Looking for thoughtful house plans with photos and dimensions? Our free online catalog contains a large number of good layouts private houses and cottages with excellent photos and 3D visualizations. On each plan, the names of the rooms and their areas are indicated, the location of the furniture is plotted, but of course you can rearrange it at your discretion. When choosing a project, pay attention to the number of storeys (one or two floors), the presence of an attic, terrace or balcony. The number of bedrooms in the plan of the house is also important. For a private house permanent residence at least three bedrooms are needed. Well, if one of the bedrooms is located on the first floor, usually this room is allocated for elderly family members (grandparents). If the layout of the house has a garage, then it is better that the entrance to the house is through a separate vestibule, then it will be more difficult for unpleasant odors and dirt to get inside the cottage, keep this in mind!
Developers who regularly read FORUMHOUSE know well that a thoughtful attitude to the project is an indispensable condition for proper construction. Moreover, the design of cottages involves, first of all, functionality. In pursuit of the external effect, many novice developers forget that the house is, first of all, the place where you and your family will live for many years.
From here appear private houses uncomfortable for living, construction, the design of which was carried out with a mass of unnecessary decor and absolutely ill-conceived functionality of the premises.
Professional architects know how to build a comfortable and comfortable home, which will please the eye not only of its owners, but also of those around them.
Design and construction country houses: where does the project selection begin
Whatever cottage you decide to build - stone, wooden or frame, its design begins ... with the purchase of a plot and a study of the soil. Yes, yes, it is from the purchase of a plot (if it does not exist yet) for future construction. After all, the most competent and carefully designed architectural project cottage may not "work" without "landing" the building on a specific area.
Residential building layout.
At this stage, it may turn out that you planned to build a stone building, ordered a project, paid money for it, and after buying a site and geological research, it turns out that the bearing capacity of the soil is insufficient to withstand a heavy structure.
Dmitry ShilnikovArchitect, Moscow.
Clay, loam, sand, floating rocks, groundwater level, the possibility of displacement of rocks, all this must be taken into account when choosing the type of foundation - the foundation of the building, which is the key to the durability of the entire structure.
As a result, it will be necessary to develop an architectural design for a lighter wooden or frame residential building, or to significantly increase the supporting surface of the foundation. The correct approach to designing individual buildings made of stone and wood is fundamentally different from each other.
The construction of stone allows the presence of complex shapes in terms of, "cunning" roofs, non-standard openings. Such cottages give a lot of room for creativity. In wood, on the contrary, the simpler the plan and shape of the roof, the better. Due to the nature of shrinkage and the need for rigid bandaging of the walls, the complex shape incorporated in the project of a wooden cottage can lead to problems and instability of the entire structure.
If these details are not worked out immediately, this will lead to a loss of time and money, and may lead to the need for a complete redesign of the architectural concept of the entire building. Therefore, before starting design work, find out which cottage will withstand the soil on your site.
It is also important to have access roads, whether heavy construction equipment, mixers with concrete will be able to drive to the site, whether a truck with building materials will be able to turn around, whether it will get stuck in the spring-autumn thaw.
Design of private houses: live with a plot
And these are just a few of the many nuances that need to be considered before proceeding with the selection or development of an individual project.
Azat Khasanov Architect, Moscow.
I advise, before you start choosing a project, "live" with your site for at least one season. Study it, come and take pictures, where the sun and shadows pass, where there will be beautiful views, where neighbors put cottages. It is very important to “look” at your site and adjacent buildings from above with the help of services virtual cards. Take a look around.
Such an approach will help determine: in which direction to orient the future building with its main premises, entrance, terraces for relaxation. And, on the contrary, from what it is necessary to “turn away” or close.
The layout of the house should go with an eye to the future.
If the plots in the village have not yet been developed, you can assume that you will put the cottage "there", and a wonderful view will open from the windows, but in the future this view may be blocked by a neighbor's house or a good, but deaf and high fence.
Azat Khasanov
If the neighbors have not quite “showed themselves” yet, I would say that this is an unpredictable situation. After all, we do not know their taste preferences or their ambitions for the height of the future home.
It depends on the competent forecasting of neighboring buildings whether the view from the living room will be pleasing to the eye, or whether the neighbor will present us with a “gift”.
It is also important to study the terrain of the site. It is worth paying attention to the difference in heights. These features seriously affect the placement of the building. A competent layout of houses, cottages, taking into account the relief, will allow you to get a deep distant view from the windows of the surroundings, over the neighbors. Or, using a height difference, make a garage or basement “invisible”. A slight slope will make it possible to make different heights of the rooms in the cottage in order to plan a high living room, and bedrooms and other rooms - of a minimum height.
Dmitry Shilnikov
The site can play a very important role in the design of the project. Features of the relief, shape, dimensions, features of insolation and surrounding buildings can dramatically affect the configuration of the cottage.
Layout of country houses and cottages: we take into account the features
The plot was bought and a firm decision was made to build a house on it. Immediately a lot of questions arise: what kind of cottage to build, what size, what shape, and most importantly - how to express your idea.
There is only one way out - first you need to systematize absolutely all your wishes for future housing, discuss ideas with all family members. It is one thing to plan a house for a young couple with children, and quite another thing for adults, already accomplished people whose children have long grown up.
Everyone has different tastes and preferences. You need to immediately think about how you will live in this cottage in 5, 10, 20 years. Think about how comfortable it will be for you to move around in old age. If at the age of 20 it is not difficult to run up the stairs to the second floor, then at 60 it can cause difficulties: simple layout home would be preferable.
When calculating the required area of \u200b\u200bthe building, it is worth considering such an aspect as the economical operation of the cottage. After all, now you have to clean a room with an area of 300, 500 or more square meters, and you will have to pay for the heating of such “choirs”, even when you retire, and prices will hardly fall by this time. All this is important to take into account in advance.
Dmitry Shilnikov
Each family member should have their own personal space in the future home. Therefore, ideally, when planning rooms in a private house, you need to take the number of residents for the number of rooms (bedrooms) + one additional free-use room that can serve as a guest room, study, library, playroom, etc.
To this are added a living room, a kitchen, technical rooms (furnace, pantry), bathrooms (at the rate of one bathroom for two bedrooms). And this is a necessary minimum for a comfortable stay. But there are still - dressing rooms, swimming pools, gyms, cinemas, baths, etc.
If we turn to numbers, we can say that the area of a good comfortable bedroom should be - 14-16 sq.m, living room - from 28 sq.m, kitchen - from 14 sq.m. It is possible and more - it already depends on the personal preferences of the owner.
When planning a house, it is important to correctly observe the proportions of the size of the house and the plot. If the site is small, then you should not "clutter" it with a large cottage, because. free territory on a landscaped plot is as valuable as the useful area of the premises in the building.
Proper house layout
The composition and size of the premises are determined taking into account the requirements for comfortable living for all family members. Namely:
To avoid annoying mistakes and not to miss important moments for yourself, the customer needs to write everything down. Any smallest detail that has flown out of my head can subsequently lead to costly alterations both to the house already built on it.
Azat Khasanov
Before starting the design, I suggest that the developer fill out a short questionnaire. You can add sketches, favorite projects and photo layouts to it. finished houses. Thus, I first get acquainted with the wishes for the project.
A similar approach can be adopted by anyone who is thinking about building. The questionnaire consists of the following questions:
Azat Khasanov
The future developer should do some work and, together with all family members, draw up a task for designing a house. This will allow you to systematize your wishes, which will save both your time and the time of the architect involved in the design.
Dmitry Shilnikov,
Moscow.
For a clear idea of what you want to get as an output, it is better to draw up a working TOR ( technical task), in which to try to describe in detail the composition of the premises, areas, functional zoning, the style of the building, the materials from which the house will be built, binding to the site and orientation, special wishes, etc.
Correctly express for yourself or convey to the architect (if it is supposed individual design) all ideas will also help sketches, projects and photos of houses you like. The source can be magazines, the Internet, specialized exhibitions, it is also necessary to plan trips with a camera around the neighborhood. In the future, this constructive selection will help to understand stylistic and planning requests, and will give a vector of movement when drawing up initial sketches. You need to pay attention to the style in which the architect who provides you with this service prefers to work.
You need to look for a specialist who is close to you in spirit. Some design excellent houses in the "classic", but they may simply "not understand" the developer who is going to build a mansion in the Art Nouveau or high-tech style.
What form of house and roof to prefer
You can hear the opinion that a beautiful cottage must necessarily be of a complex shape, with a sloping roof, bay windows, decorated with many decorative elements.
Practice shows that the ratio of the proportions of the future home should be put at the forefront. This is the ratio of the height of the walls and the size of the roof and the ratio of the sizes of various elements, etc. Harmonious, which means beautiful house it does not have to be large or complex in shape.
When designing a house, it should be remembered that a building of a simple cubic shape is cheaper to build, it takes less building materials, it is more energy efficient. In such a cottage, it is easier to “connect” all the rooms with each other.
Dmitry Shilnikov
People often ask whether it is worth making a “second light”, a bay window and others. architectural forms. In my opinion, anything that makes your home unique (within reason) can be done.
"Second light" or an atrium, pergolas, interesting plastic facades, continuous glazing or panoramic balconies - all this makes the house unique, gives the premises an unusual shape. But things like this should be originally included in the project. They need to be adapted to the facades and layouts. Otherwise, they will be inappropriate, violating the initially laid down proportions.
One of the most effective ways to transform any cottage is with a well-chosen form of roofing and roofing material. No wonder the roof is called the “fifth facade”.
Roofing plays an important role in the perception of the house. After all, not every coating will be in harmony with the facade, green spaces (trees, shrubs, flower beds, etc.) and the site itself.
Dmitry Shilnikov
The shape of the roof largely determines the overall perception of the volume of the building and its architecture.
Multifaceted - a complex, sloping roof gives the building a special personality, but a simple gable roof, with the proper approach to its design, can look very interesting. One of these ways can be an increase in the overhang of the roof, as well as the harmonious organization of the under-roof space.
When choosing a roof of one form or another, you need to immediately think about the convenience of its operation - cleaning from snow, branches, leaves, reliable waterproofing of joints (especially for complex-shaped roofs), etc.
Two floors or one
Designing cottages, country houses is often accompanied by the question of how many floors to build. There is no universal answer, because it all depends on the preferences of the developer, the size and shape of the site. The house, both in one and in two floors, has pros and cons. For guidance, you can use the advice from Dmitry Shilnikov .
Let's take two houses of equal area: from 80 sq.m. Advantages of a two-story building:
Foundation area. For a one-story one, it is larger and, accordingly, more expensive;
Not every site will allow the construction of a one-story structure “spread” over the territory;
With the same area, in a one-story building, each room will get a smaller piece of the outer wall, and, accordingly, there are fewer opportunities to organize interesting glazing. Rooms can turn out to be elongated into the depths of the house, with incorrect proportions;
The roof, like the foundation, one-story version will be much more expensive;
An important issue is heat loss. The building loses the main heat through the floor and roof, and in a one-story house they are larger in area.
Pay attention to a good, comfortable staircase, and a two-story building will not cause inconvenience.
Each living room can get a beautiful panoramic window with access to a personal veranda;
The absence of interfloor overlap will reduce the cost of building a building;
It is easier for older people to move around a one-story cottage;
External compactness.
What to choose - an attic or a full-fledged second floor
This question is a place for clash of different opinions. Someone is only “for” the attic, someone prefers a full-fledged second floor. One piece of advice - what you like, then choose. Both solutions can be interesting to implement. But the attic must be planned, otherwise it will be uncomfortable to be in it. The height of the fracture of the wall and ceiling on the 2nd floor should be at least 160 cm. Then, given the angle of inclination of the roof of 45 degrees, with growth up to 185 cm, you can safely approach the wall, lean against it with your shoulder, and your head will not touch ceiling.
Dmitry Shilnikov
The attic floor can be very comfortable, the bevels of the roof give it beauty and individuality, it creates the feeling of not being a city apartment. Such a design of the ceiling does not put pressure on the psyche at all.
Experience shows that when installing an attic instead of a second floor, the cost of a house is at least reduced, but only slightly, since the construction of a mansard roof is more complicated than that of an attic, and requires higher qualifications of the performers involved in the design and construction of cottages.
Entrance space is the same important element like other rooms. When designing it, it is important to observe the so-called. principle of "intuitive entry". Any person unfamiliar with the house, having entered it and crossed the threshold, must understand without prompting where to go next;
Zoning. For a comfortable stay, the cottage is divided into private and common areas. The space is organized so that guests do not pass by the master bedroom. Children or teenagers going to the toilet in the evening in pajamas did not go through a living room full of adults sitting in a noisy company. Such a system is easier to organize in two-story houses, where the division into private and common parts is set by a staircase;
When drawing up a plan for a house, you should remember the hobbies of all household members. Uto likes to sit in silence with a book in the evening, and someone learns to play musical instruments. From here - different requirements to the placement of rooms and their sound insulation;
"- we will find out the answer to this question in the corresponding topic. Everything on the “Residents of Angels” is collected in this photo album.
This video on our website is about an unusual and functional house project. You can find out what a natural style house is by watching this video.
layout one-story house the task is not an easy one, so you need to decide for yourself whether it is worth doing it yourself or entrusting this mission to a specialist. And where to start and what options for planning are available, read below in this publication.
Many residents of high-rise buildings cherish the dream to someday escape from the bustle of the city and acquire a cozy mansion closer to nature. Moreover, most of them do not plan to build any luxurious villas at all. This is very expensive both in construction and in the further operation of the building, and, by and large, it is not particularly necessary. Very solid and comfortable housing for a family can be arranged in a relatively small one-story house. But, of course, if his project is comprehensively thought out in advance.
It should be noted that the layout of a one-story house is not such an easy task. It is required to accommodate in a rather limited area all the premises necessary for a comfortable life, engineering systems, reasonably and in accordance with applicable requirements, equip the area around the building. Therefore, most future owners of country houses turn to specialists in search of a solution.
But there are always such owners of construction sites who initially prefer to deal with such issues exclusively on their own. And it’s easy to understand - who, if not the owners, is more likely to want the premises of the house and their location to be as comfortable as possible in Everyday life. To understand some of the nuances associated with the layout of the house, with the sequence of this process, this publication will provide useful recommendations.
First of all, it is necessary to be well aware that a house project should be developed only after it has been purchased a plot and soil surveys were carried out. From the resulting picture will depend on what material can be used to build the building, on what foundation it will be built.
It would seem - what is the connection? And everything is quite obvious - on certain soils you have to resort to using a pile foundation. And this circumstance, in turn, means that you do not have to rely on basements or basements. Now this is serious! In favorable conditions, the basement, although remaining non-residential, is still able to take on a lot of useful functions. So everything, including the necessary technical premises, will have to be distributed exclusively within one floor.
The next point that needs to be well thought out is the location of the house on the site. There are several important factors to consider here:
Thus, everything is very interconnected, and the overall planning of the house requires a comprehensive look at the problem.
The difficult task of planning a suburban area
Having received at your disposal a plot for construction, it is necessary to think over its rational use to the smallest detail. Some important aspects are covered in detail in a special publication of our portal.
The construction of a one-story house has a large number of advantages over the construction of buildings with two or more floors. It is quite obvious that it will take much less time, require not so much effort and material costs.
One-story buildings are distinguished by higher reliability and security level. Of course, when developing a project, there are certain limitations on the ability to fulfill all your desires for organizing living space. But usually an average family is quite comfortably accommodated in a one-story house. If the number of residents requiring separate premises is large, then it is still possible to expand the area of \u200b\u200ba one-story building by equipping a warm attic, which will only slightly increase the weight of the building.
And because houses in one floor are invariably popular. By the way, they look great in the overall design of the site and are in harmony with the surrounding natural landscape.
It is clear that it is necessary to seriously work on the distribution of the internal area of the building, since the house must meet the needs of all family members and remain comfortable for living. If at the beginning of planning there is not yet an established idea of how the premises inside the house can be distributed, then it makes sense to familiarize yourself with finished projects that have already been implemented.
One-story houses, of course, can have both advantages and disadvantages in their layout. Therefore, in order not to encounter later inconvenience during your stay, you should choose an option that will suit all residents of the house.
From a financial point of view, when choosing a ready-made or developing your own project, it is worth considering the following points related to the advantages of a one-story building:
At the foundation construction stage, the location and area of \u200b\u200bfuture rooms should already be determined, since the foundation for the walls, including the load-bearing partitions, is being built according to the developed project.
When drafting a one-story house, one should also take into account the "pitfalls", which are especially characteristic of buildings with a large area:
If you try to get a gain in area by increasing the dimensions of the building in the plan, then the arrangement of the roofing system becomes another difficulty. This needs to be considered at the design stage. That is, to plan several internal load-bearing partitions, which will remove part of the load from the external enclosing structures and become a reliable support for the floor beams and elements of the truss system.
In this section of the publication, several different options for planning the interior space of a one-story house will be considered. From them, you can choose an approximately suitable project for a particular house, or use the scheme as a basis for organizing individual areas of the building.
The area of a one-story house can include not only residential and common rooms, but also a garage, as well as a terrace. Moreover, all of the above premises are perfectly placed under one roof.
The layout can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. In the first case, the garage space is separated from the living area by a main wall, that is, it is a kind of extension, which is located under a common roof with the whole house.
In the example shown, a fairly rational distribution of the area of a one-story house is presented, in which three separate bedrooms are well located. Two of them are designed for two and one - for one person.
The doors of all rooms open onto the common space of the living room, partially combined with the kitchen. In the hall-living room there are two exits from the house, one of which leads to the garage, the other to the street through the terrace.
A sanitary unit is also publicly available - the entrance to it is also located in the hall, between two bedrooms. In general, the house will feel spacious due to the large area of \u200b\u200bthe living room, but at the same time, each of the residents has their own personal space at their disposal.
This project has a layout small house designed to accommodate two or three people. Although the area of the cottage is quite small, it provides everything necessary for a comfortable stay - this is a common room for the whole family to gather, a personal space for each of the tenants, as well as the required communal amenities.
Yes, the rooms in the house are quite small, but isolated, which is an absolute advantage for a good rest. The disadvantage (to some extent, conditional, given the current fashion trend) in this layout is the combination of the living room with the kitchen. To exclude the appearance of odors of cooking food that can impregnate furniture textiles, curtains, and other accessories, it is necessary to provide good system ventilation and install an efficient kitchen hood.
Perhaps the small dimensions of such a building will seem too cramped for year-round use. But on the other hand, as a country house in which you can settle with your family for the whole summer, this option will be optimal. Relatively inexpensive to build and quite comfortable.
A small but well-insulated house can be easily heated with a long-burning wood-burning fireplace with a water circuit, installing radiators in each of the rooms. In the case of using gas or even electric heating, it will also not be very costly, since the area of \u200b\u200bthe house is small.
Layout of the house 10 × 10 meters
If the territory of the site is large enough, and financial possibilities allow it, then you can consider a house project of 10 × 10 m. Such a housing area is necessary in cases where the family consists of 4 ÷ 5 or more people. A comfortable house with such dimensional parameters is most often built for permanent residence, but sometimes as a summer cottage.
The area of such a house allows you to place under one roof not only living rooms, but also the necessary technical premises. In the presented example, a zone for organizing a boiler room is allocated in the house, which is very convenient for its maintenance. Very often, boiler rooms are equipped in annexes with a separate entrance, so in case of problems in winter, you have to dress warmly to get to the equipment. In addition, if snow fell on the street, then before getting into Utility room you have to clear your way. Here, everything is always under control.
In this project, all bedrooms are located on one side of the house. The living room is combined with the kitchen, which, again, requires the arrangement of a high-quality ventilation system. However, ventilation issues should be a priority in any layout of a residential building.
The comfort of living in a house cannot be achieved without effective ventilation!
Unfortunately, quite often, when developing a project for their future home, the owners for some reason “release the brakes” on ventilation issues. An unforgivable mistake - it is impossible to solve the problem of "air renewal" in the premises with simple ventilation! On what principles it is built, what standards exist, and what needs to be provided for this - read in a special detailed publication of our portal.
The vestibule is equipped with an additional door, thanks to which an “air gap” is created between the entrance to the house and the living quarters, which allows you to keep the heat in the house, that is, save on heating.
Next to the sanitary unit, there is a small dressing room or pantry, in which things that are not in demand at the moment can be stored.
A spacious house is the dream of any large family, however, when planning its construction, one should count on one’s financial capabilities not only for construction, but also for its maintenance, first of all, heating and energy supply.
This house has a very the average size in terms of. But at the expense of attic rooms, many problems of comfortable living for one large or even two small families are solved.
Such a construction option will be optimal if the area of the site is small, but the family consists of 4 ÷ 6 people, and it is planned to equip a personal space for each of them. The project involves not only the organization of comfortable living, but also a compact location of the building on the site.
In the lower part of the house, according to the plan, the main premises are located - a living room and a kitchen, one bedroom and a sanitary unit. A stairway leads to the attic.
In the attic there is a recreation area, which includes two small bedrooms and a closed hall, which can be used as a dressing room.
The project can be used for the construction of a country house, used only in the summer, as well as for the construction of a full-fledged mansion for permanent residence. In the second case, in order for the attic to be suitable for living at any time of the year, it will have to be well insulated.
How is attic insulation performed?
It would probably be more correct to talk not about insulation, but about high-quality thermal insulation of this room. Yes, it is necessary to save heat to the maximum in winter, but it is equally important to prevent the attic from turning into "hell" when the summer heat sets in. A high-quality one will solve both problems, but how to provide it yourself - read in a special article on our portal.
AT last years increasingly used in Russia Finnish technology construction of houses, as it has proven its effectiveness and subsequent ease of use of the building. Therefore, in this subsection, options for organizing the space of similar houses with the same area will be considered.
If the house is small in size, and it has not yet been decided how the premises will be located, then the space can be divided by partitions even after building the house box and covering it with a roofing system. The only thing that will be difficult to change is the location of the kitchen, bathroom and boiler room, since the necessary engineering communications will already be connected to them at the stage of building the foundation.
The size of the house is 11.4 × 8.49 m. The rooms located inside can have a different area. Both in the first and in the second version of the plan, a boiler room is provided in the house, which has two entrances - from the street and from the house. The entrance to the main premises from the street is from the side of the terrace.
In the first version of the layout, the bathroom and toilet are separated from each other and located in different places. The toilet has two entrances - from the side of one of the bedrooms and the corridor. Attached to the same bedroom. The living room is a walk-through room - from it there is a door to one of the bedrooms.
The kitchen and dining room are located in the central part of the house and are partially combined with the living room, that is, there is no door between them. Therefore, a powerful hood should be installed in the kitchen to maximize the removal of various fumes, which are indispensable when cooking.
The living room is equipped with a fireplace, which creates a cozy atmosphere in the room.
To save the accumulated heat at the entrance to the house, a vestibule is provided, separated from the main living quarters by a door. Due to this, cold air masses from the street do not enter directly into the living area.
In this regard, on the same area, the premises are distributed differently. The central part of the house is reserved for the combined living room-kitchen-dining room. The fireplace in this layout is moved to the living area. The bedrooms are located on one side of the building and are separated by a dressing room. The bathroom is combined and located on the opposite side of the house from the bedrooms.
In the same place, a boiler room with two entrances has been preserved, as well as the main entrance through the terrace.
The convenience of two entrances to the boiler room is that when it is serviced by specialists, they do not have to enter the house. If it is used for heating the house, then loading firewood into the room can be done from the side of the street without polluting the living quarters.
Another layout option in which all the rooms of the house are located quite compactly. The size of this building, together with the terrace, is 9 by 11 meters. At the same time, the rooms have a rather large area due to the reduced premises of the hallway and corridor.
The house has two entrances - front and so-called black, leading to the premises from the yard through the terrace.
In this case, it is also combined with the kitchen, but their total area is large enough so that the room can be divided into two separate rooms, and the entrance to the kitchen can be arranged from the hallway.
The bathroom in this layout is combined, but also organized in a fairly spacious room.
Entrances to all rooms are provided from one internal large corridor. A very important decision is the separation of the inner corridor from the entrances from the street by hallways. This layout allows you to keep inside the house warm and clean. interior spaces. A small terrace overlooking the courtyard will be a great place to spend time in the summer, both during the day and in the evening. On this site, it is quite possible to install a children's pool, as well as organize a place for tea drinking.
An important aspect in the preparation of the project is the choice of the style of the future house, since the location of the rooms, as well as the presence of some extensions, often depend on the shape of the facade. Next, the most popular options that are actively used in the construction of modern houses will be presented.
The classic remains fashionable at all times, therefore it is often used in modern projects, although some "coldness" is visible in its rigor and linearity. But at the same time, the classic style is a kind of indicator of solidity and reliability.
In the classical style, both one-story and high-rise building. The main features of this direction of architecture are the following:
The house, built in a classical style, has even walls, so its interior space is easy to plan into the desired zones.
The English architectural style is also characterized by laconic forms and straight lines. It does not imply the presence of ornate decorative ornaments, columns and balustrades - the style is distinguished by a touch of aristocracy and restraint. The appearance of the house inspires a sense of security and a sense of comfort.
It should be noted that this direction is becoming more and more popular in domestic construction - today it often maintains entire suburban villages.
Distinctive features of the English style are the following facade elements:
Thanks to the right angles at which the walls are located in relation to each other, it will not be difficult to plan its interior space. Another detail, without which the English style will not be complete, is at least a small front garden and, broken directly in front of the facade of the building.
Log cabins are traditional for Russian architecture. They are not built so widely in any country in the world, since the connection of individual elements to each other, as well as the insulation technology, are quite complex, and the construction of walls is a laborious operation due to the large mass of logs.
In addition, a wooden frame today will cost a lot, however, and it will serve its owners and even their children for many decades. Natural wood gives a feeling of warmth and comfort, creating a very healthy and comfortable microclimate in the house.
If this style option is chosen, then it must be remembered that the layout is determined before the construction of the house begins, since internal partitions are erected along with load-bearing walls.
Russian style is defined by the following facade elements:
This style is otherwise called Alpine, since houses with such an architectural solution are common in this region. However, chalet-style houses have long become popular in different countries peace. This can be explained by the fact that the style includes elements of various directions, and houses can look completely different. However, the "chalet" style also has its own individual features that give it away.
Traditional for the "chalet" are the following factors:
The size of the window openings is not important - they can be small or occupy most of the facade wall. This feature already depends on the preferences of the owners of the house.
A house built in the "chalet" style can have a large or small area. But its walls are erected at right angles to each other, so planning the location of the rooms in it will not be so difficult.
No wonder this style is of interest to domestic developers, as the designs have been tested by time and the harsh climate of the Scandinavian regions. That is, the conditions are very close to Russian winters.
The main thing in such houses is the maximum functionality and the use of natural materials. No decorative elements are provided in the projects, since they focus on rationality, that is, keeping the heat inside the house.
Distinctive features of houses made in the Scandinavian style are the following points:
Something by appearance the Scandinavian style is reminiscent of the "chalet", but this is not surprising, since the houses are designed to operate in similar conditions, and the same goals were set during their development.
These house designs can also be planned after the construction of the main walls by installing light partitions. With this approach, over time, the area can be rescheduled without prejudice to the load-bearing walls and truss system.
Minimalism includes several styles, it includes "hi-tech", "loft" and others. Houses built in this architectural direction are similar to each other and represent simple and strict forms with an almost complete absence of decor as such.
The following points can be considered a feature of buildings in this direction:
True, the abundance of glass surfaces is not particularly shown in houses built in regions with a harsh winter climate. After all, even the highest quality windows still become paths for heat loss.
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Starting your own development of the layout of the future home, it is necessary to take into account not only the above recommendations, but also your own preferences, as well as available financial opportunities. And the first step in this process can be a sketch made even by hand, which it is desirable to discuss and approve at the “family council”.
– component project documentation, where the location of the main structures, partitions, doors and windows is fixed. Such a document also displays the area and size of all rooms, the material used for construction, the location of plumbing and other technological marks.
Many decide to build the most spacious house. But such an option may not be rational. Often a standard cottage 10x10 m is the best solution. Having studied the corresponding photos, this is easy to verify.
If the house is high, then moving around it takes a lot of time, heating costs increase. You should also think about the property tax, the amount of which depends on the size of the house.
A two-story house is necessary for a family with several children, and a small one-story house is one-stop solution which suits most. Also, do not forget that when the children grow up, the spacious second floor will become unnecessary.
But a two-story house still has certain advantages over a one-story building. With the same area, the construction of such a cottage will be cheaper by reducing the cost of arranging the foundation and roof. In a high house, it is easier to place the necessary rooms, and heat loss is also reduced. But the layout of a one-story house eliminates the need to build stairs.
To a private house was convenient, you need to correctly arrange the rooms on the building plan. The second floor is a suitable place for the bedroom, and the first floor is for the living room, kitchen. But if there are elderly people in the family, then one bedroom should be located below.
Estimate which side the sun will be on. Standard option: the bedroom is oriented to the east, the living room to the west, the kitchen to the east or south. If the window faces south, then air conditioning is required. The staircase is located on the north side. You also need to consider whether the windows overlook the noisy side of the street. The best solution is for the bedroom window to be oriented to a quiet area.
In rooms located on the south side, flowers grow well. But they can get hot in the summer. Therefore, tall trees are planted on the south side of the plot, blocking the path of the sun's rays.
A comfortable residential building is a building where the layout corresponds to the advice of experts tested in practice. What are the common points to consider?
A common question is how to determine the height of the ceilings? Excessively low ceilings, like high ones, will be an irrational solution. Ceilings that are higher than average height increase the cost of heating the house, building walls, stairs, and decoration.
If the floor area is more than 20 sq. m, then the comfortable ceiling height is above 3 m. For an area of 16-20 sq. m, the optimal ceiling height is from 2.7 to 3 m. Therefore, the layout should take into account that within the same floor it is better to make rooms of approximately the same size. If the layout does not allow doing this, then the height of the ceilings is made different. For example, the level is significantly reduced by plasterboarding. After all, a small room with high ceilings looks disharmonious.
An interesting and modern option, thanks to which the layout will become unique - double or one and a half height ceilings relative to the minimum in the house. For example, this is how the living room is set up. Such a modern plan - frequent solution in the photo of foreign interiors. But such a decision is associated with certain difficulties.
Prior to the construction of an individual house, project documentation should be developed. It must contain all constructive and planning solutions, including calculations for the stability and strength of the building being erected, as well as its estimated cost. Based on the design part, working drawings are drawn up. They serve as executive documentation, are used at the stage of acceptance and delivery of the finished construction object.
The functionality of the future home is laid down during the development of the project, which includes the layout of the internal space. It displays the location of load-bearing and enclosing structures, partitions, windows and doors, as well as:
A rational layout inside the house allows you to take into account the interests of each of the family members, to allocate personal space for each.
See also: Construction design stages
When developing the internal plan of the house, it is necessary to divide its total area into zones:
The total area of the house is calculated as the sum of the areas of residential and utility premises. It is determined by the geometric dimensions of the room, measured at floor level between the individual surfaces of the walls and internal partitions.
In accordance with building codes and regulations, the area:
To ensure the ease of use of an individual house, its practicality, the following recommendations should be followed:
Prior to the construction of an object, it is necessary to obtain a building permit by contacting the architecture department of the local government administration. Attached is a blueprint. land plot with the location of the house and all types of future buildings.
The residential building must meet the requirements:
Performance design work for the construction of private houses is strictly regulated nearby normative documents, including the use of:
The standards of the above acts establish the minimum allowable dimensions of premises with an area of at least:
In accordance with current regulations for individual housing construction allowed:
In accordance with existing rules and regulations, it is prohibited:
Prior to the development of the layout of the house from the inside, it is necessary to determine the number of storeys of the future building, the number and purpose of the required premises. In addition, factors such as:
The internal space of the building can be increased by arranging ground floor and attic or combination of separate rooms. However, the latter option excludes the construction of corridors that allow free movement from one room to another.
The layout of a private house is largely determined by its parameters and shape. It can be either simple rectangular, square, or complex, made up of various geometric shapes. In any case, you should get comfortable housing, the structure of which takes into account the needs of all family members.
If the construction budget is small, then the best choice may be the construction of a one-story house. Such a project will have an acceptable cost, short terms implementation. And the development of a rational internal layout will create a comfortable and practical home for a small family.
The figure on the right shows one of these options. It is embodied on the basis of a house with rectangular dimensions. In it, for example, you can combine a dressing room with a bedroom. This will create additional convenience for users.
Many developers prefer two-story houses despite the significant cost of their construction. They are considered suitable for permanent residence if the height of the floors is more than 2.5 m. The measurement is made from the level of the finished floor to the ceiling.
Take out to the second floor:
If the area is small, then several rooms can be combined. Otherwise, it is better to install internal partitions, based on the purpose of the functional areas. The picture below shows an example of combining two rooms with different functional purposes:
