in the basement and basement floors of residential buildings is not allowed.
5.8 The height (from floor to ceiling) of living rooms and the kitchen (kitchen-dining room) in climatic regions IA, IB, IG, ID and IVA must be at least 2.7 m, and in other climatic regions - at least 2.5 m .
The height of intra-apartment corridors, halls, front, mezzanines (and under them) is determined by the conditions for the safety of people's movement and should be at least 2.1 m.
In living rooms and kitchens of apartments located in the attic floor (or upper floors with inclined enclosing structures), a lower ceiling height is allowed relative to the normalized area, not exceeding 50%.
6 Bearing capacity and allowable deformation of structures
6.2 The structures and foundations of the building must be designed to withstand constant loads from the own weight of the supporting and enclosing structures; temporary uniformly distributed and concentrated loads on floors; snow and wind loads for a given construction area. The normative values of the listed loads, taking into account unfavorable combinations of loads or the corresponding forces, limit values for deflections and displacements of structures, as well as the values of the safety factors for loads must be taken in accordance with the requirements of SP 20.13330.
When calculating the structures and foundations of buildings, the additional requirements of the customer-builder specified in the design assignment should also be taken into account, for example, for the placement of fireplaces, heavy equipment for public facilities built into a residential building; to fastening heavy elements of interior equipment to walls and ceilings.
6.5 When calculating a building with a height of more than 40 m for a wind load, in addition to the conditions of strength and stability of the building and its individual structural elements, restrictions must be provided on the vibration parameters of the ceilings of the upper floors, due to the requirements for living comfort.
6.6 In case of occurrence during the reconstruction of additional loads and impacts on the remaining part of the residential building, its load-bearing and enclosing structures, as well as the foundation soils, must be checked for these loads and impacts in accordance with applicable documents, regardless of the physical wear of the structures.
In this case, one should take into account the actual bearing capacity of the foundation soils as a result of their change during the operation period, as well as the increase in the strength of concrete in concrete and reinforced concrete structures over time.
6.7 When reconstructing a residential building, one should take into account changes in its structural scheme that occur during the operation of this building (including the appearance of new openings that are additional to the original design solution, as well as the effect of the repair of structures or their strengthening).
6.8 When reconstructing residential buildings with a change in the location of sanitary facilities, appropriate additional measures should be taken for hydro-, noise- and vibration isolation, as well as, if necessary, reinforcement of floors on which the equipment of these sanitary facilities is to be installed.
7 Fire safety
7.1 Preventing the spread of fire
7.1.2 The permissible height of the building and the area of the floor within the fire compartment are determined depending on the degree of fire resistance and the class of constructive fire hazard according to table 7.1.
Table 7.1
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The degree of fire resistance of the building |
The highest allowable height of the building, m |
The largest allowable floor area of the fire compartment, m2 |
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Not standardized |
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Note - The degree of fire resistance of a building with unheated extensions should be taken according to the degree of fire resistance of the heated part of the building. |
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7.1.4 The structures of galleries in gallery houses must comply with the requirements adopted for the floors of these buildings.
7.1.5 In buildings of I, II degrees of fire resistance, to ensure the required fire resistance limit of the bearing elements of the building, only structural fire protection should be used.
7.1.6 Bearing elements of two-story buildings of the IV degree of fire resistance must have a fire resistance of at least R 30.
7.1.7 Intersectional, inter-apartment walls and partitions, as well as walls and partitions separating non-apartment corridors, halls and vestibules from other premises, must comply with the requirements set forth in table 7.1a.
Intersectional and inter-apartment walls and partitions must be deaf and comply with the requirements of the Technical Regulations
7.1.8 The fire resistance limit of interior partitions is not standardized. The fire hazard class of interior cabinet, collapsible and sliding partitions is not standardized. The fire hazard class of other interior partitions, including those with doors, must comply with the requirements of the Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements.
Table 7.1a
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Enclosing structure |
The minimum fire resistance limit and the permissible fire hazard class of the structure for the building of the fire resistance degree and the structural fire hazard class |
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I-III, C0 and C1 |
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Intersectional wall |
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Intersectional partition |
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Inter-apartment wall |
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Interroom partition |
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Wall separating non-apartment corridors from other premises |
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Partition separating non-apartment corridors from other premises |
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Table 7.2
In a section of a residential building, when exiting apartments into a corridor (hall) that does not have a window opening at the end, the distance from the door of the most remote apartment to the exit directly to the staircase or exit to the vestibule or elevator passage hall leading to the air zone of the smoke-free staircase, should not exceed 12 m, if there is a window opening or smoke exhaust in the corridor (hall), this distance can be taken according to Table 7.2 as for a dead-end corridor. 7.2.2 The width of the corridor must be at least, m: with its length between the stairs or the end of the corridor and the stairs up to 40 m - 1.4, over 40 m - 1.6, the width of the gallery - at least 1.2 m. separated by partitions with doors of fire resistance El 30, equipped with shutters and located at a distance of no more than 30 m from one another and from the ends of the corridor. 7.2.3 It is allowed to provide glazed doors in stairwells and elevator halls, at the same time - with reinforced glass. Other types of impact resistant glazing may be used. 7.2.4 The number of evacuation exits from the floor and the type of staircases should be taken in accordance with the requirements of Technical Regulations SP 1.13130. 7.2.5 In residential buildings with a height of less than 28 m, designed for placement in climatic region IV and climatic subregion IIIB, it is allowed to install external open stairs made of non-combustible materials instead of staircases. 7.2.6 In residential buildings of the corridor (gallery) type, with a total floor area of up to 500 apartments, it is allowed to provide access to one staircase of type H1 with a building height of more than 28 m or type L1 with a building height of less than 28 m, provided that at the ends of the corridors (gallery) exits to the external stairs of the 3rd type are provided, leading to the level of the floor of the second floor. When placing these staircases at the end of the building, it is allowed to install one staircase of the 3rd type in the opposite end of the corridor (gallery). 7.2.7 When building on existing buildings with a height of up to 28 m on one floor, it is allowed to retain the existing staircase of type L1, provided that the building floor is provided with an emergency exit in accordance with the requirements of the Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements and SP 1.13130. 7.2.8 If the total area of apartments on the floor is more than 500, evacuation must be carried out in at least two staircases (normal or smoke-free). In residential buildings with a total area of apartments on the floor from 500 to 550, one emergency exit from the apartments is allowed: if the height of the upper floor is not more than 28 m - into an ordinary staircase, provided that the front rooms in the apartments are equipped with addressable fire alarm sensors; if the height of the upper floor is more than 28 m - into one smoke-free staircase, provided that all premises of the apartments (except for bathrooms, bathrooms, showers and laundry rooms) are equipped with addressable fire alarm sensors or automatic fire extinguishing. 7.2.9 For a multi-level apartment, it is allowed not to provide access to the stairwell from each floor, provided that the premises of the apartment are located no higher than 18 m and the floor of the apartment that does not have direct access to the stairwell is provided with an emergency exit in accordance with the requirements of the Technical Regulations on the requirements fire safety. The internal staircase is allowed to be made of wood. 7.2.10 Passage to the outer air zone of the H1 type stairwell is allowed through the elevator hall, while the arrangement of elevator shafts and doors in them must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements and SP 4.13130. 7.2.11 In buildings up to 50 m high with a total area of apartments on the section floor up to 500, it is allowed to provide an emergency exit to a stairwell of type H2 or H3 when one of the elevators is installed in the building, which ensures the transportation of fire departments and meets the requirements of GOST R 53296. At the same time, access to the H2 stairwell should be provided through the vestibule (or elevator hall), and the doors of the stairwell, elevator shafts, tambour-locks and tambours must be type 2 fireproof. 7.2.12 In sectional houses with a height of more than 28 m, exit to the outside from smoke-free staircases (type H1) can be arranged through the vestibule (in the absence of exits to it from the parking lot and public premises), separated from the adjacent corridors by fireproof partitions of the 1st type with fireproof type 2 doors. In this case, the connection of the H1 type stairwell with the vestibule must be arranged through the air zone. It is allowed to fill the opening of the air zone on the ground floor with a metal grate. On the way from the apartment to the staircase H1, there must be at least two (not counting the doors from the apartment) successively located self-closing doors. 7.2.13 In a building with a height of three floors or more, exits to the outside from the basement, basement floors and technical underground must be located at least 100 m apart and must not communicate with the staircases of the residential part of the building. It is allowed to arrange exits from basements and basement floors through the staircase of the residential part, taking into account the requirements of the Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements and SP 1.13130. Exits from technical floors should be provided in accordance with SP 1.13130. Exits from technical floors located in the middle or upper part of the building are allowed through common staircases, and in buildings with H1 staircases - through the air zone. 7.2.14 When arranging emergency exits from the attic floors to the roof, it is necessary to provide for platforms and walkways with fencing in accordance with GOST 25772 leading to type 3 stairs and P2 stairs. 7.2.15 Public premises must have entrances and emergency exits isolated from the residential part of the building. When placing artists' and architects' workshops, as well as office premises on the upper floor, it is allowed to take the stairwells of the residential part of the building as evacuation exits, while the communication of the floor with the stairwell should be provided through a vestibule with fire doors. The door in the vestibule, facing the staircase, should be provided with opening only from the inside of the room. It is allowed to arrange one evacuation exit from the premises of public institutions located on the first and basement floors with a total area of not more than 300 and the number of employees not more than 15 people. 7.3 Fire requirements for engineering systems and building equipment 7.3.7 Heat supply systems for residential buildings should be provided in accordance with the requirements of SP 60.13330. 7.3.8 Heat generators, cooking and heating furnaces operating on solid fuels may be provided in residential buildings up to two floors inclusive (excluding the basement). 7.3.9 Heat generators, including solid fuel stoves and fireplaces, cooking stoves and chimneys must be made with the implementation of structural measures in accordance with the requirements of SP 60.13330. Prefabricated heat generators and hobs must also be installed taking into account the safety requirements contained in the manufacturer's instructions. 7.3.10 The collection chamber shall be protected throughout the entire area by sprinklers. The section of the distribution pipeline of the sprinklers must be annular, connected to the building's drinking water supply network and have thermal insulation made of non-combustible materials. The chamber door must be insulated. 7.4 Ensuring fire fighting and rescue operations 7.4.2 In each compartment (section) of the basement or basement, separated by fire barriers, at least two windows with dimensions of at least 0.9 x 1.2 m with pits should be provided. The area of the light opening of these windows must be taken according to the calculation, but not less than 0.2% of the floor area of these premises. The dimensions of the pit should allow the supply of fire extinguishing agent from the foam generator and the removal of smoke using a smoke exhauster (the distance from the wall of the building to the border of the pit should be at least 0.7 m). 7.4.3 In the transverse walls of basements and technical undergrounds of large-panel buildings, openings with a clear height of 1.6 m are allowed. In this case, the height of the threshold should not exceed 0.3 m. 7.4.5 On the drinking water supply network in each apartment, a separate tap with a diameter of at least 15 mm should be provided for connecting a hose equipped with a sprayer to be used as the primary device for internal fire extinguishing to eliminate the source of fire. The length of the hose should ensure the possibility of supplying water to any point in the apartment. 7.4.6 In residential buildings (in sectional buildings - in each section) with a height of more than 50 m, one of the elevators must ensure the transportation of fire departments and comply with the requirements of GOST R 53296. 8 Safety in use 8.2 The slope and width of flights of stairs and ramps, the height of the steps, the width of the treads, the width of the landings, the height of the passages on the stairs, the basement, the attic in use, as well as the dimensions of the doorways, should ensure the convenience and safety of movement and the ability to move items of equipment of the corresponding premises of the apartments and built-in in a public building. The minimum width and maximum slope of flights of stairs should be taken according to table 8.1. Table 8.1
The height of differences in the floor level of different rooms and spaces in the building must be safe. Where necessary, handrails and ramps should be provided. The number of rises in one flight of stairs or at a level difference should be at least 3 and not more than 18. The use of stairs with different heights and depths of steps is not allowed. In multi-level apartments, indoor staircases are allowed with spiral or winder steps, while the width of the tread in the middle must be at least 18 cm. 8.11 On the operated roofs of residential buildings, it is necessary to ensure the safety of their use by installing appropriate fences, protecting ventilation outlets and other engineering devices located on the roof, and, if necessary, noise protection of the premises below. On the operated roofs of built-in and attached public premises, as well as at the entrance area, on summer non-residential premises, in connecting elements between residential buildings, including open non-residential floors (ground and intermediate), used for arranging sports grounds for recreation of adult residents of the house , areas for drying clothes and cleaning clothes or a solarium, the necessary security measures should be provided (device of fences and measures to protect ventilation outlets). 8.12 The switchboard room, rooms for head stations (HS), technical centers (TC) of cable television, sound transformer substations (ZTP), as well as places for telephone distribution cabinets (SHRT) should not be located under rooms with wet processes (bathrooms, toilets, etc. .). 8.13 Premises of HS, shopping center, ZTP should have entrances directly from the street; the electrical room (including for communication equipment, automatic control systems, dispatching and television) must have an entrance directly from the street or from a floor-by-floor non-apartment corridor (hall); the approach to the installation site of the SHRT should also be from the indicated corridor. 9 Ensuring sanitary and epidemiological requirements 9.2 The design parameters of the air in the premises of a residential building should be taken according to SP 60.13330 and taking into account the optimal standards of GOST 30494. The air exchange rate in the premises in the maintenance mode should be taken in accordance with table 9.1. Table 9.1
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