Equity participation in construction in a year. Why the new law on shared construction threatens to collapse the housing market. building requirements

Innovations in shared construction have become one of the central topics of discussion at round tables and conferences on construction that took place during.

Bankruptcy for the ruble

For the third month now, developers have been digesting changes to 214-FZ, which are capable of a strong building universe. The package is so extensive that lawyers are still analyzing the consequences of applying the new rules in practice. Their grades are impressive.

Thus, Fedor Tsurinov, Vice President for Legal Affairs of the YIT Group of Companies, points out that a number of norms can put any developer outside the law and lead to the collapse of the project, and for absolutely formal reasons.

Laws and consequencesAn extensive package of amendments to 214-FZ revived the forgotten genre of "Yaroslavna's lament". It is actively used by developers. >> One of the new requirements is the complete absence of any tax debt from the developer: it must be equal to zero during the entire period of building a house. Even if there is an arrears in the amount of one ruble (for example, in the event of a technical failure in the database of the Federal Tax Service), according to the new letter of the law, the developer is recognized as not complying with the requirements of the law (clause 7 of part 2 of article 3 214-FZ).

Further, the situation will develop as follows. The supervising body (in St. Petersburg - the construction committee) is obliged under the new law to notify Rosreestr within one working day. This department will automatically stop registering new DDUs and will notify all already registered equity holders that their developer has lost the right to raise funds. In this case, equity holders have the right to terminate the DDU and demand their money back with interest.

“Can you imagine the reaction of a shareholder who receives such a notification from Rosreestr itself? He immediately runs to the developer to pull out his money. This means only one thing: the bankruptcy of the company and the collapse of the project from scratch. Here is just one example of how this law is written,” the expert says.

However, in new version a plus for the developer was also revealed: the number of redundant requirements for project declarations has significantly decreased. Now there is no need to describe in detail each apartment in the future building, engineering elements and other positions that have turned the project declaration into a multi-page volume.

“It will be easier for the developer to compose it, and the consumer will be able to understand it. But this is the only positive moment that we managed to find in 218-FZ,” says Fedor Tsurinov.

What will be fixed

The main fights for the share are ahead. Behind-the-scenes discussions have been going on for a long time, and the first official discussions of possible adjustments will take place in mid-October, as part of working group at the Federation Council. Recall that the Ministry of Construction has already agreed to listen to the builders and, however, while we are talking about technical changes.

The main intrigue of the upcoming discussions is to what extent the legislator is ready to hear and share the lament of builders

As noted by the chairman of the council of the Interregional Association of Special Construction Organizations, professor at the RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation Mikhail Viktorov, so far the authors of 218-FZ have recognized the fallacy of only one norm - "one developer - one building permit."

“This is a very controversial norm, since in principle the law is aimed at a certain centralization in construction. After July 1, there will be no small and medium-sized companies on the market: many developers in the regions are now revising their strategies up to closing their business. At the same time, a huge chance is given to large technology companies. But at the same time, the law forces them to be divided into tens, if not hundreds. legal entities”, explains Mikhail Viktorov.

According to him, the controversial provision will be corrected in relation to the elements of the planning structure. That is, one developer may be allowed to obtain several building permits, at least within one block, as part of a site planning project. Among other things, this will make it possible to spend the money of equity holders on the construction of infrastructure outside of one site.

As for other controversial provisions - it is not clear. Although many financial requirements destroy the existing structure of the developer's costs and significantly increase them. For example, it is not known what to do with the costs of purchasing land, surveying, designing, engineering, etc. - developers have been deprived of the opportunity to compensate for these works at the expense of equity holders. At the same time, the costs of builders in the regions for the “packing” of the site are quite significant and vary greatly. According to Mikhail Viktorov, Kaliningrad developers spend up to 8-9% of their total cost project, and in the Moscow region - up to 30%.

Many restrictions of market participants enter into a stupor. Such is the obligation to put on bank deposit 10% own funds. “It is not clear whether this is a one-time demonstration of financial capabilities and then the money can be spent on the project, or this deposit is irreducible. There are still no exact explanations on this matter,” Mikhail Viktorov notes.

How much are guarantees

As Oleg Ostrovsky, Deputy Chairman of the Real Estate Commission of the Society of Consumers of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region, emphasizes, in addition to the existing controllers on construction market there are two new ones. These are the banks that will monitor the targeted spending of equity funds, and compensation fund, which, along with broad financial powers, will be able to control the construction of facilities and finance, if necessary, their completion. “It will benefit the investors. The compensation fund is a more serious protection for equity holders than insurance civil liability", he is sure.

True, in relation to the new structure, which will begin to collect funds from developers almost from November, there are still many questions and doubts. Oleg Britov, executive director of the Union of Construction Associations and Organizations of St. Petersburg, is sure that the foundation cannot do without the creation of regional branches. “With one current account in Moscow, the fund will not be able to fully work. In addition, it is necessary to create underwriting departments - without this, the risks of all fund participants increase significantly,” he says.

“Taking into account the fact that 300,000 construction companies, the launch of the underwriting mechanism - risk assessment - is too expensive. According to my forecasts, next year the amount of deductions to the fund will be set at 3%. In the most pessimistic scenario, experts call a figure of 6-7%. This is already the level of bank guarantees, bank guardianship,” says Alexander Artamonov, General Director of IC Respekt.

Recall that the amount of developers' contributions to the fund is still set at 1.2% of the price of each contract. equity participation. The authorities promise to change this rate no more than once a year.

There is also an alternative mechanism in the law.

“Escrow accounts are the future of the primary market in terms of progressiveness and security of transactions,” says the head of the center mortgage lending branch of VTB 24 in St. Petersburg Tatyana Khobotova.

According to her, the equity holder's money in escrow accounts will be protected even if the bank's license is revoked. Already in 2018, legislators will prescribe that the funds placed on escrow accounts will not be included in the bankruptcy estate during the reorganization of the bank in the event of its bankruptcy. And the equity holder will be able to receive his money in full, and not 1.4 million rubles. under ASV insurance.

However, from the escrow scheme, which means the complete transition of the project to borrowed money, the developers are still denying it. Vladimir Gribkov, project manager at Nord West Development, presented calculations of how the financing structure of the same investment project changes under different schemes, including project finance using escrow accounts.

“With project financing at a rate of 15%, the developer's profit is reduced tenfold. And in order to get the same profitability of the project as when using the funds of equity holders, interest rates on loans should be at the level of 4.5-4.7%. Or you need to raise the selling price of housing by at least 15%,” says Vladimir Gribkov.

Some experts are confident that under the new conditions, banks will be able to significantly expand their presence in the construction market, since it will be more profitable for developers to include them in their shareholders - in this case, project financing will cost several times cheaper.

Or maybe without a share?

It is interesting that at the last forum there were many statements about the dangers of dolevka.

“Every year, changes and amendments are made to 214-FZ. But you can’t endlessly improve something that doesn’t work from the very beginning. Selling an apartment in a house under construction is the smile of a Cheshire cat,” says Sergey Maksimov, head of the real estate management department at St. Petersburg State University of Economics.

It is mainly officials who are resolutely disposed, who are faced with the task of stopping the wave of problematic objects that is growing during the crisis. Alexander Sidyakin, First Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Housing Policy and Housing and Public Utilities, said that these amendments were “suffered through” - there are already 1,200 feared objects in the country, where 130,000 citizens have purchased housing.

And the authorities of the Leningrad region do offer to abandon shared construction. The vice-governor of the 47th region, Mikhail Moskvin, at the opening of the All-Russian Housing Congress, called on developers to announce the conditions under which developers will be able to sell apartments only in finished houses, as well as the support measures necessary for this from the authorities of the Leningrad region.

Apparently, the regional officials did not wait for a response to this call. And the other day they came up with the initiative to introduce 214-FZ into the already swollen from adjustments. Along with measures to more effectively solve the problems of unfinished construction (new criteria for problematic objects, an accelerated bankruptcy procedure that the authorities themselves can launch, etc.), officials want to offer the market a new controller - already in the form of state-owned banks. Those will have to not only monitor the expenditure of equity holders, but also exercise full control over the progress of construction.

As practice shows, 214-FZ will withstand more than one correspondence. But too often, developers began to hint that maybe they really would be better off without funds from equity holders.

Text: Alexander Smirnov Photo: Alexey Alexandronok

Informational portal " Single register developers" on its website posted a publication that lists the provisions of 214-FZ1 adopted by the legislator, other federal laws regarding shared construction, which did not enter into force as of the publication date, as well as the provisions of draft law No. 322981-7, aimed at fulfilling the instructions of the President Russian Federation of Vladimir Putin dated November 5, 2017 on reforming the financing system housing construction.

I. PROVISIONS 304-FZ

Topic 1. Method of sending the project declaration to the regulatory authority
The essence of the norm:
The developer is obliged to send the project declaration to the regulatory authority by filling out the electronic form of the project declaration on the website determined by the Ministry of Construction of Russia (part 2 of article 19 214-FZ).
Changes to the project declaration are sent by the developer to the regulatory authority by filling out the electronic form of the project declaration with the changes made on the website determined by the Ministry of Construction of Russia (part 6 of article 19 214-FZ).
Effective date: defined by part 5 of article 6 304-FZ. It comes into force from the date of ensuring the technical possibility of filling out the electronic form of the project declaration on the website determined by the Ministry of Construction of Russia.
Comment
The developer's obligation to use the electronic form of the project declaration to send it to the regulatory authority arises after two conditions are met in aggregate:
1) The Ministry of Construction of Russia should issue a regulatory legal act, which determines the site on which the developer is required to fill out the electronic form of the project declaration for its submission to the regulatory authority (part 2 of article 19 214-FZ);
2) The Ministry of Construction of Russia or the owner of the relevant website must notify the developers and regulatory authorities of the date of the technical possibility of sending the project declaration to the regulatory authority by filling out an electronic form (part 5 of article 6 304-FZ).
It should be noted that the technical capability should ensure the development of three scenarios:
1) primary direction of the project declaration;
2) sending changes to the project declaration, initially filled out in the form established by the order of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated December 20, 2016 No. 996 / pr “On approval of the design declaration form”;
3) sending changes to the project declaration, initially filled in in any form, i.e. completed and published before the requirements for the form of the project declaration are established.
Consequences of non-compliance
Project declarations submitted to the supervisory authority in paper form after it becomes technically possible to send the project declaration to the supervisory authority by filling out an electronic form will not be considered as submitted to the supervisory authority. According to such project declarations, the supervisory authority will not issue an opinion.

Topic 2. Requirements for persons involved in the management of the developer
The essence of the norm:
Supervisor, Chief Accountant, candidates for the specified positions, beneficiaries cannot:
have certain types of criminal record (paragraph 1 of part 3 of article 3.2 of 214-FZ);
have an unexpired term of administrative punishment in the form of disqualification (clause 2 of part 3 of article 3.2 of 214-FZ);
be earlier (less than three years ago) brought to subsidiary liability for the obligations of a legal entity (clause 3 of part 3 of article 3.2 of 214-FZ);
perform earlier (less than three years ago) the functions of the sole executive body of a legal entity declared insolvent (bankrupt) (paragraph 4 of part 3 of article 3.2 of 214-FZ);
be previously (less than three years ago) the beneficiary of a legal entity declared insolvent (bankrupt) (paragraph 5 of part 3 of article 3.2 of 214-FZ).
Effective date

Comment
The developer is obliged to notify the supervisory authority about the compliance of the beneficiaries of the developer with the requirements for them when sending the project declaration (part 2 of article 19 214-FZ).
The developer is obliged to indicate the compliance of the head of the developer, the chief accountant and beneficiaries with the requirements for them in the project declaration if the project declaration is filled out in relation to the object, the construction permit for which was issued on July 1, 2018 and later (clause 8 of part 2 of article 3, clause 7 of part 1 article 20 214-FZ, part 3 article 25 218-FZ).

In accordance with paragraph 8 of part 2 of article 3 of 214-FZ, the non-compliance of the specified persons of the developer with the requirements for them means that the developer does not have the right to raise funds from equity holders. However, this provision, in accordance with part 3 of article 25 of 218-FZ, does not apply if a building permit was received before July 1, 2018.
Topic 3. The obligation of the developer to notify the supervisory authority of changes in the composition of persons involved in the management of the developer's activities
The essence of the norm:
The developer is obliged to notify the supervisory authority no later than 3 working days (part 2 of article 3.2 of 214-FZ):
on the termination of powers of the head of the developer;
on the election (appointment) of a new head of the developer;
on the formation of a temporary sole executive body.
Simultaneously with the notification, the developer is obliged to submit to the regulatory authority information on the compliance of these persons with the requirements of Part 3 of Article 3.2 of 214-FZ.
Effective date: defined by part 4 of article 25 218-FZ.

Consequences of non-compliance
Not installed.
Part 3 of Article 14.28 of the Code of Administrative Offenses provides for the administrative responsibility of the developer for the developer's failure to submit reports to the supervisory authority. Notifications are not a type of reporting.

Topic 4. Obligation of developers to place information in the Unified information system housing construction (EHIS)
The essence of the norm:
Developers are required to post in the UIIHS the same information that they are required to post on their official website (part 4 of article 23.3 214-FZ):
audit report for the last year of implementation by the developer entrepreneurial activity(clause 2 of part 2 of article 3.1 of 214-FZ);
permits for the commissioning of facilities capital construction issued to the developer in relation to capital construction projects, in the construction of which the developer took part during the three years preceding the publication of the project declaration (paragraph 1 of part 2 of article 3.1 of 214-FZ);
information about apartment buildings and (or) other real estate objects, the construction (creation) of which is carried out by the developer with the involvement of funds from participants in shared construction:
1) building permit (paragraph 2 of part 2 of article 3.1 of 214-FZ);
2) the conclusion of the examination of project documentation, if such an examination is established by federal law (paragraph 2 of part 2 of article 3.1 of 214-FZ);
3) documents confirming the rights of the developer to the land plot (clause 2 of part 2 of article 3.1 of 214-FZ);
4) project declaration (clause 3 of part 2 of article 3.1 of 214-FZ);
5) the conclusion of the regulatory body on the compliance of the developer and the project declaration with the requirements established by part 2 of article 3, articles 20 and 21 of 214-FZ (clause 4 of part 2 of article 3.1 of 214-FZ);
6) information on the payment by the developer of mandatory deductions (contributions) to the compensation fund, if such deductions were made (paragraph 6 of part 2 of article 3.1 of 214-FZ);
7) information about the terms of engagement Money participants in shared construction under an agreement on participation in shared construction in accordance with the requirements of Articles 15.4 and 15.5 federal law N 214-FZ, if the developer has chosen the method of raising funds from participants in shared construction - an escrow account (clause 6 of part 2 of article 3.1 of 214-FZ);
8) drafts (draft) of agreements for participation in shared construction used by the developer to attract funds from participants in shared construction for the construction (creation) of an apartment building and (or) other real estate objects (clause 5 of part 2 of article 3.1 of 214-FZ);
9) guarantee agreements with the developer concluded by the developer in accordance with Article 15.3 of Federal Law N 214-FZ, if such agreements are concluded (clause 7 of part 2 of article 3.1 of 214-FZ);
10) photographs of an apartment building and (or) other real estate object under construction (created) by the developer with the involvement of funds from participants in the shared construction of an apartment building and (or) other real estate, reflecting the current state of their construction (creation) (paragraph 8 of part 2 of article 3.1 214-FZ).
Effective date
Comment
The procedure, composition, methods, timing and frequency of posting information by developers in the unified information system for housing construction is determined by the Ministry of Construction of Russia (clause 3.3 of part 3 of article 23 214-FZ).
Consequences of non-compliance
For failure to fulfill this obligation, the developer may be held administratively liable:
under article 14.8 of the Code of Administrative Offenses for violation of the consumer's right to receive the necessary and reliable information about the goods (work, service) being sold, about the manufacturer, about the seller, about the contractor and about their mode of operation;
under article 14.28 of the Code of Administrative Offenses for the provision by the developer of incomplete and (or) inaccurate information, the publication, placement or provision of which is provided for by the legislation on participation in shared construction apartment buildings and (or) other real estate objects, as well as violation of the terms of publication and (or) placement of the project declaration or changes made to it.

Topic 5. Obligation of regulatory authorities to post information in UIIHS
The essence of the norm:
Supervisory authorities are required to post in the UIIHS information about (part 5 of article 23.3 214-FZ):
persons of the controlling body authorized to exercise control;
issued conclusions on compliance, or a reasoned refusal to issue such conclusions;
conducted inspections of the developer's activities;
instructions to the builder;
resolutions that have entered into force on bringing the developer and its officials to administrative responsibility.
Effective date: defined by part 6 of article 25 218-FZ.
Consequences of non-compliance
Not installed
Topic 6. Bankruptcy of the developer(changes made to 127-FZ)
The essence of the rules:
additional requirements for bankruptcy trustees (parts 2.1-2.3, 2.5 of article 201.1 127-FZ);
the obligation of the developer to inform shareholders in writing about bankruptcy when (part 7 of article 201.1 127-FZ):
1) the conclusion of the DDU;
2) acceptance of funds under previously concluded DDU;
inclusion in the register of creditors' claims is carried out by the bankruptcy trustee (until 01/01/2018 - Court of Arbitration) (Article 201.4 127-FZ);
prohibition on termination of the lease agreement by the landlord land plot with the developer (part 1 of article 201.3 127-FZ);
priority to the equity holder under 214-FZ, if there are claims of several equity holders in respect of one residential building (part 8.1 of article 201.11 of 127-FZ);
the possibility of holding a meeting of shareholders in the form of absentee voting - if there are more than 500 of them (Article 201.12 127-FZ);
a ban on the inclusion of legal entities in the register of requirements for the transfer of residential premises (part 1 of article 201.12-1 127-FZ);
prohibition of the use of procedures "observation", "financial recovery" (part 2.7 of article 201.1 127-FZ);
regulation of the Fund's issues:
1) the Fund that made the payment is transferred the right to claim under the DDU (part 6 of article 201.12-1 127-FZ);
2) contestation by the Fund of transactions of the developer who made contributions to the Fund (part 3.1 of article 201.1 of 127-FZ);
3) the possibility of the Fund initiating the bankruptcy procedure of the developer who made contributions to the Fund (part 2.6 of article 201.1 127-FZ).
issues of repaying the claims of equity holders by transferring the rights of the developer to the object of construction in progress and the land plot to the created housing cooperative (part 3 of article 201.12-1 127-FZ).
Effective date: defined by part 2 of article 25 218-FZ. In accordance with Part 13 of Article 25 of 218-FZ, the new provisions of 127-FZ apply to developer bankruptcy cases initiated after January 1, 2018

Topic 7. Additional features of the concept of "developer"
The essence of the norm:
Additional features of the concept of "developer" are introduced, including requirements for experience in the construction of apartment buildings, the name of the organization, and the legal form (clause 1 of article 2 214-FZ).

Effective date: defined by part 3 of article 25 218-FZ.
Consequences of non-compliance
Not installed.
The law does not contain provisions stating that in case of violation of these requirements, the supervisory authority refuses to issue a conclusion on compliance to the developer (part 2.2 of Article 19 214-FZ), or that the developer who violates these requirements does not have the right to raise funds from participants in shared construction ( article 3 214-FZ). At the same time, according to the first paragraph of part 2 of article 3 214-FZ, the developer has the right to raise funds from participants in shared construction for the construction (creation) of an apartment building on the basis of an agreement on participation in shared construction. An organization that does not meet these requirements is not a developer. Based on the totality of the norms, it can be concluded that an organization that does not meet the specified requirements is not entitled to raise funds from participants in shared construction.
Topic 8. Additional requirements that developers must fulfill in order to acquire the right to raise funds from participants in shared construction
The essence of the rules:
Requirements are set:
one developer - one building permit (part 1.1 of article 3 of 214-FZ);
the presence of a positive conclusion of the examination of project documentation (paragraph 1 of part 2 of article 3 214-FZ);
to the amount of own funds instead of the requirements for the authorized capital (clause 1.1 of part 2 of article 3 214-FZ);
to minimum size cash on the current account (clause 1.2 of part 2 of article 3 214-FZ);
to maximum size obligations of the developer, not related to the building permit (clause 1.5 of part 2 of article 3 214-FZ).
Prohibitions are introduced:
for the presence of tax arrears in any amount (clause 7 of part 2 of article 3 214-FZ);
for the presence of obligations on loans, loans, loans, with the exception of targeted loans for construction (clause 1.3 of part 2 of article 3 214-FZ);
to issue bonds and other valuable papers, except for shares (clause 1.4 of part 2 of article 3 214-FZ);
for the presence of obligations to ensure the fulfillment of obligations of third parties, as well as their own obligations not related to construction (clauses 1.6, 1.7 of part 2 of article 3 214-FZ)
The scope of the requirements is expanding in case of attracting funds from participants in shared construction - legal entities.

Comment
The requirement that in all cases a positive conclusion of the examination of project documentation be in conflict with the norms of part 2 of article 49 Urban Planning Code, defining cases when the examination of project documentation is not carried out. Clarification is awaited on this matter.

Consequences of non-compliance
Failure to comply with these requirements is the basis for refusing to issue the conclusion of the regulatory authority (part 2.2 of article 19 214-FZ), with the exception of the requirement "one developer - one construction permit". Violation of this requirement is not among the grounds for refusing to issue a conclusion of the supervisory authority.
Developers that do not meet any of these requirements are not entitled to raise funds from citizens participating in shared construction for the construction (creation) of apartment buildings (parts 1.1 and 2.2 of Article 3 214-FZ).
The establishment by the supervisory authority of the fact that the developer does not comply with the specified requirements, with the exception of the requirement “one developer - one construction permit”, entails the obligation of the supervisory authority to send a notification to Rosreestr that the developer does not have the right to raise funds from citizens participating in shared construction (part 2.5 of article 3 214- FZ). Upon receipt of the notification, the Rosreestr is obliged to suspend the registration of the DDU (paragraph 55 of part 1 of article 26 of the Federal Law of July 13, 2015 No. 218-FZ "On state registration real estate”) and notify all participants in shared construction that the developer is deprived of the right to raise funds from citizens (part 7 of Article 48 of the Federal Law of July 13, 2015 No. 218-FZ “On State Registration of Real Estate”).
For illegal attraction of funds from citizens in violation of the legislation on shared construction, criminal liability is provided in accordance with Article 200.3 of the Criminal Code Russian Federation.
Topic 9. Changes in the area of ​​targeted use of equity holders' funds
The essence of the rules:
Installed limit dimensions:
administrative expenses8 of the developer (clause 20 of part 1 of article 18 214-FZ);
advance payments (part 4 of article 18 214-FZ);
There is a ban on:
implementation of other types of activities (part 6 of article 18 214-FZ);
attracting credits, loans, loans, except for targeted loans for construction (paragraph 1 of part 7 of article 18 214-FZ);
issue of securities, except for shares (clause 4 of part 7 of article 18 214-FZ);
purchase of securities (clause 6 of part 7 of article 18 214-FZ);
making transactions not related to construction (clause 8 of part 7 of article 18 214-FZ);
creation of legal entities, participation in the authorized capital of business entities (clause 7 of part 7 of article 18 214-FZ);
participation in the property of commercial and non-profit organizations(clause 7 of part 7 of article 18 214-FZ).

Spending funds of equity holders:
it is prohibited to reimburse costs for (part 1 of article 18 214-FZ):

2) design;
3) engineering surveys;
4) expertise;
allowed for:
1) payment for the services of an authorized bank (clause 13 of part 1 of article 18 214-FZ);
2) payment of taxes, including fines, penalties, administrative fines(clause 14 of part 1 of article 18 214-FZ);
3) payment of mandatory deductions (contributions) to the compensation fund (clause 15 of part 1 of article 18 214-FZ);
4) return to the participant in shared construction of funds, interest on this amount (clause 16 of part 1 of article 18 214-FZ);
5) wages (clause 17 of part 1 of article 18 214-FZ);
6) payment for the services of an organization that performs the functions of the executive body of the developer (clause 18 of part 1 of article 18 214-FZ);
7) cash payments related to the provision of guarantees and compensations to employees (clause 19 of part 1 of article 18 214-FZ);
8) payment of administrative expenses (clause 20 of part 1 of article 18 214-FZ).
The boiler principle of using funds from equity holders in the construction of several facilities is permitted only within the framework of one construction permit instead of the boundaries of an element of the planning structure of a quarter, microdistrict (paragraph 1 of part 1 of article 18 214-FZ).

Consequences of non-compliance
Special administrative and (or) criminal liability for violation of the norms on the targeted use of equity holders' funds has not been established.
Transactions made in violation of the requirement for the intended use of equity holders' funds may be declared invalid on claims (Part 9 of Article 18 214-FZ):
1) developer;
2) the founders of the developer;
3) creditors of the developer;
4) the controlling body;
5) a fund for the protection of equity holders.
Introduced bank control. When unearmarked payments are detected authorized bank informs the supervisory authority and the Fund for the Protection of Shareholders about this (part 3 of article 18.2 214-FZ).
Topic 10. Banking support
The essence of the rules:
The concept of "authorized bank" is introduced - a bank that meets the criteria, established by the Government Russian Federation. The Bank of Russia publishes a list of authorized banks on a monthly basis on its official website on the Internet information and telecommunication network (Item 3 of Article 2 214-FZ).
The accounts of the developer, technical customer and general contractor must be opened in one authorized bank (part 2.3 of article 3 of 214-FZ).
The developer is prohibited from having more than one current account (part 2.3 of article 3 214-FZ).
For each payment by the developer, special banking control is carried out (part 2 of article 18.2 214-FZ).
The developer can use the balance of funds after the completion of the project at its own discretion only after the fulfillment of obligations to transfer apartments to all participants in shared construction (part 8 of article 18 214-FZ).

Consequences of non-compliance
Special administrative and (or) criminal liability for violation of the norms on the number and location of the developer's accounts has not been established. It is assumed that the authorized bank will take some measures when it detects payments to the general contractor or technical customer to an account with another bank. However, the law does not contain provisions obliging the bank to refuse to make payments to such accounts or to notify the regulatory authorities and the Shareholder Protection Fund of such cases.
It is assumed that banks that do not have the status of "authorized bank" will not open accounts for an organization if the words "specialized developer" are used in its name. However, the law does not contain a direct prohibition for such banks to open accounts for specialized developers.
The law does not contain the obligation of an authorized bank to refuse a developer to make a payment if supporting documents are not submitted, or the payment does not comply with the established restrictions on the intended use.
Topic 11
The essence of the rules:
The developer is obliged to post annual accounting (financial) statements and interim accounting (financial) statements on the website (clause 7 of part 2 of article 3.1 of 214-FZ).
The developer is obliged to post the same information in the UIIHS (part 4 of article 23.3 214-FZ).
Consequences of non-compliance
Indicated in topic number 4.
Topic 12. Obligations of the developer to place additional information in the project declaration
The essence of the rules:
In the project declaration, the developer must additionally indicate:
information on the construction projects of the main and subsidiary companies put into operation during the previous three years (clause 4 of part 1 of article 20 214-FZ);
information on the compliance of persons participating in the management of the developer with the established requirements (clause 7 of part 1 of article 20 214-FZ).

Comparison of the current situation in the real estate market with the crisis of 2014-2015, when, after the decline in oil prices, the cost of new buildings stopped growing, and in real terms began to decline altogether, is absolutely inappropriate. That's what the chief of staff thinks. National Association housing developers (NOZA) Kirill KHOLOPIK (pictured). And proves it.

After the decline in oil prices on March 10, 2020 and the subsequent growth of the dollar from 64 to 80 rubles. many analysts began to predict a decline in prices for new buildings, drawing an analogy with the situation after the collapse in oil prices in 2014. Such an analogy is completely inappropriate and even incompetent. I explain why.

Prices for any goods, including apartments in new buildings, rise or fall under the influence of supply and demand. If, under the influence of unforeseen factors, demand for housing in apartment buildings significantly exceeds supply, prices rise, because with an average house construction cycle of 2-2.5 years, developers cannot ensure that the required volume of housing is quickly brought to market. On the contrary, if demand drops sharply, developers have to sell apartments at a discount - their business model does not allow them to keep housing on the balance sheet until demand picks up and prices rise again.

To better understand why six years ago, after the fall in oil prices, the value of real estate in real terms began to sag and why this will not happen after the current oil collapse, I propose to compare the conditions on the market then and now.

The growth of the real estate market and the fall in oil prices in 2014

By 2014, in a favorable macroeconomic situation, against the backdrop of the development of mortgages, rising wages and, as a result, increased housing affordability, developers significantly increased construction volumes. In 2012, 440 thousand apartments were sold under participation agreements in shared construction, 541 thousand in 2013, and 763 thousand in 2014 (+73% over two years). This record has not been broken so far: in 2018, sales under the DDU amounted to 710 thousand, and in 2019 - 697 thousand.

However, in late 2014 - early 2015, the price of oil fell from $110 per barrel, first to $70, and then to $55 per barrel. In parallel, the dollar rose from 34 to 70 rubles. Devaluation national currency and lower wages could not but affect the purchasing power of the population. Effective demand shrank, and developers could no longer raise housing prices. Prices settled at the equilibrium level, gradually declining in real terms.

At that moment, the panic in the real estate market was avoided largely thanks to competent monetary policy the Bank of Russia, which in December 2014 raised the key rate to 17% to curb inflation, and also set a hard “ budget rule". It is thanks to this that Russia now has a multi-trillion dollar "pot" both for the fulfillment of social obligations and for the implementation of additional subsidy programs, if necessary.

In the period after the crisis of 2014, the issuance of mortgages for new buildings was supported by a special Government program subsidizing rates at 12%, launched in March 2015. During its operation until December 2016, 514 thousand loans were issued for 929 billion rubles, which accounted for about 37% of all mortgage loans issued during this period. Almost a third of the volume of housing (25.7 million square meters) sold on the primary market during this time was purchased under the program. It turned out to be extremely effective: every ruble budget funds involved in housing construction 100 rubles. off-budget investments, of which 37 rubles. came at the expense of the population. This supported both demand from citizens and developers.

The result of the crisis was the recovery of the industry: about 600 developers went bankrupt - mainly those players who initially launched insufficiently high-quality projects with an uncalculated economy. At the same time, the appearance of a large-scale problem of “deceived equity holders”, the solution of which is a priority for today, was partly a kind of payment for this recovery.

New rise in the real estate market and a new oil peak

In 2017, the growth of nominal housing prices resumed, as they came close to the cost price and began to grow along with inflation and the beginning growth of wages. According to Rosstat, in 2019 nominal prices grew by 8.0% (+4.8% adjusted for inflation).

Given their decline in real terms in 2015-2017 by about 13%, the current recovery growth is positive news. This increases the investment attractiveness of the real estate market for developers. It should be noted that in the fourth quarter of 2019, house prices in real terms were still 25% below the level of early 2013 - while the cumulative growth real wages amounted to 21%, and taking into account the reduction in mortgage rates from 12.5% ​​to 8.7%, the affordability of housing for the population increased from about 37% to 47%.

Change in prices for new buildings in Russia in 2013-2019 (in % to 2012)

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Source: Rosstat

Did not prevent the recovery of the housing market, contrary to the forecasts of many skeptics, and a large-scale reform of the industry, carried out last year. From July 1, 2019, there was a transition to new model housing finance, which involves the use of escrow accounts. Citizens participating in shared construction received a full guarantee of the safety of their funds. According to the VTsIOM poll, more than 80% of respondents positively assess the reform. The share of families ready to purchase housing at the construction stage has increased by a third, and the share of families ready to purchase an apartment at an early stage of construction (preparation construction site, earthworks and foundation works), - more than twice. It can be stated that the transition was successful. At the end of 2019, housing commissioning increased by 6% and amounted to 80.3 million square meters. m - positive dynamics was recorded for the first time since 2015. At the same time, until the industry adapts to the new scheme, the entry of new projects to the market has somewhat slowed down.

The fall in oil prices on March 10, 2020 will not lead to market stagnation. First, unlike the situation six years ago, the volume of supply does not exceed the possibility of demand: as of March 18, according to the resource our.dom.rf, there were 100.6 million square meters in construction. m of housing. This year, the same volume of housing is expected to be commissioned as in 2019. By adapting to new housing finance rules in the face of record low mortgage rates, developers may be able to delay housing commissioning, which gives them the opportunity to wait out market turbulence and not sell housing in new projects at a loss.

Secondly, there will be no sharp contraction of effective demand this time. It is unlikely that the Central The bank will go to a sharp increase in rates, like last time. In a March 13 press release, his press service said that the current weakening of the ruble "is a significant, but short-term pro-inflationary factor" - and, on the contrary, there are significant medium-term disinflationary factors. An increase in the key rate is possible by a small amount and for a short time, which means that mortgages will remain available.

Moreover, new mechanisms for the payment of maternity capital will soon come into operation, providing for a significant increase in the amounts of such payments. A significant amount of these amounts will pour into the market for new buildings, which will spur demand. A positive impact on demand is also exerted by several current mortgage programs with government support. As part of the Family Mortgage, families with two or more children receive loans for new buildings at a rate of 6% or less - in January 2020, more than 30% of all mortgages in the primary market were issued under the program. Since December 2019, the Far Eastern Mortgage program has been launched, allowing young families or owners of a Far Eastern hectare to take out a loan at 2%. In February, under this program, 3.4 thousand loans were issued in the amount of about 11.7 billion rubles. The program of payments of 450 thousand rubles is successfully working. families with many children to pay part of mortgage loan, which is operated by DOM.RF: about 40 thousand applications have already been approved, the amount payable is more than 17 billion rubles.

All these state support measures do not depend on fluctuations in the market and will be implemented in full. Therefore, we can say with confidence that sales of new buildings will not only not decrease, but most likely will grow in the near future. By 2021-2022, this will lead to a significant increase in construction projects.

But be that as it may, the housing market is not expected to stagnate in the future. Given the fact that mortgage rates are now at historical lows, if you have found a suitable apartment - feel free to decide to buy. Housing is too important an asset to be dependent on short-term economic conditions. With a decrease in mortgage rates, the loan can always be refinanced.

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What awaits developers and equity holders in 2018, how will the transition to project financing take place, and how much will housing become more expensive for a buyer with changes in legislation? This was discussed by the participants of the conference, organized by "Pravo.ru".

Shared construction created obstacles

Today, most of the housing is being built at the expense of citizens-shareholders who buy premises at the stage when the house is not completed. The difference in price is significant: if we compare the purchase of an apartment in a building at the stage of excavation and the purchase of finished housing, it can reach up to 40%. It is not surprising that equity participation is one of the most demanded mechanisms for housing construction. In 98% of cases, the situation with him is good, he says, however, those 2-3% of equity holders, and in 2017 it is 122,000 people who do not receive their objects on time, create a significant problem for the regulator and the market.

In early November, President Vladimir Putin set aside three years for a complete rejection of equity construction. Citizens' funds during construction plan to replace bank lending. In the meantime, within the framework of this order, they are tightening the legislation on shared construction in order to eventually completely get away from this institution.

The tightening is taking place within the framework of changes in the 214-FZ, which are supposed to protect the rights of citizens and have already managed to excite the developer market. The latter complain that the changes significantly complicate the work of some developers and make it virtually impossible for others - especially smaller regional companies.

Popov listed the most significant changes for developers. Among them is the rule "1 house - 1 developer", under which the organization will not be able to have many investment contracts for the development of a number of houses. So far, within the framework of such a plan, it is not clear who will build the infrastructure if a number of houses in the microdistrict are being built by different developers, Popov noted. The amendments also introduce a "requirement for an ideal developer", which must be experienced and unencumbered by obligations, which is also problematic in practice. Any, even controversial, tax liability will actually put the developer outside the law. Money will be forbidden to attract otherwise than by loan agreement, and the built-up area must be at least 10,000 square meters, which may not be a problem for Moscow and the region, but in fact means a ban on work for small developers in the regions. It will also be impossible to dispose of money from construction until all obligations to equity holders are fulfilled. Do not forget that there are also warranty obligations, Popov recalled, and equity holders often delay the adoption of housing, which complicates the implementation of this item.

All this is unlikely to affect unscrupulous developers. If the goal is to deceive, then tightening will not allow this to be avoided. And for conscientious developers working with many large objects, these are additional costs, an administrative burden. In the end, all this will fall on the consumer.

Mikhail Popov, Director of the Property and Legal Department of Hals-Development PJSC

Nevertheless, the urgency of the changes is ripe, noted Alexey Piskunov, head of the Department for Support of Land Relations and Real Estate Operations at Howard Russia. For example, the rule "1 house - 1 developer" is due to the fact that in the current economic realities it is beneficial for the state to have large developers. If a company has a problem at a facility, it will not be able to solve it by raising money from other facilities. The authorities will also not be able to evade the decision by issuing permits for new facilities.

Nevertheless, one of the obvious disadvantages of the law will be that the pace of construction will decrease, and bank guarantees will fall on the shoulders of the equity holder, who will eventually pay the developer's load, that is, the cost of housing will inevitably increase. "The measures taken will definitely lead to a rise in the cost of projects, will force out small developers, especially in the regions - they do not build the required volumes," Piskunov admitted.

The issue could be resolved through liability insurance. However, as noted, it is doubtful that today in Russia there is a market of insurers that could cover the existing risks.

With the existing plan for the complete rejection of shared construction, one must take into account that a compromise is also possible, drew attention Andrey Kirsanov, Deputy CEO on legal matters CJSC "MR Group", and it is worth thinking about: after all, banks today finance only 0.6 billion rubles. with the necessary financing of 4.1 billion, and they, obviously, will not be able to compensate for the funds of equity holders in such a way as to maintain the pace of construction. So, there is shared construction in Germany - the possibility of a phased spending of funds from equity holders is provided there, Kirsanov said. He is sure that similar experience can be cited in Russia, and one of the proposals is project financing.

How project financing will work

Vladimir Gamza, Chairman of the RF Committee for financial markets and credit organizations of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation. The question of how the transition to project financing will be carried out in practice, for which the president set aside three years, was discussed last week during a meeting of the Minister of Construction and Housing and Utilities Mikhail Men with representatives of the Agency for Mortgage and Housing Lending, Sberbank, and the bank " Russian Capital", "Vnesheconombank". According to Vladimir Gamza, Vnesheconombank plans to launch the Project Finance Factory from the beginning of 2018. Projects worth from 3 billion rubles will be financed. Approval of 3,000 billion rubles of guarantees for the issue of bonds from the state has already been received. The most high-risk bonds will fall on the bank itself, medium-risk ones will go to state-owned banks, the lowest risk will go to other banks that want to participate in project financing through VEB.To implement the project, a Project Finance Society will be created in the bank. Oleg Ivanov, a lawyer who has been involved in the development of more than 40 industry bills, including legislation on syndicated lending, which gives a practical opportunity to implement such innovations.

at such an annual percentage, developers will receive funds from the bank under equity participation agreements. 2% go to operating expenses of banks, 1.5% - maintenance of the developer, 2.5% is a margin credit institution. Citizens will be able to place funds on escrow accounts free of charge.

Roscapital plans to start financing developers in a pilot mode from July 2018 through the entire set of project financing elements. Sberbank will not launch a pilot project yet, but from July 1 it plans to work "on request" - if developers want to implement the project using project financing and escrow accounts, the bank will provide such an opportunity, Gamza said. For the fact that banks will take risks, they expect to receive 6% per annum from developers who will receive funds under the DDU.

During the transition period, when both versions of the agreement will exist - both DDU and escrow accounts, less wealthy equity holders are more likely to give preference to the first option, which will turn out to be cheaper, Vladimir Gamza suggested.

The roadmap for the implementation of project financing will be approved during the 1st quarter of 2018, he added. At the same time, it is possible that in the future there may appear absolutely new law, which will regulate project financing, - it will contain both general terms and Conditions, and norms for project financing in various industries.

Bankrupt in a new way

From January 1, 2018, new rules for the bankruptcy of developers come into force. According to them, procedures for monitoring and financial recovery will be excluded, and bankruptcy proceedings and external management will remain. The state is seriously interested in the bankruptcy of developers: the figures show that development is going through difficult times. In the Moscow Region alone, about 10 bankruptcy procedures will be introduced in the new year, and there may be additional ones, said Stanislav Kozhevnikov, head of the department for legal support of the implementation of control functions in the field of shared construction of the Legal Department of the Ministry building complex Moscow region .

He called on those who are interested in the topic to actively participate in the working groups and look for ways out of problematic situations in order to more effectively resolve the existing difficulties.

Ivan Korshunov, lawyer KA "Kovalev, Tugushi and Partners", drew attention to the fact that in case of bankruptcy of developers, the most vulnerable category of owners is the owners non-residential premises including apartments. It remains to be hoped that in the future their rights will be equated with the rights of owners of residential premises, Korshunov noted. In the meantime, it is difficult to determine where the law will go: in defense of the owners of non-residential premises or ignoring them in favor of those who bought residential premises.

We also discussed what to do with the right of pledge - the formation of a position in this area, in fact, is the responsibility of the courts, drew attention Magomed Gazdiev, partner, head of practice " Financial institutions» legal office.

Extremists among shareholders

Shareholders are not only deceived: the term "consumer terrorism" has become increasingly used in relation to participants in shared construction. Preferences that equity holders can use, and sometimes abuse, are spelled out in Law No. 214-FZ and the Law "On Protection of Consumer Rights", recalled Yulia Sorokina, partner of the international law group KDS Legal: including penalties for violation of the deadline for the transfer of the object and the deadline for eliminating shortcomings, and the unilateral refusal of the contract, and its termination in judicial order, and many other perks. Opportunities for abuse arise from the strictness of consumer protection law, the lack of punishment for abuse, and the emergence of intermediaries who are willing to help the consumer assert their rights.

RUB 2,442,691,924

collected from developers in the SOY in the 1st half of 2017 as part of disputes over non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of obligations to equity holders.

According to the statistics of the Judicial Department, only in the 1st half of 2017, the courts of general jurisdiction received 13,195 cases on disputes related to equity holders, arbitrations considered another 1,167 cases over the same period. At the same time, 2 billion 443 million rubles were recovered in the SOY. - a solid amount for developers. In arbitration, this figure is several times lower - claims for only 3.3 million rubles were satisfied, while the declared 7.3 million rubles.

The main abuses of the right are statements of unreasonable amounts for collection or unreasonable claims for quality, unreasonable unilateral refusal to fulfill the contract.

Sorokina recommended how to protect yourself from "terrorists". So, it is possible to determine in advance the jurisdiction in the contract, indicate that the party to the contract is familiar with project documentation and declaration, determine the claim procedure for resolving the dispute, indicate the possibility of making changes to the project.

Nikita Rozhentsov, Senior Consultant, Legal Practice Department, spoke about how the cadastral value of land is contested in practice. He gave examples from judicial practice and statistics from January 1 to October 1, 2017. According to it, the vast majority of claims to challenge the cadastral value as justification contain the need to establish cadastral value object in its size market value- 92% of lawsuits, another 7% account for contesting the decision of the dispute resolution commission on the results of the cadastral valuation. 1% falls on the challenge due to inaccurate information and cadastral errors. As for the results of dispute resolution, about half of the claims are satisfied - 49%, 7% - are not satisfied. 44% of claims had not yet been considered at the time of receipt of statistics.

Despite the decline in the economy, the renovation of the housing stock in the capital is taking place with the same intensity as in pre-crisis times. Real estate continues to be a reliable way to diversify your investment portfolio and save financial assets. Modern architectural projects in terms of the quality of execution and thoughtfulness of the smallest details are significantly superior to the old-style housing stock. Therefore, new buildings in Moscow in 2018 attract the attention of customers, first of all, who value comfort.

Today, construction companies are gradually abandoning the previously popular infill development. The change in activity priorities has several reasons. First, the gradual increase in the well-being of the capital's residents naturally led to an increase in the requirements for the level of comfort and quality of life.

The era of tolerable living conditions for the inhabitants of the capital is far behind. Secondly, the economic viability large-scale projects significantly higher. Thirdly, today business tends not to sell goods or services, but to create brands, or, in other words, an attractive lifestyle. Modern construction companies are focused not so much on the construction of buildings, but on the implementation of projects that embody certain ideas. And, fourthly, it is often quite difficult to get permission for infill development today. First of all, this is associated with the difficulties of matching the interior design to the surrounding architectural landscape.

In addition, the events of recent days around the law on the renovation of the housing stock have become a clear signal from the government to change the policy in relation to urban development.

Thus, in recent years, large-scale development of residential areas, microdistricts and entire towns has become increasingly popular. In 2018, construction companies, taking into account the latest trends, continue to move in the designated direction.

The cost of housing in 2018

According to S&P forecasts, in 2018 house prices will grow more slowly than inflation, so in absolute terms house prices are expected to fall. This situation in the real estate market is associated with macroeconomic dynamics and the signing by Russian President Vladimir Putin of the decree "On measures to provide citizens of the Russian Federation with affordable and comfortable housing and improve the quality of housing and communal services." In particular, the government received an order to reduce the real cost of housing to 20% by increasing the share of economy-class housing being commissioned. In addition, Sberbank of Russia began issuing loans at a rate of 11.5-13% per annum until the end of February 2018.

Planned new buildings in Moscow in 2018

An analysis of recent architectural projects allows us to note the popularity of the following types of development:

• perimeter;
• group;
• lowercase;
• free;
• combined.

Perimeter buildings surround the space along the perimeter in whole or in part, forming an internal space, taking into account the requirements for lighting and ventilation rate.

Group development involves the placement of buildings in small groups, interconnected by a common internal space. In this case, it is possible to avoid the monotony of the architectural landscape. Line building forms orderly rows of buildings along narrow sections.

Free and combined types of development allow the use of different planning techniques in conditions of limited space, or the need to preserve buildings that have already been built.

Thus, in the process of construction of new buildings in 2018, a wide range of various planning decisions, which significantly increases the variety of offers on the housing market.

City within a city

Architectural projects of this type use large areas to isolate from obsolete housing infrastructure and organize the internal space according to certain ideas.

The Tushino airfield complex is located ten kilometers northwest of the city center on the banks of the Moskva River. The project is focused on clients for whom family and a healthy lifestyle have become the main values. An ecologically clean area with a developed recreational infrastructure is popular among buyers due to the presence of fitness centers, SPA-salons, swimming pools, sports complexes and a stadium. The developer claims that Finishing work are produced using the latest technologies to ensure the microclimate of the building, as well as heat saving. The inner space of the town is isolated by a green massif from traffic arteries. The price of apartments starts from 6.8 million rubles.

The territory of the complex occupies 0.14 sq. km, and is located on the Shelepikhinskaya embankment. The total area of ​​residential premises of the town is 63.5 hectares. The range of prices for apartments is in the range of 8–49 million rubles. Clients are offered 9 buildings with a height of 19 to 37 floors. First of all, the town attracts the attention of family people, since preschool and school institutions are being built here. For sports fans, there are areas under sports grounds, rollerdromes and cycle tracks. Restaurants, cafes and bars within walking distance will save time on trips.

The distinctive features of the complex are the severity and conciseness of the facades of buildings, as well as glazed loggias. The town has a transport and social infrastructure that fully meets the needs of residents. The close location of the Minsk and Borovsk highways allows using any type of transport. Three kilometers from the residential complex Vnukovo there is a suburban railway line. Within walking distance from the complex is a forest and Pykhtinsky pond. A pleasant surprise for potential buyers will be the presence of historically significant monuments nearby - the Church of Elijah the Prophet and the old estate of Baranovo-Akatovo. Among the shortcomings of Vnukovo, they note the congestion of transport routes, the lack of large shopping centers and remoteness from the center of Moscow.

Residential complexes

Among the new buildings in Moscow, the start of sale of which is scheduled for 2018, most often there are apartments in residential areas. It is much easier for an LCD to find a suitable territory than for a whole town. In addition, the implementation of such projects requires significantly less investment and the complexity of work associated with the development of the brand.

The residential complex owes its name to the former ZIL plant, on the territory of which a large park and a complex of buildings with apartments ranging from 34 to 136 square meters will appear. It is planned to build business centers and cultural institutions near kindergartens and schools. The layout of the apartments was carried out by world-famous architects, so the price of individual apartments reaches $ 900 thousand. Proximity to the embankment further increases the comfort of residents of the residential complex.

The complex consists of three monolithic buildings located in the Presnensky district of Moscow at the intersection of Presnensky Val and Khodynskaya streets. The area is known for its well-developed social infrastructure and proximity to the Garden Ring. Not far from the complex is a hippodrome, a zoo and parks. The cost of apartments in a residential complex ranging from 42 to 85 sq.m. is in the range from 8 to 22 million rubles.

In 2018, it is planned to commission a new building in the northern part of the city of Lyubertsy. 16 buildings with a height of 17 floors are presented to the attention of buyers. Apartments on the top floors are equipped with panoramic windows. In the entrances there are wheelchair areas and a concierge post. The buildings will be built using environmentally friendly and safe materials that resist aggressive substances and retain their original appearance for a long time.

The complex type of building creates a cozy space inside the yards. In the near future, it is planned to lay out a 60-hectare park and build all the necessary recreational infrastructure, including gyms, swimming pools, sports complexes and recreation areas. Already now, residents have the opportunity to visit the park with an area of ​​17 hectares with paths and places for recreation. The complex will be equipped with a developed transport infrastructure, and is located just three kilometers from the Moscow Ring Road. The nearest metro station can be reached by bus in 5 minutes.

The residential complex is located on the territory of the Graivoronovo industrial zone being reorganized. Monolithic buildings comfort class will have a height of up to 44 floors. The plans include the creation of a park area, recreation areas for young people, as well as the development of social infrastructure. The nearest metro station is located at a distance of just over one kilometer. In addition, the station of the Moscow Ring Road will be located nearby. railway. A distinctive feature of the Sereda residential complex is the implementation of design work by Spanish architects, which will provide a truly original design of interiors and exteriors of buildings. The cost of the apartment is in the range from 4.5 to 12.5 million rubles.

That's far from complete list new buildings in Moscow, the partial or complete delivery of which is scheduled for 2018. Active borrowing of foreign implementation experience construction work positively affects the quality of new buildings recent years. The information provided in reviews and press releases of construction companies confirms that 2018 will not be an exception.